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The use of conserved microsatellite locus for the study of the population structure of afromontain birds
 Franková, Martina ; Munclinger, Pavel (advisor) ; Bartáková, Veronika (referee)
The Sky islands are alpine habitats that are geographically separated by the surrounding lowlands. These dynamic systems affect species distribution and population structure. They are also generators of diversity with a high degree of endemism and offer considerable potential to explore how different evolutionary processes lead to species formation. This work was focused on the analysis of the population structure of six species of songbirds living on the Sky islands of the Cameroon volcanic line. Conservative microsatellite loci were used for this analysis. I tested 17 conservative loci, each of them was amplified in at least 4 species. Reduced polymorphism is unlikely affected by genetic distance, but by phenomena such as genetic bottleneck, founder effect, or long-term inbreeding. Despite the higher incidence of null alleles and lower locus variability, I was able to use the data in population studies. Among the populations of endemic species Cyanomitra oritis and Arizelocichla tephrolaema, I detected an increase in genetic differentiation and near- zero gene flow between the sky islands. Conversely, species with wide distribution of Cinnyris reichenowi and Linurgus olivaceus showed extensive gene flow between sky islands. Partial isolation in sky islands was detected in Cryptospiza reichenovii and...
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