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Bývalý vojenský újezd Milovice-Mladá: změny krajinné a vegetační mozaiky regionálního hotspotu biodiverzity
JIRKŮ, Daria
The thesis documents an analyses changes of land cover, development of forests and vegetation of non-forest habitats of the largest complex of naturalistic dry lowland forests and grasslands in the Czech Republic in the context of historical development and nature conservation. The development of the area is documented for the first time during the military past and also after the abandonment by army (1950-2017). New data allow quantification of losses of surface area and high-value nature habitats, identification of conservation priorities and potential refugia of rare biota and consideration of impact of different management methods.
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Influence of military activities on vegetation diversity in Doksy region
Staněk, Ondřej ; Vojta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Volařík, Daniel (referee)
The thesis focuses on description of specific area of Doksy region, situated in northern Bohemia. This region was affected by fifty years of military management. Vegetation composition, species richness and several environmental characteristics were measured and statistically tested to determine the effect of military area on landscape and vegetation. No significant difference in species richness, but important changes in species composition were discovered. Also the environmental (soil) characteristics of the area were probably changed by the military history of landscape. There were no major changes in Beta diversity uncovered, probably because of different management leading to the same resulting changes applied in the landscape. Also four invasive plant species were found in high numbers present in the area connected with past military land-use.
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Landscape development of the former military area Milovice - Mladá
Pavelka, Libor ; Pecharová, Emilie (advisor) ; Barbara, Barbara (referee)
This work deals with the territorial development of the former cadastral area Mlada to which belonged also the former military area Milovice - Mlada. The special interest area of 1460 ha is located in the Central Bohemia, approximately 40 km northeast of Prague, between the towns Benatky nad Jizerou and Nymburk.
The purpose of this study is comparing the land use/land cover in individual time periods documenting important historical events and current status. To make this study maps from the Stable cadastre from 1842 and aerial photographs from years 1954, 1999 and 2015 were used. Subsequently, the data were processed using a geographic system. A field research carried out in 2015 with a self-evaluation is an integral part of this study.
A carried out analysis helped to found out that decisive effect on the land use was caused by the presence of the army and the resultant deforested areas - training grounds. Gradually, there was a sharp decline in agricultural land, particularly arable land, but also the felling of trees stands. Now the former military activity and the absence of agriculture in this area have created a unique habitat of extraordinary scientific value.
Based on field research it can be stated that particular localities Pozorovatelna and nature reserve under the Benatecky vrch provide a valuable refuge for rare plant and animal species.
The planned construction of a polygon for a test drive of Skoda Auto cars, which should take place in 2002 in Pozorovatelna, could probably lead to the eventual devastation of the area, which could cause irreparable damages to this area.
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Military areas as biocentres in cultural landscape
VOTRUBEC, Martin
Communities of epigeic beetles were studied on two localities: Třebovice in the military area Boletice and Vadkov in the foodhill of Blanský les Landscape Protected Area in South Bohemia. The distance between localities is 7,25 km. Six biotopes were studied in both localities: grasslands, wetlands, fields, coniferous forest habitat, habitat mixed forest and deciduous forest habitat. Pitfall traps were used for collecting of material in period May - November 2012. Together 5 families (Carabidae, Elateridae, Silphidae, Curculionidae, Geotrupidae), 18 species and 1426 specimen of epigeic beetles were collected. Species were divided according to their ecological requirements of anthropogenic tolerancy into three groups (I and II relics and eurytopic species) (Boháč, 1999). In the monitored area Trebovice I found a total of 5 families with 16 species, compared to 3 for the families of the 11 species in Vadkov. The activity of beetles was very similar in both localities (Trebovice - 726 specimen, Vadkov - 700 specimen). The dominant families in number of species at both monitored localities family Carabid (Třebovice 9 species of Carabid, Vadkov 7 species Carabid). On the other side by carabid individuals was the activity distinctly higher in Třebovice (239 specimen carabid) than in Vadkov (38 specimen carabid). Adaptable species (RII 13 species) prevailed over expansionnists (E 5 species) in both localities. In the locality Třebovice was found 29.4% expansive species (E) against the area Vadkov 18.2% expansive species (E). Species that are tied to the habitats moderately influenced by man, known as relics of the second order (RII), in the vicinity of Třebovice occurred in 70.6% and in 81.8% Vadkov. Groups relics of the first order (RI) in the monitored areas were not detected. Index of human impact showed slightly better values at locations on the outskirts of Blanský les (Vadkov) (50%) than in the military area Třebovice (49,17%). Greater species diversity (Třebovice 16 species, Vadkov 11 species) and abundance (Třebovice 726 specimen, Vadkov 700 specimen) of beetles was in fond in the military area. This demonstrates that military area Boletice habitats are important for the survival of many species and serves as a source of biodiversity for neighboring stations.
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