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Surface runoff generation and its erosion processes
Kalibová, Jana ; Kovář, Pavel (advisor) ; Štibinger, Jakub (referee)
Research of model simulations of hydrological data for water resources studies and field and laboratory experiments testing the effectiveness of erosion control geotextiles using rainfall simulators is summarized in this dissertation. The results of the research have been used to suggest a water regime optimisation in the catchment of a former mining pit Medard-Libík. Although agricultural and forestry reclamation measures have been applied, rill erosion still appears on some slopes within the catchment. The soil loss and sediment transport result in the deterioration of the crop yield, cause damage on the road and drainage systems and also influence the quality of water in the lake arising by flooding the former mining pit.
The first part of the dissertation provides a review on surface runoff and its erosion processes. Next, bio-technical erosion control measures on slopes are summarised. The third part of the dissertation is devoted to a simulation of surface runoff on a model slope in the Medard Catchment. The main aim was to test whether the KINFIL model is suitable for the simulation of the effectiveness of erosion control geotextiles and suggest an appropriate erosion control measures for the eroded slopes in the Medard Catchment.
The KINFIL model seems to be a useful tool to quantify the effectiveness of individual erosion control products and measures in order to find the most convenient option. The simulations carried out in the dissertation corresponded to the results of field and laboratory experiments testing the impact of geotextiles on surface runoff and soil erosion published earlier.
A well-balanced rainfall-runoff regime in the Medard Catchment would increase the stability of the landscape, reduce the cost of restoration of the damage caused by erosion to road and drainage systems and improve the water quality by elimination of the sediment transport. The results of this dissertation may be offered to the public administration or private stakeholders to control erosion within the reclamation of areas affected by mining activities.
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Impact of rainwater management on mitigation of hydrological extremes
Pešková, Jitka ; Štibinger, Jakub (advisor) ; Miroslav, Miroslav (referee)
This dissertation deals with the impact of rainwater harvesting on mitigation of hydrological extremes. Due to the fact that it is a very broad topic that cannot be completely elaborated, the work targets selected aspects of this issue. The work is divided into two parts. The first part is divided into the following five chapters: The water in the landscape, Water regime, Hydrological extremes, Water regime adjustment and Legislation. These chapters summarize available worldwide knowledge about rainwater harvesting both in the landscape and in urbanized areas with a focus on mitigation of extreme hydrological phenomena (floods - drought), including legislative security of water management on national and EU level.
The second part of the thesis is compiled in the form of an annotated set of four scientific studies, whose results were presented in articles published in scientific journals. The first study targets the efficiency of torrent control (hydro-technical point of view and migration of water fauna). The second study focuses on the territory of the Morava River floodplains, where negative impacts of floods and droughts appear repetitively. The study solves the hydrological balance of the area using the WBCM-7 model. The third study focuses on computation method of the retention drainage capacity in the agricultural area drained by subsurface pipe drainage system. The last paper describes a new application of the Fourier series for detailed simulation of the runoff on a catchment in the dry periods. Within the thesis, these studies have been interconnected by explanatory comments.
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Influence of targeted grassing in part of the waterdhed on nitrate concentrations trend in drainage and subsurface waters
Zajíček, Antonín ; Štibinger, Jakub (advisor) ; Vymazal, Jan (referee)
Water quality in small agricultural slopy catchments in Bohemian - Moravian highlands is often threatened by high nitrate concentration and nitrogen loads from diffusive agricultural sources. The main goal of this thesis was to get a practical evidence for findings obtained in the Czech Republic and abroad by statistical approaches concerning the profoundly mitigative effects that grassing certain catchment areas has on the nitrate burden in drainage and surface waters. The research was conducted mainly in the Dehtáře experimental catchment, where part of the recharge area with an area of 4.6 ha, has been grassed since the hydrological year 2007. Together with long-term monitoring of nitrate leaching in subcatchments with different land use in recharge and discharge are, drainage runoff generation and composition were surveyed in order to find knowledge about the recharge area placement and its importance for drainage water quality. The possibility of using the continuous measurement of water temperature for drainage runoff separation was also tested. The results presented show that nitrate concentration values in drainage water were influenced the most by the land use of the recharge zones within the drainage subcatchment. While permanent grassland placed directly in the drained area (corresponding to the catchment discharge zone) did not show any influence, the grassing focused on the catchment recharge area demonstrated a significant decrease in both, NO3 concentrations and N loads. Approximately one year after grassing, the long-term course of nitrates concentrations changed direction and became decreasing in sites with completely or partly grassed recharge zone, while in sites without land use change), the nitrate concentrations trend remains increasing or the stagnation was found. Decreases by 32% was detected in systematic drainage subsystem, which recharge area was completely grassed. The nitrate-nitrogen leaching decreased after grassing in recharge area of the drainage system by 23%. These findings can be generalised for slopy agricultural catchments with common land use in soil environments formed on crystalline rocks. The acquired findings are of high importance for improving the water quality of small streams as well as groundwater in agriculturally exploited areas, for planning protective zones within large catchments of potable water reservoirs, and also for protecting small local surface or groundwater sources of potable water.
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Hydrological extremes from the viewpoint of public administration and the public in the Czech Republic
Hyrčová, Lucie ; Štibinger, Jakub (advisor) ; Hrabalíková, Michaela (referee)
The Diploma thesis deals with the topic of hydrological extremes from a public administration and a general public point of view. The literary researches defines present manners of economy process with rainwater in urbanised and open landscape. This part focuses on extreme phenomena and their characteristics in case of floods and droughts in Czech Republic. The thesis also mentions causes of unsustainability of current methods of drainage and talks about the legislation that regulates management of rainwater. It also provides description of multiple variants of regulatory water management measures aimed at rainwater retention and infiltration in urbanized areas.
The practical part is focused on the survey (using a questionnaire) of perception of rainwater management and extreme hydrological phenomena by public administration and the general public in the Czech Republic.
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Drainage facilities in the country - the draft land drainage ornamental numery
Kohoutek, Michal ; Štibinger, Jakub (advisor) ; David, David (referee)
My work deals with the design of land drainage of ornamental nursery, located in a small village in the district of Kolín - Malotice near the town Zásmuky. This study contains four drainage design options that are based on the evaluation of geodetic data, infiltration test pits data (method of filled test pit, single test pit method), hydro-technical calculations of detailed drainage system, functional objects on the drainage network, the financial evaluation of individual proposals and overall evaluation by means of a SWOT analysis.
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SUDS Application
Němeček, Roman ; Štibinger, Jakub (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of rainwater management in a family house.
It is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains a literary research pertaining to legislature in the outlined field, describes current solutions to rainwater management as well as history of this issue and explains reasons for it is growing importance on a general scope.
The practical part of the thesis contains assessment of factors influencing the acquisition costs as well as the system maintenance costs. Three versions of the system are in consideration taking intoaccount the number of persons occupying the family house. Factual financial costs are calculated allowing for water saving where the rainwater can be utilized for i.e. washing clothes or toilet flushing. The balance sheet partly contains the calculation of financialreturnability. The house that served as the subject of this thesis is located in in the author is domicile in the village of Arnoltice, Děčín district.
The final part of the thesis summarizes the treated issue and explains it is importance not only from the financial point of view but mainly from the perspective ofits favourable impact on natural environment.
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Design of a resolution of capacity problems in urban drainage system with applying the latest SuDs approaches
Petrů, Petr ; Štibinger, Jakub (advisor) ; Synáčková, Marcela (referee)
This thesis deals with a capacity problem with the sewage system in the city of Ceska Skalice in the Czech Republic. With the knowledge of the sustainable drainage urban system (SuDs) a technical solution of dealing with the insufficient capacity of the sewage system without having to change the sewage system can be designed. This thesis first of all, describes what SuDs is and how this particular system is applicated within the Czech Republic. There is also description of the stormwater and its impact on sewage system in the urban areas. The second part of the work contains case study of applying chosen SuDs solution to solve the problem in the Ceska Skalice sewage system. There is the comparison of the condition of the sewage system beforehand and after applying the SuDs. The concluding part of the thesis presents the results however, pros and cons of using the SuDs approach to improve better urban drainage system.
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