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Fertility differentiation after the second world war in the Czech Republic and Japan
Cellarová, Irena ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šustová, Šárka (referee)
Fertility differentiation after the Second World War in the Czech Republic and Japan Abstract The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare the fertility evolution in the Czech Republic and Japan after the Second World War until now, whereas there have been significant changes in this period. The analysis of fertility places emphasis on comparing the evolution of total fertility rate, the mean age of women at childbirth and the proportion of non-martial births. Although the indicator of total fertility rate started from relatively high and diverse values now the differences between countries are at a negligible level, and the value of total fertility rate is far below the replacement level. The mean age of women at childbirth in Japan has maintained a higher value than in the Czech Republic throughout the period. The proportions of non-marital births are extremely different; the value exceeds 40 % in the Czech Republic, unlike Japan, where it has never exceeded even 3 %, which is particularly due to a low proportion of cohabitation in the country. Keywords: fertility, second demographic transition, Czech Republic, Japan
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Older mothers in the Czech Republic: trends and factors
Cellarová, Irena ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Older mothers in the Czech republic: trends and factors Abstract The main aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the evolution of fertility and (especially induced) abortion of older mothers aged 35-49 years in the territory of the Czech Republic in the period from 1950 to 2015. In nineties of the 20th century, the level of fertility fell deeply below the level needed for population renewal. A lot of authors often associate this phenomenon with the second demographic transition which is a highly discussed topic including many different opinions. Until then the changes in the level and timing of fertility had concerned primarily marital fertility. At the same time, however, the proportion of non-marital births and also the fertility rate of women aged 35-49 years have begun to increase. The level of induced abortion until 1990 was being directly influenced by legislative changes. The level of induced abortion has started to drop significantly due to the spread of modern contraception since the beginning of the 21st century.For women aged 35-49, the older the woman is, the more often she chooses the induced abortion before a child birth because in this age group the index of induced abortion increases with age. Keywords: fertility, induced abortion, older mothers, second demographic transition, Czech republic
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Fertility differentiation after the second world war in the Czech Republic and Japan
Cellarová, Irena ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šustová, Šárka (referee)
Fertility differentiation after the Second World War in the Czech Republic and Japan Abstract The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare the fertility evolution in the Czech Republic and Japan after the Second World War until now, whereas there have been significant changes in this period. The analysis of fertility places emphasis on comparing the evolution of total fertility rate, the mean age of women at childbirth and the proportion of non-martial births. Although the indicator of total fertility rate started from relatively high and diverse values now the differences between countries are at a negligible level, and the value of total fertility rate is far below the replacement level. The mean age of women at childbirth in Japan has maintained a higher value than in the Czech Republic throughout the period. The proportions of non-marital births are extremely different; the value exceeds 40 % in the Czech Republic, unlike Japan, where it has never exceeded even 3 %, which is particularly due to a low proportion of cohabitation in the country. Keywords: fertility, second demographic transition, Czech Republic, Japan
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