|
Biodiversity of the Chile and international cooperation on its protection
Kuncová, Klára ; Opatrný, Josef (referee) ; Vágner, Jiří (advisor)
Biodiversity conservation is one of environmental topics of our times. It's important to use the foreign cooperation to develop the Sustainable Development concept especially for developing countries where the biological variety is the richest. Chile started to take part in the international biodiversity projects in the 1980's and since 1990's is ever more active in this matter. Chile is now being signatary of all main global agreements, free trade agreements where environmental cooperation is stated and cooperates with other countries in the region. Chile, though, has certain problems in fulfilling the obligations implying from the signed agreements. Biggest flaws are found especially in the law abidance control. There is successful multilateral regional cooperation. In order to begin effective bilateral environmental cooperation is first important to resolve the long term arguments especially with Peru and Bolivia. This text brings summary of development and current Chilean biodiversity status in Czech. It also presents documents, multi- and bilateral projects of foreign cooperation which take part in improving Chilean biodiversity situation.
|
|
Populačně genetická struktura pstruha obecného jako základ úspěšného obhospodařování lososových vod ve střední Evropě
KOHOUT, Jan
The genetic structure of 25 wild populations and five hatchery stocks from Czech Republic and Slovakia were analysed using mitochondrial (control region) and nuclear DNA (microsatellites, LDH-C1*) markers to elucidate the impact of stocking on central European populations of brown trout and to outline further management strategies. It seems that stocking practices have caused massive hybridisation between the Atlantic and Danube brown trout populations in the middle Danube basin and have led to a loss of among-population genetic variability in Slovakia and Moravia. Certain effect of stocking was detected also in the upper Danube, Vistula, Oder and Elbe River basins. However, the populations from the Elbe River basin keep certain level of among-population variability and seem to be less affected by stocking in comparison with the Danube River basin populations. There are some indications of late or post-Pleistocene penetration of the Atlantic basin trout to the Danube River basin. However, it is not clear to which extent the natural contact participated to the present distribution of Atlantic haplotypes and alleles in the Danube River basin. Samples from lower parts of the Danube River basin were therefore analysed using the same mitochondrial and microsatellite markers. Samples from Aegean Sea basin were included in order to reveal genetic variability of eastern Balkan populations and to estimate an impact of stocking in this area. Very low levels of introgression from Atlantic and other non-indigenous trout were found in the eastern Balkan populations. The genetic differentiation among the populations is substantially higher in this area compared to the central European populations. The populations in headwaters of the Otava River (Elbe River basin) were analysed using microsatellites in order to reveal origin of these populations and evaluate the current management strategies of brown trout in Šumava National Park and Protected Landscape Area. The analysed populations were substantially differentiated from the remaining Elbe River basin populations and there was also certain level of genetic structure within trout from the headwaters of the Otava River associated with isolation by a migration barrier and geographic distance. However, stocking with hatchery trout also contributed to the pattern of genetic variability. The population of Borová Lada hatchery, which is used for stocking in Šumava exhibited higher genetic variability compared to the wild populations and it seems to be of heterogeneous origin. Comparisons of the analysed populations with populations from other areas and results from other studies indicated that mtDNA haplotypes from the lower Danube River and southern Black Sea basins differ considerably from a subclade of the Danubian lineage consisting of haplotypes found so far in the most of the Danube River basin and in the Caspian and Aral Sea basins. The results thus evidence a complex evolutionary history of brown trout in the southern and western parts of the Black Sea basin.
|
|
Health protection at work, legislative measures
Tomíšková, Radka ; Kneidlová, Monika (advisor)
Health at work (occupational health) are characterized as physical, mental, and social well-being at work. The requirement to ensure that value in terms of economic efforts increasing the quantity and quality of production, while minimizing its costs, not in everyday the reality of business practices perceived as a priority despite the economic analysis shows that rational health workers is approximately one tenth the cost of financial economic loss caused by occupational accidents and diseases associated with the work. In the Czech Republic are quantified losses annually due to occupational accidents and CZK 25 billion occupational diseases CZK 2.5 billion. Increasingly growing belief that health and safety at work (occupational health and safety) primarily focused on the prevention of health risks and the protection and promotion of health has a positive economic effect on the national and enterprise level. Worker health (healthy worker) is essential to effective job performance for employers. Health workers should be adequately protected, but the long-term maintenance ability and adequate performance at work, along with the requirement to preserve health at work requires not only the "passive" form, but active approach called concept health promotion. (3) In the Czech Republic the health and safety at...
|
|
Alternative possibilities of financing of the czech pension system
Vránková, Martina ; Weberová, Jana (advisor)
This bachelor's work points out the possible negative impact of the ageing population in the Czech Republic on the pensions system. If the current state of financing the old-age pensions were to be sustained it is in danger of longterm untenability. The proposed change of financing the czech pension system is based upon general reccomendations of various world organisations engaged in the pension area and from comparing pension reforms executed in Slovakia, Poland, Hungary and Slovenia.
|
|
Issues of landscape conservation and mineral resources on the example of unregulated mining moldavites
HANUŠOVÁ, Judita
This work investigates the impact of illegal logging moldavites on selected environmental components. The aim was to assess the significance of adverse effects according to established criteria and subsequent evaluation. The assessment process was conducted in the village Slavče in South Bohemia in the period from April 2008 to March 2011. Adverse effects were evaluated mostly as long-term, but with the possible return to its original state. The work is to propose measures to improve the situation.
|
|
Analysis of domestic violence within families in Písek
VANÍČKOVÁ, Adéla
This diploma thesis deals with analysis of domestic violence in families in Písek and its surroundings. The main topic of this work is to map the issue and the dynamic of domestic abuse commited on women in Písek and its surroundings. The topic of this work was chosen with regard to my work orientation. I am working as a social worker in the organization NADĚJE. The mission of this organization is to help people who find themselves in difficult social situations. Among the clients are often found abused women. First half of theoretic part is dedicated to term definition domestic violence and its development. Till 1990, the domestic abuse has been perceived as personal matter. The radical turn came between 1990 2000, when the debates and discussion started through media. The public changed its mind and it was acknowledged that domestic violence repesent serious society wide problem that needs to be in centre of attention. The second half of theoretic part works with domestic violence cycle and descibes more detailed possible effects on victims. The attention is paid to law aspects of domestic abuse. The practical part of this thesis maps the dynamic of domestic violence commited on women in Písek and surroundings. To ensure the necessary information has been used qualitative research. A methodology of interviews and for key data collection technique was chosen the form of interview with using the instructions according Hendl. Research was attended by 11 women from the Pisek region, who lived with the aggressor at least 3 years. The main objective was to explore the issues and dynamics of domestic violence against women in Písek and its surroundings. Research questions were focused on the physical, psychological and socio-economic violence, "Institute of ejection" and the reasons why the interviewed women stay with the aggressor in the same household. On the basis of frame analysis that was carried out, and interpretation were induced these theoretical concepts: 1. The forms of any kind of violence are belittled and excused. The victims of domestic abuse learn how to live with the aggressor and his behaviour and accept it as part of their life. 2. The women as victims of domestic violence are aware that it has negative impacts on the children who are present in most of the cases, but they do anything to change. 3. Most of the battered women agree that their partner gets easily jealous and nags or humiliates them frequently. 4. The victims are not in touch with their families and friends that confirms the social isolation. 5. The knowledge of "Institute of ejection" is very low. 6. Prolonged exposure to domestic violence has a negative impact on self-esteem of women as victims.
|
|
Elektronické mýtné - využití pro řízení dopravy v intravilánu
Složil, Jiří
This thesis is focused on the Electronic toll system as a regulatory action for traffic management. All sorts of transportation have detrimental effects on the environment and ultimately the public health. Therefore, the mail aim of the thesis is to evaluate the effectiveness of electronic toll systems as a tool for traffic regulation within cities. To this end a comparison of available technologies by several criteria is presented and optimal solutions including the order of preference of specific technologies are suggested. Modern electronic toll systems enable variable setting of the toll amounts to reflect specific needs of particular towns and cities such as reduction of vehicle entry, noise or emissions as well as congestions of traffic and other issues. The text is accompanied by examples of possible traffic management by the means of an electronic toll system.
|
|
Vztah akademické poctivosti a ekonomických ukazatelů států EU
Surovec, Martin
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to determine whether there are correlations between economic indicators of EU countries and academic honesty, and to explain the existing correlations. In the first part the author focuses on the issue of academic dishonesty and economic indicators, which form the basis for the practical part. In the practical part are used data from the project IPPHEAE and correlation analysis of economic indicators and academic honesty just as sub-criteria of academic honesty is carried out. The result of the research is confirmation of the existence of correlations and their clarification. The most interesting result was a negative correlation of academic honesty and a difference between wages of secondary educaated and university-educated people.
|
|
Investigation of chlamydia urogenital tract
BENDOVÁ, Radka
The subject of this bachelor paper is chlamydiae examination in urogenital tract via the method of cultivation. The aim of this paper is to test the cultivation method of diagnosis Chlamydia trachomatis on a tissue of culture, to evaluate the outcome according to individual criteria in a given period and to compare the outcome with the literary data. The virology laboratory in hospital in České Budějovice, a.s. Is equiped for the culture tissue preparation and for this method they use uncommon line of cells BGM, which is not commonly used in the world. In this department this line has proven and so they use it since 1985, when they received it. This paper informs about the present situation of chlamydiae, their clasification according to phylogenetic and genome bacterial analysis, about their occurence, growth cycle and multiplication. The paper also focuses on chlamydiae infections divided into ocular and urogenital infection and their treatment. The overview of present issues is finished by the methods of evidence, direct and indirect evidence. In the direct evidence there are described the issue cultures their preparation and cultivation. This method was verified in the practical part of my bachelor paper. For this bachelor paper I was provided with samples from urogenital tract which were evaluated in three categories: positive, negative and imposible to evaluate (samples were overgrown with bacteria or yeast cells and it was imposible to evaluate them). They were mostly smears from urethra and cervix (at women) or from urethra only (at men). The number of all samples was 159 and they were examined during the period from 18th October to 5th December 2011. Chlamydiae grew on issue cultures for 48 hours and then they were died with modified colouring Macchiavella. 127 examples (79.9%) coloured by this technique were evaluated from the total number. Ambiguous samples were coloured by the monoclonal antidote against Chlamydia trachomatis. 32 samples (20.1%) were coloured using this technique from the total number.I also evaluated the samples according to age. Unusually high was positivity (42.2%) at women at the age of 26-46. Which includes the highest number of samples (54.2%) of women from the total number. It mostly concerned pacients with gynaecological difficulties who were never examined and treated or they had a chronical infection which can be treated with difficulties and inclinates to relapse. At men the highest number of samples (56.1%) from the total number was at the age of 26-46 but only 13% were positive. The difference is given by the size of samples and also at men the occurence of chronical infection is less common.
|
|
EU approach to the solution of unemployment
Sýkorová, Zuzana ; Jeníček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Potužáková, Zuzana (referee)
Práce na tému "Přístup EU k řešení nezaměstnanosti" se v teoretické části soustředí na definici pojmu nezaměstnanost, charakterizování hlavních druhů nezaměstnanosti a měření nezaměstnanosti. Praktická část obsahuje výčet možností, kterými se dá nezaměstnanost eliminovat. Jedná se o přijaté dlouhodobé programy, které podporují všechny země EU. Práce se snažila ukázat, že nezaměstnanost je jevem, který s sebou přináší negativní ekonomické a sociální důsledky a patří k největším problémům tržních ekonomik, ale také jsou v ní popsány možnosti snížení nezaměstnanosti.
|
guest ::
