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Komparace vybraných pěstebních substrátů při zakořeňování bylinných řízků okrasných rostlin a jejich následné výsadbě
Hrabík, Pavel
This thesis deals with the level of influence of used substrates, during propagation of shrubs by herbaceous cuttings, to quality of their rooting. Also was tested the impact of these substrates for subsequent growth after planting into loose soil. Thesis includes literary section which summarizes information about plant propagation including factors that affect it and informations about substrates. Part of this work is an experiment that is thoroughly described there, including the methodology and results. The first part of the experiment was conducted in two terms and each term contained four variants. Each variant is one of the tested substrates. In these substrates were grown two taxa: Cotoneaster dammeri Schneid. and Cotoneaster salicifolius Franch. Parkteppich. Total it was evaluated nearly 3,500 cuttings. Furthermore it was 400 plants were planted in loose soil and after overwintering were also evaluated their quality parameters. The result of the experiment is that the quality of the substrate has a really affect to the quality of the rooting of cuttings. A major impact on their subsequent growth has not been confirmed.
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Inhibice regenerace prýtů na explantátech petunie (Petunia x hybrida) in vitro způsobená fluoranthenem
Czyžová, Kateřina
The aim of thesis was to study the effect of fluoranthene (FLT) on growth and biochemical processes of plant Petunia (Petunia hybrida cv. Lady blue) in in vitro conditions. In this experiment were used segments of the middle parts of the leaves, shoots from organogenesis in vitro and apical meristem of stem with four to five leaves from long-term in vitro culture. It was observed if fluoranthene influence organogenesis of shoots in vitro, contents of chlorophyll a and b, content of cytokinins and rating of shoots (from organogenesis in vitro) and apical meristem of stem with four to five leaves. It was used culture MS medium containing benzylaminopurin (1.5 mg/l), 1-naphtylacetic acid (0.18 mg/l) and fluoranthene (1 mg/l) or without fluoranthene (control). In the case of organogenesis in vitro, the experiment was performed at 4 different variations of media with subculturing to other media in triplicate. Variations of the media were chosen to allow period of cultivation with fluoranthene, which affects growth and biochemical processes. MS medium containing indol-3-butyric acid (0.5 mg/l) and FLT in different concentrations (0.1, 1, 3 a 5 mg/l) was used for monitoring rooting. The results showed that fluoranthen is able to affect organogenesis of shoots formed on the segments of leaves. There was lower frequency compared to the control organogenesis. It was found that fluoranthene more affects beginning of cultivation compared to later exposure of fluoranthene during cultivation. It was found the highest uptake of benzyladenine and its riboside from the culture medium. Fluoranthene affected significantly content of dihydrozeatin. Zeatin and its riboside were recorded in a minimal amount. Fluoranthene caused lower content of chlorophylls a and b in explantats. In the case of chlorophyll a were no significant differences between influence by fluoranthene at the beginning of the cultivation or during of cultivation. It was noted that fluoranthene influence the morphology of the roots subcultured shoots from organogenesis in vitro. Plant roots exhibited less branching and roots were shorter in culture medium containing higher content of fluoranthene (3 and 5 mg/l).
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Kultivace Vitis vinifera v podmínkách in vitro a převod do in vivo podmínek
Bechyňová, Soňa
I examined in vitro behaviour three table varieties of grapes and Vitis rootstock Craciunel 2 during different micropropagation stages and different rhizogenezis media composition in vitro conditions. The experiment held the place in Lednice na Morave in 2018. So far have been achieved best results of 90% rooting success with DKW medium with the addition of growth regulators at this concentration of 0,2 mg.l-1 NAA + 0,2 mg.l-1 IAA + 1 mg.l-1 IBA. Multiplication protocol suitable for use in horticultural practice were optimized for Craciunel 2. Different media factors affect rooting have been determined.
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Využití mykorhizy při vegetativním množení dřevin bylinnými řízky
Ján, Jakub
The topic of the diploma thesis was the study of the influence of commercial mycorrhizal preparation on the rooting of softwood cuttings of two selected species of ornamental shrubs (Forsythia × intermedia 'Maluch' and Weigela florida 'Piccolo'). The main objective was to find out whether the mycorrhizal preparation can make the process of vegetative propagation more efficient and favourably influence the formation of roots. The used preparation contained arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the genus Glomus, two different amounts of the preparation were used. The experiment was carried out in the summer months of the year 2016. The experiment was founded in a plastic greenhouse on the ground of the Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice in Moravia (the Czech Republic), two main terms of propagation passed (in June and August) and one supplementary term passed (in August). The total number of adventitious roots, the number of branched roots, the length of shoots and the mortality of cuttings were evaluated. Mycorrhizal colonization of roots was evaluated in the laboratory under the microscope. The results of the experiment did not show that the used mycorrhizal preparation can positively affect the rooting of softwood cuttings, the application of the mycorrhizal inoculum did not improve the efficiency of vegetative propagation and did not provide convincing advantages. Mycorrhizal fungi did not stimulate the growth of cuttings, and in fact they did not influence the number of adventitious roots neither in Forsythia × intermedia 'Maluch', nor in Weigela florida 'Piccolo'. The only significant positive was that the Weigela florida 'Piccolo' had a higher number of branched roots after inoculation. The observation of roots under the microscope showed that the roots of both species were colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, but the extent of colonization did not reach high levels. Mycorrhizal inoculation of propagation substrate cannot be recommended as an effective method that would improve rooting. However, it should be added that the experiment only passed for one year and the results were based only on one term of propagation. Thus the influence of mycorrhizal fungi on the rooting of plant cuttings should be the subject of further research.
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Vliv stresových faktorů na růst intaktních rostlin podnoží révy vinné in vitro
Dvořáková, Vladimíra
This thesis deals with the effects of water scarcity and excess lime in the soil to grow rooted grapevine rootstocks. The theoretical part provides summary information on the structure and main functions of the root system with increased attention on the production of phytohormones. The following chapter discusses the physiology of stress in plants, focusing on stress signals and detailed description. Literary part of the closing chapter on the effects of stress on photosynthesis and respiration and the impact of excess lime in the soil to grow grapevine rootstocks. Experimental part follows the results of the bachelor thesis, when being monitored by simulation of stress in vitro only unrooted rootstocks Kober 125 AA when the measured responses of plants to plant growth (length and weight) and their physiological response (quantum yield of photosynthesis, the production of ethylene, ethane, CO2 content and photosynthetically active pigments). These results are in the thesis completed by the determination of the abscisic acid in the above - ground parts of plants. In this thesis, the experiment was performed with the stage of the plant - unrooted nodal segments rootstock Börner shoots and rooted rootstock Börner and Kober 125 AA.
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Komparace vybraných pěstebních substrátů při zakořeňování bylinných řízků okrasných rostlin a jejich následné výsadbě
Hrabík, Pavel
This thesis deals with the level of influence of used substrates, during propagation of shrubs by herbaceous cuttings, to quality of their rooting. Also was tested the impact of these substrates for subsequent growth after planting into loose soil. Thesis includes literary section which summarizes information about plant propagation including factors that affect it and informations about substrates. Part of this work is an experiment that is thoroughly described there, including the methodology and results. The first part of the experiment was conducted in two terms and each term contained four variants. Each variant is one of the tested substrates. In these substrates were grown two taxa: Cotoneaster dammeri Schneid. and Cotoneaster salicifolius Franch. Parkteppich. Total it was evaluated nearly 3,500 cuttings. Furthermore it was 400 plants were planted in loose soil and after overwintering were also evaluated their quality parameters. The result of the experiment is that the quality of the substrate has a really affect to the quality of the rooting of cuttings. A major impact on their subsequent growth has not been confirmed.
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Ověřování účinku fytohormonů na diferenciaci kořenů u dřevitých řízků podnoží peckovin
Ambrosová, Lýdie
This diploma thesis deals with the examination of impacts of phytohormones on rooting of hardwood cuttings of rootstocks. The goal of the thesis is an evaluation of chosen stimulators and rootstocks. There are examined 1% stimulators based on NAA, NAA in combination with brassinosteroids, IAA, IBA, IBA as powder and non-treated control in this thesis. The evaluated rootstocks are VVA-1, AP-1, MY-KL-A, Ishtara and PS-1. The best results reach stimulators based on IBA and IAA (57--58 %), generally all examined rootstocks of cuttings treated by stimulators achieves better rooting rates, more than 50 % (only variants with brassinosteroids do not take root at all). Control without any treatment reaches 43 %. The best rooting rates have rootstocks AP-1 (58 %), VVA-1 and MY-KL-A (55--56 %), worse rooting rates have rootstocks PS-1 and Ishtara (both 26 %).
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Inhibice regenerace prýtů na explantátech petunie (Petunia x hybrida) in vitro způsobená fluoranthenem
Czyžová, Kateřina
The aim of thesis was to study the effect of fluoranthene (FLT) on growth and biochemical processes of plant Petunia (Petunia hybrida cv. Lady blue) in in vitro conditions. In this experiment were used segments of the middle parts of the leaves, shoots from organogenesis in vitro and apical meristem of stem with four to five leaves from long-term in vitro culture. It was observed if fluoranthene influence organogenesis of shoots in vitro, contents of chlorophyll a and b, content of cytokinins and rating of shoots (from organogenesis in vitro) and apical meristem of stem with four to five leaves. It was used culture MS medium containing benzylaminopurin (1.5 mg/l), 1-naphtylacetic acid (0.18 mg/l) and fluoranthene (1 mg/l) or without fluoranthene (control). In the case of organogenesis in vitro, the experiment was performed at 4 different variations of media with subculturing to other media in triplicate. Variations of the media were chosen to allow period of cultivation with fluoranthene, which affects growth and biochemical processes. MS medium containing indol-3-butyric acid (0.5 mg/l) and FLT in different concentrations (0.1, 1, 3 a 5 mg/l) was used for monitoring rooting. The results showed that fluoranthen is able to affect organogenesis of shoots formed on the segments of leaves. There was lower frequency compared to the control organogenesis. It was found that fluoranthene more affects beginning of cultivation compared to later exposure of fluoranthene during cultivation. It was found the highest uptake of benzyladenine and its riboside from the culture medium. Fluoranthene affected significantly content of dihydrozeatin. Zeatin and its riboside were recorded in a minimal amount. Fluoranthene caused lower content of chlorophylls a and b in explantats. In the case of chlorophyll a were no significant differences between influence by fluoranthene at the beginning of the cultivation or during of cultivation. It was noted that fluoranthene influence the morphology of the roots subcultured shoots from organogenesis in vitro. Plant roots exhibited less branching and roots were shorter in culture medium containing higher content of fluoranthene (3 and 5 mg/l).
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