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Legal regime of Marine Biodiversity Conservation in Areas beyond National Jurisdiction
Majovská, Barbara ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Derlich, Stanislav (referee)
The seabed has long been an unexplored area and we still do not have all the information about its environment. In the second half of the 20th century, the development of technology allowed a better exploration of the seabed. There have been discovered seamounts, hydrothermal vents and other formations. Around these formations there are rich ecosystems that are currently threatened by mining, deep-sea fishing, bioprospecting and deep-sea tourism. Most of the seabed is beyond the area of national jurisdiction and currently there is no legal convention aimed at protecting this area. This thesis explains the concept of biodiversity, its significance and threats. The main legal instruments for the protection of the seabed biodiversity are analysed. These include the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the so-called Constitution for the oceans. At the time of the adoption of this Convention, activities on the seabed were still being developed. The UNCLOS Convention therefore regulates only the activities of exploration for and exploitation of the resources on the seabed beyond national jurisdiction, in the Area. The importance of the UNCLOS Convention for the protection of the marine environment was therefore limited. Due to the activities of The International Seabed Authority and The...
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