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Moral and legal aspects of the early stage of human life
Barilik, Igor ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
Moral and legal aspects of the early stage of human life The presented thesis discusses normative aspects of the early stage of human life, especially in regard to the problem of embryo-destructive research. It places the discussion in the factual and normative context of the Czech society. It discusses moral questions raised in international literature. The author applies the knowledge to the Czech situation and recommends that further discussion focus on the objective understanding of the value of human life, as well as on rule-utilitarian considerations.
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Environment as a determinant of criminal behaviour
Barilik, Igor Nikolaj ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Gřivna, Tomáš (referee) ; Holcr, Květoň (referee)
The dissertation discusses topics in environmental criminology, which is concerned with crime in relation to the environment where it occurs. The environmental approach is based upon a premise that occurrence of crime in space is neither random nor uniform. On the contrary, various types and forms of criminal activity tend to concentrate in certain places during certain times. Environmental characteristics play an important role in behaviour of individuals, hence it is possible to analyse them as one of the most important determinants of criminal behaviour. The aim of the thesis is to comprehensively introduce to the Czech and Slovak legal and criminological scholarship historical background, development and the main contemporary theoretical approaches in environmental criminology, as well as their implications and utilization in crime analysis and crime prevention. The theoretical part discusses in detail rational choice perspective, routine activity approach and crime pattern theory as an environmental meta-theory. The analytical part introduces the basics of the methods of crime mapping and geographical profiling. It also demonstrates how statistical and mapping techniques can be utilized in practice, using a set of police data concerning thefts from motor vehicles in Prague during the first...
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Moral and legal aspects of the early stage of human life
Barilik, Igor ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
Moral and legal aspects of the early stage of human life The presented thesis discusses normative aspects of the early stage of human life, especially in regard to the problem of embryo-destructive research. It places the discussion in the factual and normative context of the Czech society. It discusses moral questions raised in international literature. The author applies the knowledge to the Czech situation and recommends that further discussion focus on the objective understanding of the value of human life, as well as on rule-utilitarian considerations.
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Culpable homicide - Selected issues of investigation and legal classification of cases of culpable homicide in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Barilik, Igor Nikolaj ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
CULPABLE HOMICIDE Selected aspects of investigation and legal qualification of culpable homicides in the Czech Republic and Slovakia The presented Master's degree thesis deals with the topic of culpable homicide, as defined in the newly re-codified Czech and Slovak Penal Codes, and interpreted by the Czech and Slovak criminal law doctrine. Selected aspects of homicide investigation are also discussed, with the aim at the significant impact of the immediate crime scene and deceased victim's body inspections on the legal qualification of an act of homicide. Theoretical discussion is furthered with case analyses. Chapter One examines the newly adopted Czech and Slovak legislation concerning the classification of crimes punishing homicide. Both doctrines divide the act of culpable homicide in the two possible groups according to the offender's state of mind affecting the criminal conduct: wilful and negligent homicide. The new Czech Penal Code recognizes the crime of murder as wilful homicide, with more severely punishable sub-category of premeditated murder, and privileged sub-category of infanticide; and the crime of manslaughter, which is also wilful homicide, but committed under certain mitigating circumstances. Negligent homicide can be considered as the qualified crime of battery resulting in...
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