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Articulation of public policy to euthanasia
Mertová, Simona ; Potůček, Martin (advisor) ; Barták, Miroslav (referee)
MERTOVÁ, Simona. Artikulace veřejné politiky k eutanazii. Praha, 2016. 156 s. Diplomová práce (Mgr.) Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut sociologických studií. Katedra veřejné a sociální politiky. Vedoucí diplomové práce Prof. PhDr. Martin Potůček, CSc. MSc. Abstract The title of the diploma work stays "Articulation of public policy to euthanasia". In my diploma work I focused on the problems of euthanasia and its potential legalization in the Czech Republic from the point of view of public policy. Aim of the diploma work was to uncover key events and key actors commenting on the problems of euthanasia and its potential legalization. In my work I make use of the theories of The Advocacy Coalition Framework and The Agenda-Setting Theory and seek to identify basic value stands and major arguments of individual actors. Based on detailed analysis of key actors and key events I intend to proceed to an evaluation of the situation existing in the field of the legalization of euthanasia in the Czech Republic and to make an attempt to anticipate the future developmentand issues concerning potential passing of the law on euthanasia.
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Exposure to alcohol advertising among second grade primary school students in Prague
Baraník, Petr ; Barták, Miroslav (advisor) ; Petruželka, Benjamin (referee)
Background: During adolescence, individuals develop their own lifestyle, experience self- awareness, and shape their identity. Children in this period often experiment, reject advice, and disregard the opinions of adults. Alcohol advertising shapes a positive relationship with alcohol across age groups. Adolescents seek new friendships, good mood, and an escape from stress, anxiety, and obligations. Alcohol advertising specifically offers guidance and recommendations for alcohol consumption. Alcohol advertising fails to highlight the negative consequences of alcohol use and the risks of addiction. Aim: Describe and analyse the relationship between the influence of alcohol advertising, and the views and experiences of primary two pupils on alcohol use. To evaluate the exposure to alcohol advertising among second grade primary school students in Prague. To investigate the impact of alcohol advertising on pupils' attitudes and behaviour. To analyse pupils' awareness of the risks associated with alcohol consumption. Methods: The bachelor's thesis has the character of quantitative research, the research tool is a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Between May and June 2023, 35 elementary schools in the capital city of Prague were approached, of which 9 elementary schools were willing to participate....
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Substance use in the nightlife environment
Žák, David ; Petruželka, Benjamin (advisor) ; Barták, Miroslav (referee)
Background: The nightlife environment is associated with a higher prevalence of substance use compared to the general population. This use is typically recreational. Patterns of use, frequency and motivation tend to be diverse. The most frequent visitors of the nightlife environment are young adults who are in a turbulent phase of life. However, this stage of life changes over time, and with it the patterns of use and the value users place on substance use. Objective: The primary objective is to use qualitative research methods to describe the patterns of substance use in the nightlife environment and to find out whether new trends are emerging in this context. The secondary goal is to describe the relationship between young adulthood and the use of addictive substances. Methods: The work uses qualitative research methods. The research population was selected using purposive sampling and self-selection. The research group consisted of eight respondents with an average age of 28.4 years. The data was recorded using an audio recording and then transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Recreational users in the research group use addictive substances with less frequency than is described in similar studies. The phenomena of normalization and aging out were described. The respondents...
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History of the use of addictive substances in the 20th century in the territory of the Czech Republic
Hrabalová, Hana ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Barták, Miroslav (referee)
Background: Since the desire for altered consciousness is innate in humans, addictive substances have accompanied life of humans since time immemorial. The twentieth century was a century of many changes, whether with regard to the way of life, political events or the use of addictive substances. The thesis focuses on the inventory and mapping of the development of the use of addictive substances in the territory of the Czech Republic in the 20th century. It focuses on the historical context of the development of use as well as the gradual development of legislation, treatment and prevention. Aims: The aim of this thesis was to acquaint the reader with the complex history of the use of addictive substances in the 20th century in the territory of the Czech Republic and to map the development of the use of addictive substances. Methods: This thesis is theoretical, the data was obtained from historical and modern articles, periodicals, internet and book publications. Results: It was possible to create a partially comprehensive mapping of the use of addictive substances in the territory of the Czech Republic in the 20th century, focusing on what substances were used and what events accompanied their use and development. Conclusion: Understanding the historical events and contexts of substance use can...
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History of services in the care of persons using psychoactive substances in the Marianna Oranžská Psychiatric Hospital
Kolompárová, Lada ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Barták, Miroslav (referee)
Background: Marianna Oranžská Psychiatric Hospital was established in 1954 and is an important device that operates in treating persons using psychoactive substances. The concept of the device was constantly modernized, modified and nowadays it is a facility providing a wide range of addiction services. The hospital has built a reputation and is sought after by clients from all over the Czech Republic. Aims: Creation of a comprehensive description of the historical development of the facilities and services provided in the Marianna Oranžská Psychiatric Hospital from the establishment of the facility in 1954 to the present. Methods: This bachelor's thesis used qualitative research, including a content analysis of historical sources and professional publications that were thematically related to the relevant facility. Data from historical sources were processed using open coding. Results: In 1954 a Psychiatric Hospital was established in the village of Bílá voda with three wards, one of which was anti-alcohol. The first director of the hospital was MUDr. Bohumil Podařil until 1981, after which MUDr. Jiří Vařeka took his place. During his tenure, the concept of the hospital changed and the character of treatment became more like a detention center or an asylum. In 1986 MUDr. Eugen Skula became the...
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Controlled Alcohol Consumption : Current use in the outpatients facilities
Staš, Filip ; Barták, Miroslav (advisor) ; Petruželka, Benjamin (referee)
BACKGROUND: Increased health, social and economic risks related to alcohol consumption affect almost a fifth of the population of the Czech Republic, while the availability of outpatient professional care in particular is insufficient. Controlled alcohol consumption can expand the spectrum of treatment interventions. However, its current spread is not mapped. AIMS: To map and analyze the current expansion and form of use of the therapeutic method of controlled alcohol consumption in outpatient facilities in the Czech Republic. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews with 10 communication partners working in outpatient facilities and their thematic analysis in MAXQDA software. Subsequently, the creation of hypotheses, followed by an online questionnaire survey with the resulting set of 85 respondents from outpatient facilities. Hypothesis testing in Statistica MAIN RESULTS: Controlled alcohol consumption is most often described in the form of a set of rules and used as an intermediate step towards an abstinence, with which 69 % of respondents agreed. 53 % of respondents agreed with the concept in a form of alternative to abstinence. 64 % of respondents consider the approach suitable especially in low- threshold services. The majority (64 %) of the involved outpatient facilities allow their clinets to...
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Prevalence and patterns of alcohol use among members of prison services in Prague
Kořínková, Markéta ; Felix, Ondřej (advisor) ; Barták, Miroslav (referee)
Background: The Prison Officers in Czech Republic are classified as high-risk in terms of alcohol abuse, mostly because of challenging and stresfull working environment. Work exhaustion and the challenging situatons could lead to development of alcohol-related problems. However, this topic is in the sphere of the military forces taboo mainly due to fears of termination of employment. Objectives: The main objective of this diploma thesis is to map and describe the degree of risk patterns of alcohol use among Prison Officers in Czech Republic. The second objective of the thesis is to compare individual departments and length of service in connection with alcohol use. Methods: In the research we used quantitative methods which included a questionnaire survey. The non-proportional statistical sampling was used during the research with set of selected 249 respondents. The analysis of the questionnaire was carried out using descriptive statistical methods. Results: According to the questionaire results; more than a fifth of respondents, are at high risk or at direct risk to become addicted to alcohol. Furthermore, the results shows that the officers with highest risk of alcohol addiction are from the detention department or those who are at the beginning of their careers, i.e. they have a temporary...
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Social work with substance users in Karlovy Vary Region from the point of view of social workers
Belasová, Martina ; Barták, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mičíková, Lucia (referee)
Introductions: The diploma thesis deals with the quality of social services for people at risk addicted or dependent on addictive substances in the Karlovy Vary Region from the perspective of social workers who work with these persons in the Karlovy Vary Region in contact centers and in outreach programs. For people at risk of addiction or dependent on addictive substances in the Karlovy Vary Region, social services for people over 15 years of age work well, as well as two aftercare clinics run by the non-profit organization Kotec o.p.s. and an addiction clinic run by the organization Světlo Kadaň z.s. The respondents with whom the research was carried out for the needs of this diploma thesis stated that it would be necessary to establish at least eight additional services for the mentioned group in the Karlovy Vary Region. Aim: The aim of the thesis was to map how the quality of social services for people at risk of addiction or addicted to addictive substances in the Karlovy Vary region is perceived by social workers who work with this target group in contact centers and in field programs in the territory of the Karlovy Vary region. Methods: Data were obtained using a semistructured personal or telephone interview. The record sheet contained five areas, on the basis of which the goal of the...
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Media portrayal of alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic
Jarmarová, Anna ; Barták, Miroslav (advisor) ; Rogalewicz, Vladimír (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the media portrayal of alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic in the period from March 12 to May 17, 2020. In the theoretical part, attention is paid to the definition of basic concepts related to the issue of alcohol. Attention was also focused on a brief presentation of the COVID-19 disease and its effects on mental health, including the impact of alcohol use during the pandemic. Finally, I focused on the media's division, function, and influence on the recipient of information. The work aimed to find out how the topic of alcohol was presented during the state of emergency, what was the media's interpretation in connection with the use of alcohol, and the restriction of its availability (as part of protective and crisis measures), whether the news differed in various regional mutations and how it presented "online" drinking during a declared state of emergency. I obtained the research file through deliberate purposeful selection. All media content related to alcohol was obtained through Newton Media monitoring. The total number of these communications was 3,014, of which 591 were in print, radio, and television. These media releases were subjected to a detailed examination, during which a total of 198 of them were discarded. I chose...
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Drug use among skateboardists
Kačer, Amalie ; Petruželka, Benjamin (advisor) ; Barták, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of substance abuse among skateboarders. I assumed that marijuana is more used among skateboarders. In the Czech Republic there is almost no publication on this topic. In foreign studies we read that substance use is higher among adolescents who play extreme sports. Furthermore, foreign authors state that substance use and skateboarding are independent manifestations of masculinity. The aim of my bachelor thesis is to analyze and describe the role of substance abuse in skateboarding subculture. In this thesis I decided to take a qualitative approach, where I collected data through semi-structured interviews. The research sample consists of six men. The results are divided according to the research questions into five categories and the last sixth category deals with the analysis of the CAST questionnaire. The results show that skateboarding is taken as a lifestyle in the first place, then skateboarding is described as an organized sport. The results also show that marijuana has a role to play and is closely linked to the skateboarding subculture. Other illicit substances are used sporadically and are attributed to individuals rather than to the subculture as a whole. Motivations for use vary from substance to substance. The results further suggest that...
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