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Aggressive behavior of the mentally challenged person with disabilities in social care institutions.
ZEMANOVÁ, Martina
In Czech Republic, there is still paid just a little attention to aggressive behaviour of people with mental disability. There has appeared a significant development of providing social services since 2007. Services are transformed, and they are gradually moving from restrictive measures to support and to preventive procedures focused on the approach to clients. The first chapter examines the characteristics of mental disability. The second chapter describes social services according to the Law 108/2006 Coll. on social services, and it defines the service Home for People with Health Disabilities. In the third chapter I write about offending behavior, mostly about aggression, its causes, course, control, prevention and possibilities of therapies. The fourth chapter describes the importance of communication as a prevention of aggression. I dedicate the fifth chapter to the education of staff working in social services. Another topic in this chapter is the supervision as the assistance and support for staff working with people with mental disabilities and controlling the aggressive behavior. In the last chapter of the theoretical part I describe restrictive measures, which are follow up procedures when dealing with the aggression. The practical part is processed in the form of qualitative research, method of questioning and by using the technique of the semistructured interview. The research sample were employees working in the direct care, which had worked there for at least five years. Interviews with selected respondents took place from December 2012 to February 2013. The objective of this research was to find out what awareness the employees had of causes of the aggressive behavior, prevention and restriction. The recorded evidence indicates that all responding staff encountered the aggressive behavior of a person with mental disability and they perceived it as offending. They described the aggression as physical or verbal attacks against other person or property. Demonstration of the aggressive behavior is also auto-aggression. Is there any possibility of avoiding the aggressive behavior? All respondents agreed that the cause of aggressive behavior of people with mental disabilities were unfulfilled basic human needs. What concerns the role of the staff in preventing the aggression, all respondents think, that therapy, employment of clients and the appropriate communication, which shall be adapted individually, play very important role. All respondents perceive the supervision, which is helpful at their work, as a prevention. Similarly, the same is the education, which is mandatory for them by the law. What are the restrictive measures? All respondents answered that they were instruments, which limited human mobility. They also demonstrated knowledge of their use. Respondents did not mention in the interview abou the fact, that these measures may be used only for strictly necessary period. It is necessary to indicate this fact in the report on the application of restrictive measures, which, as all respondents had indicated, they filled in. That is why they think that, at its essence, they know this information. Another thing they did not mention was to inform the client himself, that restrictive measures will be used against him. I address this to possible stress during interviews on this subject. Overall, I would say that the staff know the aggressive behavior in people with mental disabilities. Likewise they know what causes aggression, how it can be prevented andwhat are the follow-up procedures if the aggressive behavior of the client occurs.
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Education of pupils with childhood autism
JANTOŠOVÁ, Petra
Legislation currently enables developing teaching methods for every child with special needs taking into account the child's specific possibilities and capabilities. The choice of suitable individual teaching methods and techniques for every child is a major factor of success in education and is equally needed in the education of pupils with childhood autism. The theoretical part of the Bachelor thesis deals with childhood autism in context of autistic spectrum disorders, childhood autism being one of them. The thesis describes the characteristics of this disorder and its variable, not autism-specific features, mentioning diagnostics with regard to teaching pupils suffering from childhood autism and describing a family with an autistic child and its role in education. Increased attention is paid to the possibilities in teaching pupils with child autism within the existing system of education and, above all, to educational methods used with children suffering from this disorder. The aim of the practical part of the thesis was to establish what methods are included in teaching pupils with childhood autism. Another objective was to check the educational techniques applied with this group of pupils in a family setting. A qualitative research has been chosen as the method of gathering information. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews conducted across a selected sample of respondents. Interviews were conducted with two respondent groups using predefined questions. The first group consisted of selected special education teachers educating pupils with childhood autism and the second group was comprised of selected parents whose children suffer from this disorder. The results of the thesis contain processed interviews with selected respondents from both groups, subsequently supported by a well-arranged table. The results of the research provide information about what methods are used to teach pupils with childhood autism in a school and a family setting. The thesis also presents opinions of specialists and parents of autistic children regarding educational techniques and their practical usage and application. The results of the research are subsequently compared mutually and also against specialised information sources. The research performed as part of this thesis revealed that structured teaching is the most frequently included technique in teaching pupils with childhood autism, with each pupil individually, depending on his possibilities and capabilities. Further application of educational methods in teaching pupils with childhood autism matches with what can be found in literature and the theoretical part of the thesis. Apart from structured teaching, educators use methods like global reading when working with this group of pupils, plus elements of problematic behaviour therapy and social skills training, Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), computer software and pictograms. Interviews with parents confirmed that structured teaching is also the most frequently applied technique in a family setting. Parents choose methods according to their children's needs and try following their emotions and what they consider best for their child. Families as well as schools use structured learning on an individual basis as per the child's needs and parents also use the global reading method and computer software. Families, at the same time, commonly use the elements Son-rise method in combination with alternative teaching of Maria Montessori which may be seen as a certain difference to the application of educational methods at schools. No major differences between the family and the school setting have been identified with respect to educational methods used in teaching pupils with childhood autism. This Bachelor thesis provides and insight into the application of teaching methods by families and schools where pupils suffering from childhood autism receive their education.
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Importance and specifities of education of adult people with mild mental disorder
VÁVROVÁ, Daniela
In the first chapter, the term ?adult? is defined. In the context of education, this term means a human who has ended their school education. In the same conception is comprehended person with mental disorder. Education in adults is important because of the speed of developing society, which is too demanding on people. People without further education are worse oriented in the world and often fall to feelings of inferiority and uselessness. The same situation is present in people with mental disorders. People with mental disorders are limited by deficiencies in intellectual abilities. Intellectual abilities are one of the diagnoses of mental disorders. To make education of adults successful, it is necessary to observe some principles and use methods which are suitable for the target group. Because of deficiencies in intellectual ability, many methods which are used by health practitioners aren´t suitable for people with mental disorders. Unsuitable methods are lectures and seminars, because of the verbal difficulty people with mental disorders often experience. People with mental disorders have problems understanding explanations and often encounter issues concerning attention span. The process of education includes more mental operations in which a person with mental disorder can have problems. For reproducing memory perceptions, it is necessary to have a good memory, but people with mental disorders often have problems with their memory. They quickly forget learned knowledge and because of this, it is necessary for their whole life to involve repetition. Another important element of education is motivation, which increases success of education. People with mental disorders can have problems with willpower, when a stimulus isn?t attractive enough, they quickly lose interest. People with mental disorders can have problems in social relationships. Health professionals think that people with mental disorders are antisocial and don´t create any social relationships, but this is not true. People with mental disorders have the same needs as a person without a mental disorder. People with mental disorders desire understanding and respect from the majority of the population. These people want to be fully-fledged members of society. Unfortunately people with mental disorders are limited by their deficiencies. These people let themselves be influences; they can be reliant on other people?s decisions. Despite these problems, there are many people with mental disorders who have families and who aren?t addicted to other people. A complex system of education for adults with mental disorders hasn?t yet been created and is still an object of discussions. There are several possibilities of how to educate these people as adults. The choice of method depends on possibilities and dispositions of the person and how they choose to improve their education. One positive fact is that people with mental disorders are interested in education as adults. This interest should be one of the reasons why complex systems of education are created. The system of education adults with mild mental disorder is suggested in the last chapter. The system is designed with 4 forms of education and a person with a mental disorder can chose which form is most suitable for them. The first form is courses to attainment qualification which refill and restore primary education. The second form is courses which support qualification. These courses increase chances of people with mental disorder to get work place. People with mental disorders can have problems with orientation in the surrounding world and that is reason why civil education exists, it provides necessary information. The last form is hobby education which offers people with mental disorders effective ways to spend their free time. ?
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Readiness of midwives for management of acute and critical states on labour ward
LEVECOVÁ, Štěpánka
Basic theoretical premises Currently, we are exposed to stressful situations not only in private life but also in professional life. Huge stress and stressful situations that cause acute and critical states in the field of health care may have adverse impact on the psyche and the entire human organism. At Delivery Rooms Department, all members of a medical team are daily exposed to such stress; these Bachelor theses are focused on these stressful situations and their managing in acute medicine. The theses are specialized in stressful situations being dealt by midwives working at Delivery Rooms Department who daily experience these situations. The theses are aimed at determination of perceiving and managing stressful situations in the delivery room seen in the eyes of midwives, and at the comparison of readiness of midwives to deal with acute and critical states in the delivery room in accordance with attained education, length of professional experience, and experience in the given field. Three research questions were put. Utilized methods Data collection technique in qualitative research survey utilized structured interviews. Interviewees employed their own opinions, insights, experiences, and feelings. The research included six midwives working in the delivery room of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital in Pilsen. Results The most common problem stated by the interviewed midwives was that there are certain gaps in educational systems in obstetrics related to practical training of readiness for managing stressful situations. The midwives agreed on sufficiency of overall extent of curriculum. As a problematic part they pointed out the field of theoretical education in the subjects of communication, medical communication and psychological communication where the education did not prepare them sufficiently for managing stressful situations. Furthermore, the research showed that the interviewees perceived negatively the absence of teachers of professional experience in a hospital during practice training. On the contrary, the midwives would welcome the presence of teachers at students? practice training or reduction of the number of students at shifts. The students? impossibility to record given matters in the medical documents was stated as a significant problem, since the logical view of students at a group care system at the respective department is limited. In acute and critical situation occurred in the delivery room, the midwives often reported feelings of fear, increased stress, anxiety and worries whether they will be able to manage the given situation. The midwives identically reported that they are trying to fight such stress but they all fail. Regarding this issue, they said it would be beneficial to increase the number of nursing staff and thereby prevent overstretching medical staff. One of the research questions was how midwives deal with stressful situations. The majority of midwives answered that through relaxing at home or in the company. In overall, the midwives assessed that the age of midwives and their professional experience play an important role in managing stressful situations. During their practice training, they learnt to act more promptly and prudently which has a positive effect on solving acute and critical situations in the delivery room. When querying the perception of the adaptation process, all midwives were satisfied with the length of adaptation and their midwife trainer. Regarding managing stressful situations, after termination of the adaptation process, the midwives reported this period as a time of increased strain towards their person both mentally and physically. The research survey identified a need to put more classes of theoretical education regarding communication and communication techniques.
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The level of knowledge of medical students at secondary schools in providing nursing care to foreigners
TOUMOVÁ, Kristýna
The integration of foreigners increases the number of patients with different nationalities and religions in our medical facilities. To treat these patients it is necessary to know their habits and specific needs. Such knowledge should have the students of secondary medical schools, to whom this work is focused. The theoretical part deals with the history of multicultural nursing in our country and abroad. Further is the explanation of basic terms, such as: culture, minority, majority, racism, discrimination, ethics and communication in Transcultural nursing care. Next Chapter deals with the integration of foreigners in Czech Republic. The multicultural nursing at the secondary medical schools is connected to this chapter. The subject multicultural nursing unfortunately is not on the particular types of schools, in the branch medical assistant, it is taught as a separate subject. The following chapter is about specifics of selected minorities. This thesis has two aims: The first aim is: To map the knowledge level of students of secondary medical schools in providing nursing care to patients from minority groups. The aim 2 is: To determine students' interest in the issue of multicultural care. On the basis of the aims three hypotheses were laid down: H 1: There is difference in knowledge of multicultural nursing between the students of first and 4th years of secondary medical schools. H 2: The Secondary medical schools devote attention to teaching of a multicultural approach to patients. H 3: Students of secondary schools have knowledge of a multicultural approach to patients. To achieve the aims and verify the hypotheses a quantitative survey was performed, which was completed by three short interviews with teachers of vocational subjects. The quantitative survey was conducted using form of questionnaires for students of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th years in branch medical assistant at three medical schools. The results of the questionnaires were processed into graphs using statistics. Interviews were processed into categorization. The survey results showed that students have some knowledge about nursing care of patients from minority groups. Further, it was also found that students have an interest in the issue, and they would welcome to obtain more knowledge in this field at their school. The first hypothesis was confirmed. There is the difference in knowledge of first and 4 grades, but not so clear as it might be assumed. The knowledge is increasing gradually from lower classes to higher. The second hypothesis was also confirmed. The Secondary Medical Schools pay attention to teaching of a multicultural approach to patients. The research among students and teachers showed that the school pays attention to teaching, but not quite enough. Hypothesis third was confirmed. Students have knowledge of a multicultural approach to patients. From results of the questionnaires revealed that students have some awareness of the issues, but this knowledge is not entirely satisfactory to knowledge required in professional practice. From research results it is possible to consider that teaching of multicultural nursing at schools takes place in some form, but it all depends on the school. Therefore would be good to unify teaching - to determine the exact number of hours and form of teaching. Thus all students would have the opportunity to obtain the same information and School would get clear rules of teaching. Based on information gathered from the survey will be published in the journal article to spread awareness of the issue. The article, based on the acquired information from the research, will be published in a professional journal to extend awareness of the issue.
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Nursing care at patients with application of dental implantats in dental surgery department
SAZMOVÁ, Šárka
This thesis describes nursing care in the process of dental implants application in all phases and the ways of gaining nurses´ knowledge in this specialization. Research part of this thesis was processed by method of qualitative research. Semi-structured type of depth-interview was chosen as the most suitable method. Data were divided into the four categories by using of technique ,,showdown". Ten subcategories were created in mentioned categories. Ascertained facts were added into the schemes of each category. Over a time of period October 2012 to March 2013 were addressed ten nurses but only five of them were willing to participate in the research. Dentists´ offices with different facilities and equipment were chosen intentionally. Precondition of this was to work in implantology. Based on the respondents´ reports it was find out that in each subcategory are several groups of nurses who differ from each other by the way of specified activity performance. It was found that bigger departments have better access to extensive technical background as well as the opportunity of implantation in dentists´center more prepared for invasive surgeries. This fact minimizes risks of postoperative complications and potential rejection of implants. Advantage of small departments is certainly more personal approach to the patient. In the section of education all addressed nurses reported that they have completed High school for Nurses. This research demonstrated that this type of schools does not provide relevant education and sufficient time of training in stomatology such as individual specialization and in case of dental implantology is ever worse. Majority of respondents obtained their experience during the period of their practice and theoretical knowledge, as was proved, is almost completely missing. It is necessary, based on the more frequented incidence of these specialized treatments at basic dental departments, to pay more attention to this problematic section and offer more opportunities to nurses regarding their further education focused on the specific nursing care in stomatology and dental surgery. Essential, but not last deficiency is also fatal lack of specialized literature and textbooks especially focused on the irreplaceable nursing role in this area. Brochure for nurse trainee was created as an output of this Bachelor´s thesis based on the identified absence of crucial facts.
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Motivation and stimulation employees in a particular company
ČEJKOVÁ, Kristýna
This work was focused on findings and evaluation of real state in the sphere of motivation and stimulation of employees of a company. On the basic of theoretical and practical knowledge, it was to show the faults in the sphere of people management and suggest possible changes for improvement. The theoretical part of the work deals with definitions of basic terms relating to motivation and stimulation. For processing of this thesis I chose Domov pro seniory Máj České Budějovice a semi-budgetary organization. There I made a questionnare research. To obtain a sample of respondents was used a random selection. The purpose of the research was to find out the employees attitude to the problems of motivation and stimulation in this company. At the end of the work there are suggested changes which should contribute to better motivation and stumulation of the employees of the organization.
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Education and development of employees in a particular company
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Lucie
The objective of the bachelor thesis named Education and development of employees in a particular enterprise is to analyze the process of staff training and development, characterize and evaluate existing HR processes, identify the needs of employees and the company and suggest possible ways to improve the current situation. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and deals with the interpretation of concepts related to staff training and development. Information for this section was obtained from the czech and foreign professional literature. The second part contains a detailed characterization and analysis of selected enterprise education and development through unstructured interviews. For this purpose, I chose the company Leifheit, Ltd. headquartered in Blatná. This company is engaged in manufacturing of small items for home and home textiles. Using unstructured interviews conducted with the HR department I characterized the training and development of employees in the company and carried out the analysis of the current state of education. The thesis is targeted on a particular education that took place in the organization in previous years, on the description of external companies, which Leifheit uses for education and also for the initial training, which is very important too.
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AUDIT OF THE EDUCATION CENTRE IN THE SELECTED COMPANY
KOCOURKOVÁ, Markéta
This thesis contains theoretical definitions of a knowledge-based company, human capital development and education. The second part analyzes the data obtained from the monitored period 2008-2012 and includes standardized and non-standardized interviews, overt participant observation and a questionnaire survey.
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Tourism for the selected segment: high school students
PEXOVÁ, Kateřina
The main aim of this thesis was to evaluate Tourism standard for students of secondary schools in České Budějovice by analysis. To develop a strategic Tourism progress for the selected segment and create appropriate product including introducing on the market. Initially literary sources were studied which served as a base for literary review and situational analysis was created. Based on the field survey results a new product called Edu-cachig was designed which consists of three thematic groups to provoke interest in school excursions by the segment.
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