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Alimentary intake of fluoride in preschool children in dental caries prevention
Oganessian, Edgar ; Broukal, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Štípek, Stanislav (referee) ; Veverka, Jan (referee)
The primary prevention of dental caries includes the regular reduction of dental plaque, the adequate nutrition with reduced frequency of sugar intake and the application of topical and/or alimentary fluorides. The caries-protective effect of fluorides is based on the stabilization of demineralization/remineralization processes in the surface of teeth. The alimentary fluoride intake involves its nutritional sources, fluoride supplements when administered and unintentionally swallowed fluoride toothpastes. The fluoride intake, besides its verifiable and significant contribution to the control of cariogenic conditions in the oral cavity, brings some risk in the period of permanent teeth development. That is why the fluoride intake in childhood ought to be well set up and controlled for achieving the maximum benefit in caries reduction and for minimizing the risk for the enamel development. The assessment on fluoride content in its most significant nutritional sources and the model estimates of fluoride intake in preschool children have been conducted with the aim at contributing the solution of the benefit/risk strategy of fluoride caries prevention. The fluoride content was estimated in bottled waters for preschool children, in instant milk formulas, in herbal teas for children and in instant products of...
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An anthropological study of the eruption of permanent teeth
Šindelářová, Romana ; Broukal, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Špidlen, Miloš (referee) ; Izakovičová Hollá, Lydie (referee)
The introduction to the dissertation is devoted to a brief overview of the development and emergence of teeth and the characteristics of the internal and external influences that affect the emergence. In addition to the influence of physical constitution on permanent teeth emergence, other factors such as socioeconomic influences, premature birth, premature loss of deciduous teeth, or the influence of craniofacial morphology are described. The term biological age and the possibilities of its determination were also discussed. In research part we carried out research into permanent tooth emergence in Czech children aged 4 to 15, as a knowledge of the timing and sequence of the emergence of permanent is important for dental prevention treatment planning, particularly in orthodontics and pediatric dentistry and also is essential in forensic anthropology for the estimation of an individual's age. We also focused on the evaluation of the differences in the time of emergence of the contralateral and opposing permanent teeth. Attention was also paid to some important internal and external factors that affect the time of emergence of the permanent dentition. Our results were compared with the conclusions of similar studies conducted throughout the world. Key words: permanent teeth, emergence time,...
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Clinical aspects of the squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and lip
Nováková, Vendula ; Slezák, Radovan (advisor) ; Pazdera, Jindřich (referee) ; Broukal, Zdeněk (referee)
Clinical aspects of the squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and lip Introduction: The incidence of head and neck cancer in Czech Republic is rising. Despite the recent advances in treatment, no significant drop in fatality of the disease has been noted in the last decades. The aim of the study was to describe relevant clinical and demographic characteristics and their impact on survival of a case series with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Material and methods: Two-hundred patients with OSCC diagnosed and treated at the Department of Dentistry, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and Teaching Hospital in Hradec Králové, were included in this retrospective descriptive study. Information about sex, age, risk factors, site of the tumour, histologic findings, stage of disease, primary treatment method and cause of death were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used for survival analysis. Results: The median of follow up was 28 months (range 1-242 months). The male to female ratio was 2.1:1. The mean age of the patients was 62 years (SD=12). The most common areas affected by carcinoma were floor of mouth (51 cases, 25,5%) and lower lip (47 cases, 23,5%). One-hundred-and-four patients ...
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Alimentary intake of fluoride in preschool children in dental caries prevention
Oganessian, Edgar ; Broukal, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Štípek, Stanislav (referee) ; Veverka, Jan (referee)
The primary prevention of dental caries includes the regular reduction of dental plaque, the adequate nutrition with reduced frequency of sugar intake and the application of topical and/or alimentary fluorides. The caries-protective effect of fluorides is based on the stabilization of demineralization/remineralization processes in the surface of teeth. The alimentary fluoride intake involves its nutritional sources, fluoride supplements when administered and unintentionally swallowed fluoride toothpastes. The fluoride intake, besides its verifiable and significant contribution to the control of cariogenic conditions in the oral cavity, brings some risk in the period of permanent teeth development. That is why the fluoride intake in childhood ought to be well set up and controlled for achieving the maximum benefit in caries reduction and for minimizing the risk for the enamel development. The assessment on fluoride content in its most significant nutritional sources and the model estimates of fluoride intake in preschool children have been conducted with the aim at contributing the solution of the benefit/risk strategy of fluoride caries prevention. The fluoride content was estimated in bottled waters for preschool children, in instant milk formulas, in herbal teas for children and in instant products of...
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Oral health of preschool children and its relationship to demographic-social family background and parental attitudes and behaviour regarding caries prevention in children
Lenčová, Erika ; Broukal, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Nováková, Květoslava (referee) ; Markovská, Neda (referee)
1 SUMMARY The thesis is based on three cross-sectional studies. The first study analyzed long-term trends in caries experience of Czech 5yr olds. The data originated from 6 studies on caries experience of 5yr olds performed over the years 1994-2009. During this period, a significant increasing trend in dmft=0 was observed in Czech 5yr olds, the trends of mean dmft per child and mean d per child were not significant. The aim of the second study was to characterize family attitudinal and behavioural factors related to dental decay prevention. It was a questionnaire survey in parents of preschool children. The data was analyzed by factor analysis enabling to find latent associations among large number of variables with similar variability and group them into a smaller set of newly formed factors. The results showed that the parents have sufficient knowledge on the main risk factors for dental caries, however, in the caries prevention they mainly rely on dentists, they consider it normal to give sweets to children daily and they underestimate the seriousness of premature loss of primary tooth. The third study used logistic regression to analyze the relationship of parental locus of health control (LoC) and the risk of dental caries in primary dentition of their preschool children. It was observed that children...
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