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Advanced material based on secondary raw materials for construction of subgrade layer
Hrubý, Jakub ; Luňáček,, Martin (referee) ; Černý, Vít (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the development of a new material for the establishment of a layer of the ground body of a railway undercarriage purely on the basis of secondary raw materials. The theoretical part presents the characteristics of structural layers, materials used for bonded substrates, including their requirements. The following are the general conditions for the creation of base layers from purely secondary raw materials and previous experience with the issue. The introduction of the experimental part of the thesis sets out the basic parameters of secondary raw materials (construction recyclates, waste from railway bed cleaning, dust from cement plant) and energy by-products (fly ash, coal slag and municipal waste incinerator), which together form the raw material base. Grain size, absorbency, moisture, bulk density, chemical analysis and pollutant content were determined on the raw materials. Bulk densities and compressive strengths of the bonded mixtures were determined. The optimum humidity of all mixtures was determined by the Proctor standard test. Experimental verification was performed on testing of bonded mixtures in order to verify the effect of cement dose, when the original dose of 8% was optimized for construction recycled and slag from municipal waste incinerator to 4%, due to high strengths ranging from 4.5 to 6.0 MPa. Further optimization also included the addition of an energy by-product in a proportion of 10% of the weight of the secondary raw material. At the end of the experimental part, two optimal recipes were selected (recycled concrete with 4% cement and 10% fluid fly ash; slag from a municipal waste incinerator with 3% cement and 10% fluid fly ash), which underwent advanced testing in the form of frost resistance and resistance to water and a functional sample was designed. The final functional sample is recycled concrete with cement and 10% addition of fluid fly ash, which is suitable for core layers without frost loading.
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New external thermal insulation composite system taking in to account the sustainable use of natural resources
Sokola, Lubomír ; Rovnaníková, Pavla (referee) ; Vejmelková,, Eva (referee) ; Nosek,, Karel (referee) ; Žižková, Nikol (advisor)
The work is focused on the development of an environmentally friendly external thermal insulation composite system in terms of product composition and composition of the whole system. The intention is to develop an alternative to standard external thermal insulation composite systems. Undoubtely, standard systems have a contribution to energy savings (primary role), but their actual production and composition is also a burden on the environment. The research is focused onthe development of adhesive and leveling substance and plaster using progressive material with phase transformation and energy by-product (fly ash). Furthermore, it is focused on the selection of insulation from renewable sources. Therefore, there is paid attention to the overall composition of the thermal insulation system in order to achieve the most effective impact with respect to the environment. The goal is to achieve secondary energy and resource savings due to the composition of components and also the composition of the entire system.
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Advanced material based on secondary raw materials for construction of subgrade layer
Hrubý, Jakub ; Luňáček,, Martin (referee) ; Černý, Vít (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the development of a new material for the establishment of a layer of the ground body of a railway undercarriage purely on the basis of secondary raw materials. The theoretical part presents the characteristics of structural layers, materials used for bonded substrates, including their requirements. The following are the general conditions for the creation of base layers from purely secondary raw materials and previous experience with the issue. The introduction of the experimental part of the thesis sets out the basic parameters of secondary raw materials (construction recyclates, waste from railway bed cleaning, dust from cement plant) and energy by-products (fly ash, coal slag and municipal waste incinerator), which together form the raw material base. Grain size, absorbency, moisture, bulk density, chemical analysis and pollutant content were determined on the raw materials. Bulk densities and compressive strengths of the bonded mixtures were determined. The optimum humidity of all mixtures was determined by the Proctor standard test. Experimental verification was performed on testing of bonded mixtures in order to verify the effect of cement dose, when the original dose of 8% was optimized for construction recycled and slag from municipal waste incinerator to 4%, due to high strengths ranging from 4.5 to 6.0 MPa. Further optimization also included the addition of an energy by-product in a proportion of 10% of the weight of the secondary raw material. At the end of the experimental part, two optimal recipes were selected (recycled concrete with 4% cement and 10% fluid fly ash; slag from a municipal waste incinerator with 3% cement and 10% fluid fly ash), which underwent advanced testing in the form of frost resistance and resistance to water and a functional sample was designed. The final functional sample is recycled concrete with cement and 10% addition of fluid fly ash, which is suitable for core layers without frost loading.
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New external thermal insulation composite system taking in to account the sustainable use of natural resources
Sokola, Lubomír ; Rovnaníková, Pavla (referee) ; Vejmelková,, Eva (referee) ; Nosek,, Karel (referee) ; Žižková, Nikol (advisor)
The work is focused on the development of an environmentally friendly external thermal insulation composite system in terms of product composition and composition of the whole system. The intention is to develop an alternative to standard external thermal insulation composite systems. Undoubtely, standard systems have a contribution to energy savings (primary role), but their actual production and composition is also a burden on the environment. The research is focused onthe development of adhesive and leveling substance and plaster using progressive material with phase transformation and energy by-product (fly ash). Furthermore, it is focused on the selection of insulation from renewable sources. Therefore, there is paid attention to the overall composition of the thermal insulation system in order to achieve the most effective impact with respect to the environment. The goal is to achieve secondary energy and resource savings due to the composition of components and also the composition of the entire system.
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Activation of high ash addition of fly ash for concrete production fluid
Ťažký, Martin ; Hela,, Vlastimil (referee) ; Hela, Rudolf (advisor)
Secondary energy products are used in the construction industry for a long time. More strict environmental limits for emissions to air have created new technologies combustion of materials in thermal power plants. In this way combustion are produced a new secondary energy products. It is an attempt to find of suitable use for these products. Their use will have ecological impact on the environment and it will allow prepare of new compositions of higher utility properties. The aim of this study was to develop a new mixture, using the new secondary energy products, for production concrete with high utility properties.
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Strategic & econometric analysis of ČEZ Energetické produkty Ltd.
Köhler, Jiří ; Brabenec, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šléška, Pavel (referee)
With the development of modern technology the perception of waste is changing. What was once considered unusable and expensive can be now seen as an useful material with potential to increase revenues of the company. As example can serve energetic industry, which was until recently only able to store its waste produced during combustion of coal. Now energetic companies are able to transform their waste into secondary energetic products (by-products) that can be further used in other industries. The main goal of the thesis is to determine whether there is a potential for the development of the secondary energetic products in the Czech Republic.
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