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Environmental and Health Benefits of Electromobility
Sanetrník, Michal ; Bendl, Jiří (advisor) ; Hůnová, Iva (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the health and environmental benefits of electromobility. The main objective of this thesis is to describe the current health and environmental risks of emissions from combustion engine vehicles and to determine whether electric vehicles eliminate these risks. The secondary objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of current emission regulations in automotive transportation. The first part of this thesis describes the current state of air pollution, sources of pollution, exposure and health impacts on the population. The second part is dedicated to electric vehicles and vehicles with combustion engines, and compares their health and environmental impacts. The output of this thesis is that combustion engine vehicles contribute to more than four million premature deaths worldwide each year, accelerate global climate change, damage the ozone layer, contribute to acidification, eutrophication, and negatively affect vegetation and pollinators. For these reasons, it is necessary to switch to a health and environmentally friendly alternative. Battery electric vehicles appear to be a suitable replacement in all areas covered by this thesis, especially if their implementation is accompanied by a transition to renewable sources. Keywords air polution, emissions, premature...
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Arsenic Contamination of Waters in the World
Grecká, Marie ; Bendl, Jiří (advisor) ; Drahota, Petr (referee)
Summary: In this bachelor thesis there are summarized reasons of occurrence of too high As concentration in groundwater abroad and possibilities of the water treatment. There are mentioned mainly the Asian countries, where there were proved the cases of serious diseases of inhabitants in connection with long-term consumption of the water from the shallow groundwater in the area of big river deltas. Arsenic is released to the groundwater from the iron oxides by natural process in reductive environment (due to the oxidation of organic matter). In the arid climate areas in Asia or South America, there are also localities of high As groundwater. The groundwater in these arid areas is more saline and the reason of high As concentration there is the oxidation of sulphide minerals. Then there are given the other examples of arsenic release by the oxidation of pyrite in the gold (or tin) mining areas etc. Another source of arsenic in water is a geothermal system. A suitable method for the arsenic removal from water is a coprecipitation of iron and As (V).
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The Use of Asbestos, Remediation of Contaminated Areas and the Risk of Impact on the Human Organism
Štípek, Radek ; Bendl, Jiří (advisor) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (referee)
The work deals with the uses of asbestos minerals, methods of safe disposal of asbestos and the disease burden caused by exposure to asbestos fibers, of which the most dangerous is crocidolite. Attention is paid to the physical-chemical and structural properties, classification and explanation of the processes of their formation, indicating areas of the Czech Republic and abroad. Describes the history of asbestos use since ancient times to the 20th century, including mass balance asbestos consumed in the technosphere that over the past hundred years, amounts to almost 194 million tons. It then focuses on building fire protection, insulation and other products with different content of asbestos in the world which total over 3000 and registered on the characteristics of asbestos substitute materials, such as ceramic, glass and carbon fibers, aramids, wollastonite, vermiculite and perlite. Describes methods for determination of asbestos fibers in the air, water and soil as a complete course of rehabilitation of contaminated objects. Asbestos fibers pose a risk to human health in the form of asbestosis, first diagnosed in 1900, pleural hyalinosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma of the pleura, where the first evidence of association with exposure to asbestos dates back to 1955 and on the basis of which...
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Possibility of Increasing Efficiency of Induction Machines by Means of Combined Stator Winding
Schreier, Luděk ; Bendl, Jiří ; Chomát, Miroslav
The paper analyses two basic variants of the combined connection of the stator winding of an induction machine. The aim of the use combined winding is to suppress the selected groups of higher spatial harmonics of the current layer and induction in the air gap and the flux in the yoke and thus lower the losses and improve the efficiency. There are given differential equations for both the variants.On the basis of a numerical solution of these equations, the ability of the two variants to suppress higher harmonics has been shown. The validity of the equations has been verified by experimental measurement on a physical model of an induction machine with the stator combined winding.
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Lead and its Effects on Health under the REACH
Krajíčková, Michaela ; Bendl, Jiří (advisor) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (referee)
With decreasing use of leaded petrol and the subsequent creation of further restrictions of lead exposure in an urban environment plummeted. Because lead is still available in several types of articles, the reduction of lead in our environment has come to a halt before reaching sufficiently low levels. New EU regulation REACH introduces new rules for the marketing of substances, mixtures and articles on the market. In September 2012, ordered by the European Commission under the REACH proposal banning the use of lead and its compounds in jewelery. It is now proposed to limit lead in products, such as shoes, clothes, accessories, interior decoration, pens and keys. The objective of the thesis is to inform about the presence of lead in consumer commodities and its dangers. Lead and its compounds are highly toxic and can cause lots of health issues. Especially its neurotoxical effects can affect the development of children nervous system, so it is essential to lower the occurence of lead in products on the market. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Use of Asbestos, Remediation of Contaminated Areas and the Risk of Impact on the Human Organism
Štípek, Radek ; Bendl, Jiří (advisor) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (referee)
The work deals with the uses of asbestos minerals, methods of safe disposal of asbestos and the disease burden caused by exposure to asbestos fibers, of which the most dangerous is crocidolite. Attention is paid to the physical-chemical and structural properties, classification and explanation of the processes of their formation, indicating areas of the Czech Republic and abroad. Describes the history of asbestos use since ancient times to the 20th century, including mass balance asbestos consumed in the technosphere that over the past hundred years, amounts to almost 194 million tons. It then focuses on building fire protection, insulation and other products with different content of asbestos in the world which total over 3000 and registered on the characteristics of asbestos substitute materials, such as ceramic, glass and carbon fibers, aramids, wollastonite, vermiculite and perlite. Describes methods for determination of asbestos fibers in the air, water and soil as a complete course of rehabilitation of contaminated objects. Asbestos fibers pose a risk to human health in the form of asbestosis, first diagnosed in 1900, pleural hyalinosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma of the pleura, where the first evidence of association with exposure to asbestos dates back to 1955 and on the basis of which...
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Arsenic Contamination of Waters in the World
Grecká, Marie ; Bendl, Jiří (advisor) ; Drahota, Petr (referee)
Summary: In this bachelor thesis there are summarized reasons of occurrence of too high As concentration in groundwater abroad and possibilities of the water treatment. There are mentioned mainly the Asian countries, where there were proved the cases of serious diseases of inhabitants in connection with long-term consumption of the water from the shallow groundwater in the area of big river deltas. Arsenic is released to the groundwater from the iron oxides by natural process in reductive environment (due to the oxidation of organic matter). In the arid climate areas in Asia or South America, there are also localities of high As groundwater. The groundwater in these arid areas is more saline and the reason of high As concentration there is the oxidation of sulphide minerals. Then there are given the other examples of arsenic release by the oxidation of pyrite in the gold (or tin) mining areas etc. Another source of arsenic in water is a geothermal system. A suitable method for the arsenic removal from water is a coprecipitation of iron and As (V).
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Restriction on Mercury in Measuring Devices according to the REACH
Šejblová, Barbora ; Bendl, Jiří (advisor) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (referee)
REACH - is the European Community Regulation on chemicals and their safe use (EC 1907/2006). It deals with the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemical substances. The law entered into force on 1 June 2007. The aim of REACH is to improve the protection of human health and the environment through the better and earlier identification of the intrinsic properties of chemical substances. At the same time, REACH aims to enhance innovation and competitiveness of the EU chemicals industry. The REACH Regulation places greater responsibility on industry to manage the risks from chemicals and to provide safety information on the substances. As a central point in the REACH system has the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) based in Helsinki, which manages the data required for operation of the system. The aim of this paper is to introduce the proposed restrictions (June 15th , 2010), which refers to the use of mercury in measuring devices, and how it is prepared by the European chemicals policy and directives - REACH. Furthermore, this work describes a reliable safe and technically and economically feasible alternatives for measuring devices containing mercury. The introduction of restrictions can reduce the amount of mercury in the EU market in the measuring equipment by about 57 tons...
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Mathematical Description of Combined Stator Winding of Induction Machines
Schreier, Luděk ; Bendl, Jiří ; Chomát, Miroslav
The contribution is focused on estimation of properties of induction machines with the combined stator winding. The paper analyses the influence of the shift between the windings and the influence of the number of conductors of these windings on the currents and the torque of the machine with regard to the fundamental spatial wave. The result of the analysis is the set of differential equations describing operation of the machine with the combined windings.
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