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The structural and the fundamental mechanical properties of intermatallics on the base of TiAl
Krahula, Karel ; Dlouhý, Ivo
Gamma TiAl alloys are emerging as a pervasive structural material. Remarkable progresses have been made through refining lamellar microstructure and grains, microalloying, chemistry modification, process development and/or their combination. The main thrust was to enhance resistance to creep deformation, oxidation and high cycle fatigue deformation/failure. Less or even no knowledge have been obtained in the field of the intermetalics fracture at uniaxial or bending loading, there are missing data about their behaviour at the presence of cracks and other defects. The reason is simply in the other properties that are key from application point of view. Due to their brittleness at temperature close to room temperature the investigation of the intermetalics fracture is complicated but promissible provided it bring ideas for the further development of the alloying and microstructure. The paper is focused on the first steps in this field.
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Extraction of beta-Sitosterol from the Stinging Nettle Root with Supercritical CO2
Sajfrtová, Marie ; Bártlová, Milena ; Sovová, Helena
The stinging nettle root contains both polar and non-polar biologically active substances. beta-Sitosterol (BS), the most important component of its neutral lipids, is active in the root extracts used for various alternative medicine treatments, including the reduction of enlarged prostate. Dry roots contaning 0.28 g/kg BS were extracted with CO2 at pressure 12-60 MPa and temperature 40-80 C. Though the maximum yield of BS was only 89 %, its concentration in extract was increased by 13 % compared to the extraction with hexane. Changing vials where the CO2 extract was collected, fractions with double and higher BS concentration could be obtained. The fractionation was simulated using a mathematical kinetic model of multicomponent extraction.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22013110513041 - PDF
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Thermal plasma gasification of organic waste and biomass
Hrabovský, Milan
The paper presents description of thermal plasma gasification processes. Analysis of energy balances of plasma gasification is presented, kinetics of the gasification process is discussed and relations between particle size, reaction temperature and gasification rate are analyzed. Examples of results of gasification of biomass and pyrolysis oil from used tires are given. Syngas with high heating value, high hydrogen content and low tar contamination is produced by plasma gasification.
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An Experimental Assesment of Changes to the Size Distribution of Ammonium Nitrate Under Isothermal Conditioning
Talbot, Nicholas ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Ždímal, Vladimír
Results show that for 50nm ammonium nitrate particles, 70-80% losses were recorded through the evaporation chamber. The least volatile was found to be 200nm particulate at 15°C. Generally, at 25°C the greatest reactions were found as was expected from prior research, however an overall increase in particulate concentration at 100nm for all temperature regimes was surprising. Possible multiple physiochemical transformations during transportation through the evaporator, along with activation of impurities within the water could explain these particle gains. The lack of humidity data, inter- transportation temperature profiling and lateral gas measurements limit the effectiveness of this study.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22013101814592 - PDF
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A new construction of rotor of helium expansion turbine
Dupák, Jan ; Hanzelka, Pavel ; Michalička, Petr ; Tuček, L. ; Ustohal, V.
The aim of our work was to develop a rotor of the expansion turbine designed for a helium liquefier that would enable operation in different modes and achieving of the desired effectiveness at same time. For meeting theserequirements the rotor should enable precise operation of the turbine in the range of 140 000 to 350 000 rqm at minimum heat flow to the low-temperature part of the turbine. Considering the low thermal conductivity and a high strength, the low-temperature part was made of VT3-1 titanium alloy. This contribution is focused mainly on problems of creation of mechanically strong and thermally resistant joint of this part of the rotor with the part working at room temperature.
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