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Usage of Bobath´s concept in adults
BUDÍNOVÁ, Kamila
The thesis is focused on Berta and Karel Bobath´s kinesiotherapeutical approach {--} Bobath´s concept. Bobath´s concept is diagnostic-therapeutical approach which deals with problems of patients with disorders of function, movement and postural control due to a lesion of the central nervous system. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the clarifying of basic terms as: the history and the development of the concept, the theory of motor control, the problems of patients with the stroke, individual therapeutical tools of the concept, and a current view of Bobath´s concept.The goal of the thesis is to detect what is the current knowledge of this approach in physiotherapeuthical society. There was used the quantitative research method, the questioning survey with using the questionnaire. Target group of physiotherapists was 52.
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Information and communication technologies in energetics
Stavinoha, Jakub ; Škoda, Jan (referee) ; Baxant, Petr (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the information and communication technologies used in the energetic. Problematic areas in energetic which are regulation, metering, control of waste minimalizations, expense and maximalization of earnings. These aspects lead to implementing expert systems, which have to process this bulk of information necessary for increasing efficiency and economization of single processes. Systems used in practice have their own hierarchical structure, where every application requires specific access of selection of used components that suit to the application. First of all it is about acceptable device selection in single level of the system: metering and regulation, data acquisition out of the process and informative layer. Suitable choice flowing from previous, already settled up application is possible to reach maximum efficiency of the whole system. In the thesis there are introduced systems used in practice and possibilities of increase the effectiveness of generation, transmission and distribution with ICT usage in distributed power generation. We are mainly talking about upgrade processes joined with power generation of energy, diagnostics, isolation states on the power line and usage of expert systems for distribution.
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Management of Nursing Care for Newborn Using Classification Systems NANDA, NIC and NOC
MICHALOVÁ, Veronika
We have dealt in this thesis with problems of nursing care of the newborn from the perspective of standardized classification systems NANDA, NIC and NOC which offer many opportunities for streamlining, simplifying and improving of the quality of care. The theoretical part of this thesis focuses on nursing care of physiological newborn during the first moments after the birth until leaving hospital. Furthermore, the common nursing language which is included in standardized classification systems NANDA, NIC and NOC.The empirical part of the thesis was prepared with the help of qualitative - quantitative strategy. We chose to collect valid data a research method of content analysis of documents, modelling, thought experiment and a structured interview. The first aim of the research was to identify the use file from various classification systems related to nursing care of physiological newborn. We selected 9 nursing diagnoses from the publication NANDA International Taxonomy II through content analysis, 9 nursing interventions from Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), 5 expected results related to the care of physiological newborn from the publication Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). We worked out a research form and submitted it in the way of a specific questionnaire to the validation of respondents ? who were experts in the field of nursing care of the newborn, it was made from the selected NANDA nursing diagnoses, NIC interventions and expected results of NOC. The second aim was to verify the usability of the selected files from the classification systems NANDA, NIC and NOC in clinical practice. The results of validation of NANDA nursing diagnoses were done by Diagnostic Content Validity Model ? DCV by Fehring. We determined the absolute and relative frequency of their designation within classification systems NIC and NOC. Nurses working at neonatal wards were our basic research populations; we created a targeted selection of two research samples divided by educational attainment. The first research sample consisted of 20 nurses with university education. The second research group was represented by 18 nurses with secondary education. The survey was realised in the time from January to March 2013 in the neonatal wards of the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. Hospital Strakonice, a.s., Hospital Písek, a.s. Our third aim was to determine the attitudes of neonatal nurses to usage of classification systems in daily practice. We focused questions directed to the respondents on the knowledge and source of acquired knowledge, their attitude and possible reasons preventing the implementation of classification systems into clinical practice. The results showed nurses are reluctant to the usage and implementation of new standardized classification systems into clinical practice. The output of this thesis is the basic concept of nursing diagnosis according to NANDA-I, NIC and NOC focused on nursing care of physiological new-born in the area of the Czech Republic. 12 NANDA nursing diagnoses taxonomies was verified with 128 characteristics, 9 NIC nursing intervention taxonomies with 183 activities and 5 results of NOC nursing care with 72 areas of evaluation. There was selected in this survey 100 characteristics of NANDA taxonomy (62 %). It was chosen as being applicable in practice 130 from 9 selected files of NIC (71 %). It was selected 39 indicators (54 %) within 5 files of expected NOC results. The survey brought a lot of interesting information and also revealed even the lacks in the area of nursing care of physiological new-born; research also showed the lack in the area of nursing care of physiological newborn.
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Usage of NANDA II Classification in Nursing Care for Senior Citizens in the Old People´s Home
ČERVENÁ VRÁTNÍKOVÁ, Michaela
Old People´s Homes represent one of the options of caring for senior citizens. They focus on senior citizens over 65 who, due to deterioration of their physical and mental status or unfavourable social situation, need permanent assistance from another person. The role of Old People´s Homes is to enable the clients to spend their old age in a worthy and satisfying way, and to keep and support their self-sufficiency. Senior citizens there are looked after by a multidisciplinary team of experts comprising doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, ergotherapists, attendant care workers and social workers. Nurses in Old People´s Homes work according to standards of nursing and social care, and they work using the method of nursing process. Nursing diagnostics is its integral part. It works on careful collection of information about a client and serves for exact and brief naming of his/her state of health ? current or potencial nursing problem, and subsequently helps to choose appropriate interventions that will lead to maintenance or restitution of client´s health. Theoretical part of the thesis describes ageing and old age, options of caring for senior citizens, care in Old People´s Homes. It also deals with geriatric syndroms, NANDA classification, its history and importance, and making nursing diagnoses.Practical part of the thesis is divided into two parts. The first part aims to discover how NANDA II classification is used in nursing care in Old People´s Homes, and to find out the attitude of nurses in Old People´s Homes to use of NANDA II classification. To reach these objectives, two research questions were asked: ?How do nurses use NANDA II classification?? and ?What is the attitude of nurses to use of NANDA II classification?? The aim of the second part of the research is to discover how education of nurses affects their attitude to use of NANDA II classification. To reach this objective, the following research question was asked: ?How do nurses change their attitude to use of NANDA II classification after the educational training course??To find out the necessary information, the qualitative research, the method of asking questions and true experiment, and the technique of in-depth interview were used. The interviews were recorded on a voice recorder, their exact transcription followed. Data gained from the interviews were processed by the technique of open coding using the method of pencil and paper, and classified into particular categories and subcategories. Education of nurses by giving a presentation in PowerPoint was an integral part of the research investigation.Analysis of data gained from the interviews, which were held before the educational training course, resulted in categories Nursing Process, Nursing Diagnostics and Attitude of Nurses to Nursing Diagnostics; these categories were divided further into particular subcategories. Research investigation showed that nurses had basic knowledge of nursing process and that they used methods of nursing process in their work. However, they had unsatisfactory knowledge of nursing diagnostics, they didn´t regularly work with nursing diagnoses and their attitude to nursing process was mostly negative. Analysis of data from interviews held after the educational training course resulted in the category Change of Attitude of Nurses, which revealed a change of nurses´ attitude after education about NANDA II classification, making nursing diagnoses and its importance. Nurses mostly responded that a properly and exactly defined diagnosis is beneficial for a nurse and client as much as a properly chosen intervention. All five respondents agreed that preconditions of good quality work with nursing diagnoses are to use them in a cohesive way by all nurses, revise them regularly, and promote the knowledge of NANDA II classification and nursing diagnostics among nurses who work in the Old People´s Home.
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Diagnostics of Hypercoagulation Status by D-dimer Concentration Measurement
STIEBLEROVÁ, Romana
In common thrombofilia is the state of the vessel system in arterial, venous or microcirculation part when the probability of thrombs-creation is increased, but thrombs are not present yet. It is the pre-state of thrombotization. Thrombofilia is denoted as hypercoagulation status. Thrombofilia also is a common term for hereditary and acquired prothrombotic states in arterial, venous and microcirculation system. Progress in thrombotic and anticoagulation treatment and high-powered clinical research in pathogenesis together enable the radical progress in modern conception of pathophysiology in clinical diagnostic and introduce usage of very efficient treatments. Results of big multi-central studies show clearly how the precise fibrinolytic and coagulation tests and treatments can help in long-term surviving of patients with thrombosis. The search part of this study shows a summary of last information in pathophysiology and last potentialities in laboratory tests and interpretations focused on clinical exposure and diagnostic of PE and DVT. Inspiration for this study are results published in JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS 10 (7): Penaloza, A., Roy, P. -M., Kline, J., Verschuren, F., Le Gal, G., Quentin-Georget, S. , Delvau, N. , Thys, F. Performance of age-adjusted D-dimer cut-off to rule out pulmonary embolism. 1291-1296, 2012. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04769.x and HAEMATOLOGICA-THE HEMATOLOGY JOURNAL 97(10) Douma, Renee A.; Tan, Melanie; Schutgens, Roger E. G.; et al. Using an age-dependent D-dimer cut-off value increases the number of older patients in whom deep vein thrombosis can be safely excluded. 1507-1513, 201, doi:10.3324/haematol.2011.060657. In this part also the need of Good Laboratory Praxis for pre-analytics extraction and transportation of whole blood samples for coagulation and fibrinolytic tests is highlighted. The practical part of this study covers either the laboratory results aimed to confirm the diagnosis or the results of D-dimer concentration done for preventive reasons and selected in specific files. D dimer is the specific fissile product of fibrin and the presence of D-dimer in plasma testifies the activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis. D-dimer tests were done on the automatic coagulation analyzer ACT Elite Pro. D-dimer test has been done by immunological method based on reaction between antigen and antibody. Analyzer ACL Elite PRO uses nephelometry for detection of blood clogs and reads the intensity of scattered 90° angle light in the sample. Results of sonography are from data stored in hospital information system FONS Akord STAPRO Hospital Jindřichův Hradec a.s. All data were collected in several data-files. This study verificates the hypothesis of predicted difference of D-dimers in patients from preventive file and patients in file with thrombofilia diagnosis. The hypothesis of D-dimer test positivity in venous thrombosis was confirmed as well, D-dimer as a marker of thrombofilia shows an actual activation in-vivo system and increased D-dimer concentration confirmed venous thrombosis DVT together with a positive sonography. The most interesting and the most important result of this study is the confirmation of the hypothesis of using an age-dependent D-dimer cut-off in patients over 50 of age with suspect DVT or/and PE diagnosis. The importance of using an age-dependent D-dimer cut-off was published in articles in JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS 10 (7): Penaloza, A., Roy, P. -M., Kline, J., Verschuren, F., Le Gal, G., Quentin-Georget, S. , Delvau, N. , Thys, F. Performance of age-adjusted D-dimer cut-off to rule out pulmonary embolism. 1291-1296, 2012. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04769.x and HAEMATOLOGICA-THE HEMATOLOGY JOURNAL 97(10) Douma, Renee A.; Tan, Melanie; Schutgens, Roger E. G.; et al. Using an age-dependent D-dimer cut-off value increases the number of older patients in whom deep vein thrombosis can be safely excluded.
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Influence of Deep Stabilization System of the Spine for snoring and sleep apnea syndrome
KOKOŠKOVÁ, Lucie
The Bachelor's thesis questions matter of possibility to decrease apnoic pause or reduce snoring exposures via activation of Deep Stabilization System of the Spine. Findings about sleep, it's particular periods and processes in it, are written in theoretical section. The next topics outlined are snoring issues and sleep apnoe syndrome including available medical options and diagnostical methods. Deep stabilization system, his important structures and ways how to influence it are furthermore described in the text. Three subjects affected by different level of the problem were chosen and resesearched through qualitative method for practical purpose of the thask. Each subject underwent anamneses determination and kinesiology analysis. The procedure was made with usage of polysomnographical apparatus borrowed from Budweis Laboratory of Sleep. To compare results, objects were measured before and after therapy. The final evaluation is inscribed in the practical part of the Bachelor's thesis. Despite performed therapy and Deep Stabilization System of the Spine activation, there were no improvements with the snoring and sleep apnoe syndrome, therefore the thesis has no use in further studying or treatment options. Examined problem has more deeper and complex bases than muscle neck unbalance.
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Computer-administered assessment - ability tests
Klimusová, Helena ; Květon, Petr
The ever increasing application of computer technology in the psychological practise and particulary in psychological assessment raises questions regarding menthological issues of usage of the computer versions of the traditional psychological tests. In our paper we have focused on the comparsion of the computer and the traditional (paper-pencil) form of administration of widely used assessment methods. Amthauer´s Intelligence Structure Test (IST-70) and Kucera´s Attention Concentration Test have been used out of the ability tests.
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Contemporary Influence of Mediums on Preschool Children Play
KRISTOVÁ, Eva
The objective of the thesis is to characterize the influence of contemporary media on the life of pre-school children and to look for ways of eliminating the negative effects. The theoretical part defines the main concepts " medium, media communication, media production and product, media interpretation " and it presents a classification of media; it also characterizes the contemporary media and its effects, as well as the specific nature of the effects at the pre-school age and media instruction. The first part also characterizes the child"s playing at this age as its main activity and as a diagnostic method. The practical part contains the results of a research conducted in order to find out about the influence the children"s usage of the media has on their aggressive behaviour at play.
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Education of pupils with childhood autism
JANTOŠOVÁ, Petra
Legislation currently enables developing teaching methods for every child with special needs taking into account the child's specific possibilities and capabilities. The choice of suitable individual teaching methods and techniques for every child is a major factor of success in education and is equally needed in the education of pupils with childhood autism. The theoretical part of the Bachelor thesis deals with childhood autism in context of autistic spectrum disorders, childhood autism being one of them. The thesis describes the characteristics of this disorder and its variable, not autism-specific features, mentioning diagnostics with regard to teaching pupils suffering from childhood autism and describing a family with an autistic child and its role in education. Increased attention is paid to the possibilities in teaching pupils with child autism within the existing system of education and, above all, to educational methods used with children suffering from this disorder. The aim of the practical part of the thesis was to establish what methods are included in teaching pupils with childhood autism. Another objective was to check the educational techniques applied with this group of pupils in a family setting. A qualitative research has been chosen as the method of gathering information. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews conducted across a selected sample of respondents. Interviews were conducted with two respondent groups using predefined questions. The first group consisted of selected special education teachers educating pupils with childhood autism and the second group was comprised of selected parents whose children suffer from this disorder. The results of the thesis contain processed interviews with selected respondents from both groups, subsequently supported by a well-arranged table. The results of the research provide information about what methods are used to teach pupils with childhood autism in a school and a family setting. The thesis also presents opinions of specialists and parents of autistic children regarding educational techniques and their practical usage and application. The results of the research are subsequently compared mutually and also against specialised information sources. The research performed as part of this thesis revealed that structured teaching is the most frequently included technique in teaching pupils with childhood autism, with each pupil individually, depending on his possibilities and capabilities. Further application of educational methods in teaching pupils with childhood autism matches with what can be found in literature and the theoretical part of the thesis. Apart from structured teaching, educators use methods like global reading when working with this group of pupils, plus elements of problematic behaviour therapy and social skills training, Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), computer software and pictograms. Interviews with parents confirmed that structured teaching is also the most frequently applied technique in a family setting. Parents choose methods according to their children's needs and try following their emotions and what they consider best for their child. Families as well as schools use structured learning on an individual basis as per the child's needs and parents also use the global reading method and computer software. Families, at the same time, commonly use the elements Son-rise method in combination with alternative teaching of Maria Montessori which may be seen as a certain difference to the application of educational methods at schools. No major differences between the family and the school setting have been identified with respect to educational methods used in teaching pupils with childhood autism. This Bachelor thesis provides and insight into the application of teaching methods by families and schools where pupils suffering from childhood autism receive their education.
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