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Alternative sanctions in the Czech Republic.
Mrajcová, Simona ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Vávra, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with alternative sanctions in the Czech Republic. It primarily focuses on the cooperation between relevant actors during the process of decision-making about the type of sanction, its execution and supervision, and also concentrates on possible changes of its use after the amendment of criminal law in 2010. To give a complex view on given issue, the thesis also shortly focuses on alternatives to sanctions and diversions of criminal proceedings. System of alternative sanctions is framed by criminal policy and criminal law of the Czech Republic and factors that have influence on functioning of the system are determined. Those factors are multinational structures (OSN, EU, Council of Europe), level of registered criminality, forms of criminality and public opinion. Despite the fact, that Czech criminal law contains quite wide enumeration of alternative sanctions, there are still opinions that they are not used enough and that imprisonment is still preferred and it causes overcrowding of prisons and it is burden for state budget. Judges and prosecutors advocate themselves and claim that the problem is not on their side but rather the conditions of alternative sanctions which are poorly regulated and so it discourages from their use. Also the non-conceptual attitude of criminal...
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Access to victims of crime in terms of the interested state institutions
Provazník, Jan ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Háva, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the policy for the access to the victims of crime. It focuses on activity of interested state institutions that cooperate with victims of crime. In today's approach victims of crime represent a group of people which is seen as people who need assistance. In Czech Republic this approach is reflected in adoption a law on crime victims that comes into force in 2013. Subject of modification of this law directed to defining rights of crime victim as a subject of special care provided by the state, modification of provision of financial support for victims of crimes provided by the state and assessment of legal basis for cooperation between state and organization that provides assistance to crime victims. Diploma thesis deals with reasons for this major legislative change in policy for the access to the victims of crime. It examines the law-making process and the adoption of the law and focuses on implementation of law through the authorities that is active in criminal proceedings and Probation and Mediation Service. It seeks to answer the question to what extent this measure fulfills the objectives. The contribution of diploma thesis is providing a comprehensive view of issue related to the access to the victims of crime as a subject of special care provided by the state....
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Systemic corruption in Liberec
Langr, Ivan ; Frič, Pavol (advisor) ; Cejp, Martin (referee)
The diploma thesis "Systemic corruption in Liberec" focuses on the problematics of systematic corruption and clientelism in post-communist society. It is launched as a case study (Yin 1994, 2003, Flyfbjerg 2006, 2001) whose frame remarkably exceeds ordinary corruption models (public office, market centered theory, public interest) and is based on systematic corruption model theories (Caiden, and Caiden 1977, Caiden 2003, Johnston 1998, Wallis 2006, Stefes 2004, 2007, Jowitt 1992 etc.), and eventually their effect emerged in the areas of the government system, civil freedom, social cohesion and public economy. Empiric part consequently covers both phenomena showing the case of the Liberec city hall, the research itself is bounded by the years 1998-2010, when the connection between the city government and construction lobby reveals in an intense political and medial point of view. The research is made to identify and prove the figures of systematic corruption and clientelism based on the individual affairs of political representatives, office workers and various economic entities. Metodically the diploma thesis is built up on elaborate interviews (politicians, officers, prosecuting authorities etc.), document analysis (reports and materials of the city council and municipal government, contracts,...
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Regularization of irregular migrants as a softening tool of the negative impacts of illegal migration
Tomášková, Alice ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Muhič Dizdarevič, Selma (referee)
The thesis, "Regularization of irregular migrants as a softening-tool of the negative impacts of illegal migration", concerns the area of illegal migration and solving the problem of large number of people living illegally in country. It offers overview of various forms of illegal migration and points out the negative consequences of these kinds of forms of migration, from which it focuses specially on illegal employment of migrants. The thesis contains an analysis of the processes of one-time regularizations of irregular migrants as a softening-tool of the negative impacts of illegal migration. The case of Spain is used to provide the analysis. Spain has used programs of regularization in the past repeatedly. The subject of this analysis is detection of weak spots when launching regularizations which led to their failure. Based on the identification of these problematic spots, the author offers suggestions concerning the implementation of this migration policy tool. Results of the analysis are applied in the concluding part of the paper on the situation in the Czech Republic. Firstly, the issue of the development of illegal migration is mentioned. Subsequently, some measures, which would be adequate to introduce in the case of implementation of regularization in our state, are proposed. These measures...
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Youth criminality prevention with focus on non-profit organisations role
Pazderová, Eliška ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Frič, Pavol (referee)
This Bachelor Thesis is primarily comparing three non-governmental non-profit organizations dealing with the prevention of youth criminality - specifically Pet P, Lata and Prak organizations. For this comparison was used analysis of interviews with non-profit organizations workers. The results of the comparison were in the end linked with the theoretical starting points of the work - the causes of youth criminality. It has been found that the non-profit organizations , which have been compared, consider as the most important factor the influence of the family. The identified problems of non-profit organizations include financial aspects, insufficient evaluation of the efficiency of organizations and in some cases also the lack of cooperation. On the contrary, the positive finding is that the interest in volunteering in the organizations examinated in this Thesis is quite large.
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Solution designs for each type of prostitution
Andresová, Kristina ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Kutálková, Petra (referee)
The main goal of this diploma thesis Solution Designs for Each Type of Prostitution is to design particular public policy solution which would be able to regulate prostitution in the area of the Czech Republic, considering different types of prostitution. At first each type of prostitution is described together with typical problems and risks attached to it. Accordingly three approaches to prostitution from legal point of view are compared, including their advantages and disadvantages. Consequently three countries - Germany, Netherlands and Sweden - are described and mutually compared in detail from a perspective of their attitude towards commercial sexual services. Later on, the most important international treaties, current progress of prostitution legal framework and the most relevant actors with their attitudes are introduced. In the main part of this thesis particular solution for each type of prostitution is designed, based on previous findings and knowledge. Purpose of this solution design is to reflect needs of both society and sex workers in such a way that is able to improve the current unsatisfactory situation and maybe to even become a springboard for further regulative measures.
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House arrest as an instrument of penal policy
Králová, Lucie ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Vávra, Martin (referee)
This thesis, dealing with "House arrest as an instrument of penal policy", reflects problems of ineffective system, increasing the number of prison sentences imposed, exceeding prison capacities and consequential violation of fundamental human rights. In response to improperly configured system of penal policy, in 2010 a new Act no. 40/2009 Coll., The Penal Code was implemented, introducing new institute of house arrest to the Czech justice system. Philosophy of house arrest is in punishing the perpetrator, while maintaining positive relationships that would be otherwise disrupted by his imprisonment. Presented thesis evaluates the implementation of the punishment, reflects benefits, disadvantages and actual barriers in its successful implementation, using expert interviews.
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Victims of human trafficking: Access to justice as Public Policy issue
Kutálková, Petra ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Ochrana, František (referee) ; Pojman, Petr (referee)
The dissertation offers a complex insight into the workings of provisions regarding the policy in the area of combating human trafficking with a focus on the tools which should guarantee access to justice for victims of human trafficking in the Czech Republic. By means of an event analysis covering the years 1993-2013 and using the theoretical premises of Actor-Centred Institutionalism and Social Construction of Target Groups, the paper shows that most institutions and actors active in the observed area of the policy are primarily focused on criminal repression rather than the rights and needs of human trafficking victims. Even the position of the victim is rather weak in the observed segment of the policy in comparison to the declaratory stances. In relation to actors and institutions, the position of the victims is strengthened by the Act on Social Services and weakened, besides other things, by several institutionalized uses of the human trafficking concept. In practice, the group which reaches help and rights is narrowed by them, and, at the same time, they act as an uncertainty factor in the work of Law Enforcement Authorities and other actors. A part of the dissertation is comprised of recommendations, which proceed from a theoretical base of public policy as well as an extensive critical...
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