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Invasive water invertebrates in Czech Republic
Kolářová, Lucie ; Tátosová, Jolana (advisor) ; Dočkalová, Kateřina (referee)
An introduction of invasive species is considered to be one of the most actual problems of these days and is also related with water environment and water invertebrates. Occurences of many non-native species has been recorded in waters of the Czech Republic and these species can be divided into two groups. Species of the first group are invasive alien species - their ecological patterns (e.g. high growing rates, high reproductive capacity or ability to transfer exotic diseases) make their spreading more successful. North-American crayfish species (Orconectes limosus and Pacifastacus leniusculus), Dreissena polymorpha or Dikerogammarus villosus are the typical representatives of this group. The spreading of these species is very remarkable, since their introduction causes many harmful effects and has negative impacts on native fauna. However, the appearance of other group of water invertebrates has been found in our waters. These are also non-indigenous species, but their spreading is very inconspicuous - they do not reach high population densities and their invasion does not cause negative impacts on native fauna and ecosystems. The evidence of these harmless invasive species has been recorded thanks to the monitoring programs and we possibly wouldn't know about them without this monitoring. The...
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Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in macroinvertebrates: relationship between concentrations and organism size
Hanzlíková, Lenka ; Dočkalová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hořická, Zuzana (referee)
The size of benthic organisms is one of many possible factors affecting resultant concentrations of metals accumulated in organisms from surrounding water environment. Partial information is presented in research publications which state this dependency with different conclusions. So far the dependence was not unequivocally interpreted. Relationship between concentration and body size may differ among various metals and also between individual species of macroinvertebrates. This bachelor thesis is a research of professional literature and its result is analysis of existing knowledge of types of this dependancy and comparison of individual representatives of aquatic invertebrates and individual metals. Significance of the trend of dependence as a factor having the influence on the final interpretation of data on the concentrations of monitored substances, especially heavy metals is to be assessed. Result of this work should facilitate the interpretation of data for future analysis of heavymetals in aquatic invertebrate organisms. Keywords: bioaccumulation, heavy metals, macroinvertebrates
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Historical records of Hg emissions in the Prague city using dendrochronology
Miller, Zbyněk ; Dočkalová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (referee)
The primary aim of this work was to estimate whether tree rings of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) can be used as a geochemical archive for the purposes of historical and recent pollution of atmosphere by Mercury (Hg). The research was realized during the year of 2013 (January to June) in the the capital city of Prague. Šumava National Park was selected as a reference site. In total, forty eight cores of Norway spruce were sourced from five locations for the Hg analysis. Three cores were obtained from each tree from the following cardinal points: the north, east and south-west. The investigated sites have been significantly different in amount of Hg measured (ANOVA, p < 0,001). There was found also negative correlation among the amount of Hg and phosphorus (P) (r = - 0,66; p < 0,002). The highest concentrations of Hg were measured at "Krematorium Motol" site (up to 14,2 ng.g-1 ). On the contrary, the lowest concentration of Hg was recorded both near the former incineration plant at the site "Pod Spalovnou - Vysočany" (1,1 ng.g-1 ) and at the reference site in the Šumava (1,2 ng.g-1 ). Increased values of Hg in the investigated tree rings in the 50's up to the late 70's of the 20th century is probably caused by the former industrial era connected with coal-fired power plants and ore processing. The...
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The load of sediments and bentic organisms with trace metals in urban stream Botič
Hanzlíková, Lenka ; Dočkalová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Stuchlík, Evžen (referee)
Trace element bioaccumulation in benthic organisms is important part of aquatic environment pollution research, since water and sediment analysis itselfs do not provide significant information about bioavailability of contaminants and the results mostly shows just current pollution at the time of sampling. This study focuses on urban streams contamination which are currently significant source of trace elements. Botic stream was chosen as exemplary, because it is affected by many combined sewer system overflows which are sources of contamination in times of heavy rain and flood. Load several sampling took place on 10 stream sites during the year of 2012. This thesis deals with 11 trace elements concretelly Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Zn, As, Fe, Pb and Al. Trace elements were assessed in both benthic organisms and sediment. As well taxons were selected from benthic organisms, which are widely found at any time of the reference year: caddisflies of family Hydropsychidae, leeches Erpobdella sp. and mayflies of Baetidae family. Sediment analysis included sequential extraction which divided trace elements into 4 fractions according to mobility. Based on the results, bioavailability was assessed on observed elements and correlation between concentration in bethos and sediment was tested. Finally, impact of...
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Historical records of Hg emissions in the Prague city using dendrochronology
Miller, Zbyněk ; Dočkalová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (referee)
The primary aim of this work was to estimate whether tree rings of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) can be used as a geochemical archive for the purposes of historical and recent pollution of atmosphere by Mercury (Hg). The research was realized during the year of 2013 (January to June) in the the capital city of Prague. Šumava National Park was selected as a reference site. In total, forty eight cores of Norway spruce were sourced from five locations for the Hg analysis. Three cores were obtained from each tree from the following cardinal points: the north, east and south-west. The investigated sites have been significantly different in amount of Hg measured (ANOVA, p < 0,001). There was found also negative correlation among the amount of Hg and phosphorus (P) (r = - 0,66; p < 0,002). The highest concentrations of Hg were measured at "Krematorium Motol" site (up to 14,2 ng.g-1 ). On the contrary, the lowest concentration of Hg was recorded both near the former incineration plant at the site "Pod Spalovnou - Vysočany" (1,1 ng.g-1 ) and at the reference site in the Šumava (1,2 ng.g-1 ). Increased values of Hg in the investigated tree rings in the 50's up to the late 70's of the 20th century is probably caused by the former industrial era connected with coal-fired power plants and ore processing. The...
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Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in macroinvertebrates: relationship between concentrations and organism size
Hanzlíková, Lenka ; Dočkalová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hořická, Zuzana (referee)
The size of benthic organisms is one of many possible factors affecting resultant concentrations of metals accumulated in organisms from surrounding water environment. Partial information is presented in research publications which state this dependency with different conclusions. So far the dependence was not unequivocally interpreted. Relationship between concentration and body size may differ among various metals and also between individual species of macroinvertebrates. This bachelor thesis is a research of professional literature and its result is analysis of existing knowledge of types of this dependancy and comparison of individual representatives of aquatic invertebrates and individual metals. Significance of the trend of dependence as a factor having the influence on the final interpretation of data on the concentrations of monitored substances, especially heavy metals is to be assessed. Result of this work should facilitate the interpretation of data for future analysis of heavymetals in aquatic invertebrate organisms. Keywords: bioaccumulation, heavy metals, macroinvertebrates
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Invasive water invertebrates in Czech Republic
Kolářová, Lucie ; Tátosová, Jolana (advisor) ; Dočkalová, Kateřina (referee)
An introduction of invasive species is considered to be one of the most actual problems of these days and is also related with water environment and water invertebrates. Occurences of many non-native species has been recorded in waters of the Czech Republic and these species can be divided into two groups. Species of the first group are invasive alien species - their ecological patterns (e.g. high growing rates, high reproductive capacity or ability to transfer exotic diseases) make their spreading more successful. North-American crayfish species (Orconectes limosus and Pacifastacus leniusculus), Dreissena polymorpha or Dikerogammarus villosus are the typical representatives of this group. The spreading of these species is very remarkable, since their introduction causes many harmful effects and has negative impacts on native fauna. However, the appearance of other group of water invertebrates has been found in our waters. These are also non-indigenous species, but their spreading is very inconspicuous - they do not reach high population densities and their invasion does not cause negative impacts on native fauna and ecosystems. The evidence of these harmless invasive species has been recorded thanks to the monitoring programs and we possibly wouldn't know about them without this monitoring. The...
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Interiér Baťových domků
Dočkalová, Kateřina
Bachelor thesis deals with issues of interiors of family houses built by Bata Shoe Company in Zlin. The introduction part is devoted to historical events through which this form of living was created. The next part of the bachelor thesis describes individual types of houses, original layout and furnishing of interiors, thesis compares them with the current state and deals with possible reconstructions. The aim is total evaluation of apartment standard in retrospect. Author's own design of reconstruction of Bata semi-detached house has been created on this basis in the practical part. The draft is made in the form of model with drawings.
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