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Influence of acellular pig dermis on the healing of thermal skin injuries
Zajíček, Robert ; Königová, Radana (advisor) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee) ; Klein, Leo (referee)
The submitted dissertation addresses the issue of acellular pig dermis in healing burn wound. The acellular xenodermis Xe-Derma® (XD) has been developed in the Prague Burn Centre in cooperation with the Czech Academy of Sciences and has been produced by a Czech company. Several culture techniques for cultivation of human primary keratinocytes were tested. The bioactivity of XD was studied by a cell culture assay in an organotypic culture system at the air-liquid interface. We compared keratinocyte proliferation and formation of epidermis in vitro with formation of neo-epidermis in the deep dermal wounds treated with XD (in vivo). Morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of keratinocytes confirmed the similarity of organization and differentiation of the cultured epidermal cells to the normal epidermis. Ability to stimulate growth and differentiation of keratinocytes connote bioactivity of XD. The natural structure and firmness of XD (composed of collagen and elastic fibres with the surface responding to the basement membrane) enables adhesion,proliferation, migration and differentiation of epidermal cells. In the clinical use XD appertains to temporary covers in burn treatment, particularly on scalds in children. In the frame of grant project IGA there has been investigated healing of widely meshed...
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Response of the tissue at intracellular level to various physical lasers' parameters
Remlová, Eva ; Navrátil, Leoš (advisor) ; Jelínková, Helena (referee) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee)
Objective: Hemangioma is mesenchymal benign tumor formed by blood vessels. Anomalies affect up to 10% of children and they are more common in females than in males. The aim of the study was to evaluate hemangioma treatment using four different types of lasers namely Alexandrite, Er: YAG, CO2 and PDL. Background Data: Argon laser was the first to be used for dermatological patients. A variety of different lasers and light sources were useful in treatment of vascular lesions e.g. KTP, Nd: YAG, CO2, PDL, and Er: YAG etc. Materials and Methods: Group of 869 consecutive patients with hemangioma was retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into four groups according to the type of laser used: those underwent the therapy with Alexandrite, CO2, Er: YAG, and PDL. All patients were treated in one session without anesthesia application. Ablative systems vaporized tissues until the hemangioma was removed. Non-ablative systems used one shot which destroyed the hemangioma blood vessels. Results: For the treatment efficacy analysis, the following factors were evaluated: therapeutic effect, loss of pigment, and appearance of scar. From results it was evident that the therapeutic effect of all the lasers except Alexandrite was very high - almost 100%. In the CO2 and the Er: YAG laser also high percentage of side...
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Use of biological materials for tissue substitution in plastic surgery
Měšťák, Ondřej ; Sukop, Andrej (advisor) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee) ; Dražan, Luboš (referee)
Užití biologických materiálů k náhradě tkání v plastické chirurgii ! Abstrakt v angličtině Background: Biological meshes are biomaterials consisted of extracellular matrix and used in surgery particularly for hernia treatment or thoracic wall reconstruction. They are capable of vascularization, that decreases risk of infection, expecially when used in contaminated fields. This study compared the strength of incorporation and biocompatibility of two porcine-derived grafts (cross-linked and non-cross-linked) in a rat hernia model. In addition, we hypothesized that combination of extracellular matrices with autologous mesenchymal stem cells used for hernia repair would result in increased vascularization and increased strength of incorporation. Methods: Standardized 2 x 4 cm fascial defect was created in 42 Wistar rats and repaired with a cross-linked or a non-cross-linked graft either enriched or non-enriched with stem cells. The rats were sacrificed 3, 6 and 12 months later. The strength of incorporation, vascularization, cellular invasion, foreign body reaction and capsule formation were evaluated. Results: Comparison of stem cell enriched and non-enriched groups showed no significant differences in the capsule thickness, foreign body reaction, cellularization or vascularization. In the non-cross-linked...
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Surgical therapy of deep burns - dermoepidermal autotransplantation combined with local transplantation of autologous platelet concentrate
Klosová, Hana ; Klein, Leo (advisor) ; Dvořánková, Barbora (referee) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee)
Surgical therapy of deep burns - dermoepidermal autotransplantation combined with local transplantation of the autologous platelet concentrate Introduction: Necrectomy followed by skin grafting is the only causal therapy of 3rd degree burns and non-healing deep-dermal burns. In burn medicine, effective methods for stimulation of healing of skin grafted and donor areas have been searched for a long time. Efficacy of the autologous platelet concentrate (APC) to improve wound healing was verified in clinical studies in many range surgical disciplines. Its use seems to be promising in burn medicine as well. Verification of the APC efficacy in burn treatment is highly desirable. Aims: 1. The analysis of speed and quality of healing process in skin grafted areas with topical transplantation of the APC compared to the healing following the skin grafting only. 2. The monitoring of changes and development of subsequent scarring, detection of potential systemic response in relation to the topical transplantation of the APC. Methods: The speed and quality of the healing in skin grafted areas and the extent of skin graft failure were monitored in two groups of patients post-operatively. The healing of donor areas was evaluated to determine the potential systemic effect of the topically applied APC. The clinical...
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Use of biological materials for tissue substitution in plastic surgery
Měšťák, Ondřej ; Sukop, Andrej (advisor) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee) ; Dražan, Luboš (referee)
Užití biologických materiálů k náhradě tkání v plastické chirurgii ! Abstrakt v angličtině Background: Biological meshes are biomaterials consisted of extracellular matrix and used in surgery particularly for hernia treatment or thoracic wall reconstruction. They are capable of vascularization, that decreases risk of infection, expecially when used in contaminated fields. This study compared the strength of incorporation and biocompatibility of two porcine-derived grafts (cross-linked and non-cross-linked) in a rat hernia model. In addition, we hypothesized that combination of extracellular matrices with autologous mesenchymal stem cells used for hernia repair would result in increased vascularization and increased strength of incorporation. Methods: Standardized 2 x 4 cm fascial defect was created in 42 Wistar rats and repaired with a cross-linked or a non-cross-linked graft either enriched or non-enriched with stem cells. The rats were sacrificed 3, 6 and 12 months later. The strength of incorporation, vascularization, cellular invasion, foreign body reaction and capsule formation were evaluated. Results: Comparison of stem cell enriched and non-enriched groups showed no significant differences in the capsule thickness, foreign body reaction, cellularization or vascularization. In the non-cross-linked...
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Influence of acellular pig dermis on the healing of thermal skin injuries
Zajíček, Robert ; Königová, Radana (advisor) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee) ; Klein, Leo (referee)
The submitted dissertation addresses the issue of acellular pig dermis in healing burn wound. The acellular xenodermis Xe-Derma® (XD) has been developed in the Prague Burn Centre in cooperation with the Czech Academy of Sciences and has been produced by a Czech company. Several culture techniques for cultivation of human primary keratinocytes were tested. The bioactivity of XD was studied by a cell culture assay in an organotypic culture system at the air-liquid interface. We compared keratinocyte proliferation and formation of epidermis in vitro with formation of neo-epidermis in the deep dermal wounds treated with XD (in vivo). Morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of keratinocytes confirmed the similarity of organization and differentiation of the cultured epidermal cells to the normal epidermis. Ability to stimulate growth and differentiation of keratinocytes connote bioactivity of XD. The natural structure and firmness of XD (composed of collagen and elastic fibres with the surface responding to the basement membrane) enables adhesion,proliferation, migration and differentiation of epidermal cells. In the clinical use XD appertains to temporary covers in burn treatment, particularly on scalds in children. In the frame of grant project IGA there has been investigated healing of widely meshed...
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|
Response of the tissue at intracellular level to various physical lasers' parameters
Remlová, Eva ; Navrátil, Leoš (advisor) ; Jelínková, Helena (referee) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee)
Objective: Hemangioma is mesenchymal benign tumor formed by blood vessels. Anomalies affect up to 10% of children and they are more common in females than in males. The aim of the study was to evaluate hemangioma treatment using four different types of lasers namely Alexandrite, Er: YAG, CO2 and PDL. Background Data: Argon laser was the first to be used for dermatological patients. A variety of different lasers and light sources were useful in treatment of vascular lesions e.g. KTP, Nd: YAG, CO2, PDL, and Er: YAG etc. Materials and Methods: Group of 869 consecutive patients with hemangioma was retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into four groups according to the type of laser used: those underwent the therapy with Alexandrite, CO2, Er: YAG, and PDL. All patients were treated in one session without anesthesia application. Ablative systems vaporized tissues until the hemangioma was removed. Non-ablative systems used one shot which destroyed the hemangioma blood vessels. Results: For the treatment efficacy analysis, the following factors were evaluated: therapeutic effect, loss of pigment, and appearance of scar. From results it was evident that the therapeutic effect of all the lasers except Alexandrite was very high - almost 100%. In the CO2 and the Er: YAG laser also high percentage of side...
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