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Design of total station
Rozehnalová, Magda ; Chorý, Tomáš (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
This diploma thesis presents a design solution of a total station. The proposal is processed especially with regard to technical, ergonomic and aesthetic requirements. The main inovation of the proposal lies in a complex ergonomic and aesthetic solution that better reflects modern trends in the field of surveying technology. In comparison to current designs of the device, new proposal of the total station perfectly integrates certain parts of the device, such as a control panel. Since it is a relatively small device, it is important to design all details properly, especially the form and arrangement of controls. The thesis also suggests a number of alternative solutions to particular problems. The proposal of a total station is suitable for various types of work and methods of surveying.
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Ab initio studie Lavesových fází v systémech Fe-Cr, Fe-Mo a Fe-Ta
Houserová, Jana ; Šob, Mojmír
Binary systems Fe-Cr, Fe-Mo and Fe-Ta can be found in many kinds of steels where the Laves-phase can be considered as a potential candidate for strengthening provided size and distribution of the particles are within certain limits. We performed electronic structure calculations to study the thermodynamic and structural properties of the C14 Laves phase with various compositions. In the frame of the thermodynamic study, we have evaluated the total energies of formation of Laves phase structure with different occupations of sublattices (Fe2Fe, Fe2X, X2Fe, X2X, where X stands for Cr, Mo and Ta) with respect to the Standard Element Reference (SER) states. These energies of formation are of great importance for prediction of stability of studied configurations.
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The hip fracture register, optimalization of hip hemiarthroplasty position
Skála - Rosenbaum, Jiří ; Bartoníček, Jan (advisor) ; Chomiak, Jiří (referee) ; Janeček, Miloš (referee)
The study examines the monocentric epidemiological data of patients with hip fractures from 1997-2007. Adult patients treated for hip fracture between the years 1997-2007 were included in the study. Retrospective statistical assessment of continually gathered data focused on epidemiology and demographics. The second part of the study was concerned on risk factors on protrusion of hemiarthroplasty into the acetabulum. The goal was to specify exact indication, proper operative technique and selection of the implant. The study involved 3 683 patients (2 678 women, 1 005 men). Patients older than 70 years accounted for 82 % of all cases. There was an increase in the number of hip fractures resulting in a significant increase in pertrochanteric fractures (AO-31A1+2) (p<0.001). The ratio of trochanteric to neck hip fractures increased from 0.99 to 1.53. Continual monitoring of patients with hip fracture offers data which allows comparisons between regions and countries. The importace of a continual increase in the number of hip fractures has its importance in macroeconomical planning in traumatology. Hemiarthroplasty was conversed to total hip arthroplasty in 12 patients in our department. The indication, time period to conversion and hemiarthroplasty position were retrospectively assessed. The direction of...
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Strain stress analysis of proximal tibia end with replacement
Tekalová, Soňa ; Mrázek, Michal (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
This thesis deals with stress analysis strain proximal end of tibia with total joint replacements. The analysis is done on the basis of deformation characteristics of voltage, through the finite element method (FEM). We have developed two-dimensional models of the proximal end of tibia with tibial components total endoprosthesis (TEP), without loss and bone loss. Geometry model is created based on data obtained from computerized tomography, which were further processed in the program, Rhinoceros 3.0 and SolidWorks 2009th Computational solution was carried out by finite element method in Ansys Workbench 12.0. The model without loss of bone tissue was tested the hypothesis that the deformation is very small and there is no violation of the shank prosthesis. Due to loss of bone tissue is lost support to the tibial pulse in the proximal tibia and by a progressive increase in stress, which can lead to a breach of the shank total joint replacement. The analysis results show that, if the loss of bone tissue, so that the tibial part of the TEP will lose support, there is a crack stem total hip replacement due to stress.
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Strain stress analysis of BS splint
Řehák, Kamil ; Fuis, Vladimír (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
This master‘s thesis deals with strain-stress analysis of hip joint together with the final applied total endoprosthesis with Burch-Schneider cage. The main point of my work was to find the solution of stress–strain analysis state, which has been mentioned before in connection with Burch-Schneider cage. I describe the technique of geometric creation of whole body system, component´s materials or conditions which are neccessary for calculation. In coclusion there are results achieved in variants. In the first option the case of bone tissue was considered, which don’t reach degradation mechanical properties effect straining under Burch-Schneider cage. In some cases when the bone tissue is untimely forced, the necrosis of bone tissue takes place under Burch-Schneider cage. This possibility is described in the second option of type. For every option there was a case which was calculated with applied screw or without it. In all option mechanical features of cancellous bone tissue and their change influence on achieved results were considered. This problem was solved computational simulation in commercial software Ansys Workbench 12.0.
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Reliability analysis of the hip joint endoprosthesis ceramic head
Málek, Michal ; Janíček, Přemysl (referee) ; Fuis, Vladimír (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with probability of fracture ceramic head of total hip endoprosthesis during tests by the standard ISO 7206-5. In the first part is made stress analysis with method of finite elements in program ANSYS. Six types of ceramic head with different geometry was analysed for ideal geometry of head and shaft, and also for shape imperfections from nominal conical shaft and head. The final values of principal stress from stress analysis were entry values for the second part – probability of fracture analysis. Weibull weakest-link theory was applied, namely 3-Parameter and 2-Parameter Weibull distribution.
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Epidemiology Study of patients after the THA
Herůfek, Radim ; Džupa, Valér (advisor)
Total hip arthroplasty is one of the best methods of treatment postwar medicine. Patients with severely degenerated joints are plagued by persistent pain that will not allow them normal daily activities , do not allow them quality sleep and also cause great mental anguish. Joint replacement implant leads relieving pain , restore function . Originally disabled patient returns to normal life and employment , which is often physically demanding. Therefore, total replacement of the significant effect of treatment , social and economic . The significant development of total joint arthroplasty for the last 40 years has resulted in various types and designs of acetabular holes femoral stems and heads , which in turn causes a lack of clarity on the menu, which , moreover, is still expanding. For implantation compensation is very important accurate indication of a specific type prosthesis , and therefore it is necessary to conduct epidemiological studies of patients who help refine the indications thus facilitating the selection of individual components. The following work is an overview of epidemiological data of patients with implantation of hip replacement patients operated on Orthopaedics and Traumatology FNKV clinic in 2006.
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The role of nurses and their impact on the care of patients with total hip arthroplasty.
SLABÁKOVÁ, Květoslava
Total hip replacement is one of the most extensively and highly effective operating methods in orthopaedics. The patients are brought back the self-sufficiency, life without the pain and noticeably motion restriction. Irreplaceable function here is a role of the nurse, who helps the patient to return back to his common life...The aim of this work was to find out, how the patients feel the role of the nurse and its influence to given nursing care before and after the total hip replacement as the less fulfilled. There were following research questions set: How the patients feel the role of the nurse before and after the total hip replacement? How the patients before and after the total hip replacement feel the interpretation of the nurse roles? How the patients before and after the total hip replacement feel the role of the nurse and its influence to given nursing care. Which of the nurse roles are felt by the patient as the unsatisfactory in postoperative care? The patients before and after the total hip replacement feel through the everyday nurse activities the nurse in her role of the caregiver and education giving person, following the nurse vindicator and the nurse bearer of changes. The patients feel the care thanks these roles as a quality, holistic and continual. Nevertheless was the role of the education giving named as the least fulfilled. In connection with these research results was created a manual, a Guide book for the patients before and after the total hip replacement. This Guide book was given to testing purposes. This Guide book was appreciated by the patients very positive despite a large amount of information, which were surprising for many of them. We gained some data, which gave the impulse to complete the information in the Guide.The created Guide book can´t replace the effective communication of the patient with the medical staff, which could be always the most suitable "source" of information.
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