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Pre-Lenten Gospel antiphons as testimony of chant traditions of medieval Europe
Škoviera, Samuel ; Eben, David (advisor) ; Baťa, Jan (referee)
The presented work deals with the research of the Gospel antiphons of the pre-Lenten period of the liturgical year. Its main goal is, based on the antiphon variation, to reveal different choral traditions and to contribute to the understanding of the spread of the choral repertoire in medieval Europe. Similar to the post-Pentecost period (i.e. after the feast of the descent of the Holy Spirit), also in the pre-Lenten period, there are series of antiphons in the sources (an- tiphonaries, breviaries or tonars) that reflect the Sunday pericope of the Gospel. These antiphons were then sung at various places in the service - at vespers ad Magnificat, at matins in the third nocturne, at lauds ad Benedictus and at minor hours. Similar to the case of gospel antiphons of the post-Pentecosten period (Eben and Demská, n.d.), antiphons of this type have the potential to document various choral traditions of me- dieval Europe, based on the repertoire of antiphons in individual sources, their textual, but also melodic-modal variation. The methodology of the work is as follows. First of all, we determined the source sample according to diversity and availability - here we mainly reflect provenance, pe- riod of creation/use and cursus (monastic/secular). These manuscripts are divided into five geographical groups:...
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The expression of the spatial category of vector on verbs - a typological study
Škoviera, Samuel ; Elšík, Viktor (advisor) ; Křivan, Jan (referee)
The spatial properties of languages are one of the core topics among cognitive lin- guists. Our attention will be focused on just one spatial property - the so-called vector. It is a spatial category expressing the direction and/or basic shape of the path of motion. The vector has been given more attention within noun phrases expressed by cases, prepositions or postpositions, where it is more apparent. Our main concern, however, will be directed at the expression of this particular category on verbs. The current thesis has the form of a pilot study done on three languages from different parts of the world and language families: Standard Mandarin Chinese, German and Manambu (East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea). Utilising a basic typological method of comparing the reference grammars of selected languages, we focus on the existence of this phenomenon, type and position of the marker, semantic-functional distinction and cumulation with other grammatical categories. The main part of the thesis is the thorough analysis of vector as a part of spatial system in each language. In the last part we compare the behaviour of the vector and according to our findings we present the typological results. Keywords space, motion, path, vector, direction, typology, semantics, verbs of motion, verb complex, verbal...
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