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Online Bin Stretching: Algorithms and Computer Lower Bounds
Böhm, Martin ; Sgall, Jiří (advisor) ; Durr, Christoph (referee) ; Kellerer, Hans (referee)
Online Bin Stretching: Algorithms and Computer Lower Bounds Author: Martin Böhm Abstract: We investigate a problem in semi-online algorithm design, called Online Bin Stretching. The problem can be understood as an online repacking problem: the goal of the algorithm is to repack items of various sizes into m containers of identical size R > 1. The input items arrive one by one and the algorithm must assign an item to a container before the next item arrives. A specialty of this problem is that there is a specific guarantee made to the algorithm: the algorithm learns at the start of the input that there exists a packing of all input items into m containers of capacity 1. Our goal is to design algorithms for this problem which successfully pack the entire incoming sequence one by one while requiring the lowest container capacity R possible. In this thesis, we show several new results about Online Bin Stretching: First, we design an algorithm that is able to pack the entire input into m containers of capacity 1.5 regardless of what the vale of m will be. Second, we show a specialized algorithm for the setting of just 3 containers; this algorithm is able to pack into 3 bins of capacity 1.375. Finally, we design and implement an involved search algorithm which is able to find lower bounds for Online Bin...
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Immunity of State Officials under International Criminal Law
Dürr, Christoph ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Balaš, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis presents an analysis of the history and current state of state official immunity in international criminal law. First, I define the most relevant legal concepts. These include: (a) individual criminal responsibility; (b) international criminal law; (c) criminal jurisdiction; (d) the distinction between state immunity, diplomatic immunity, and immunity of state senior state officials; (e) imunity ratione personae and immunity ratione materiae; and (f) state officials. Given the distinictions between national and international fora, different sets of legal issues concerning immunity arise before them. I thus deal with the two types of immunity seperately. In so doing, I present and analyze specific court descisions supporting or rejecting immunity. I argue that the case law and doctrine indicate that a number of conceptual questions remain unresolved.
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Participation of the public in decision-making within environmental protection
Dürr, Christoph ; Sobotka, Michal (advisor) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
Účast veřejnosti na rozhodovacích procesech v rámci ochrany životního prostředí 79 Summary Public participation in decision making is an increasingly important aspect of modern democracy. State and international institutions often set goals for themselves, including environmental protection and improvement.. Pollution will become an even more serious issue as large Asian nations continue to expand their economies. In this context, institutions require help and control from the public to ensure they make the proper decisions. In this thesis, I focus on public participation on three levels: international law, European law and national law. On the international level, the Aarhus Convention is the controlling legal document. Its three pillars regulate access to information, public participation in decision making, and access to justice. This document contains procedural rights, but the term "public concerned" is especially important. The Convention leaves it up to member states to determine who comprises "the public". Similarly, European law regulates public participation. It does so by means of directives.The Czech Republic is thus bound by international as well as European law. The third chapter of this thesis focuses on specific activities. Several laws are important for public participation, namely the EIA...
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