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National Repository of Grey Literature 1 records found  Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Effect of equine assisted therapy on the body posture
 Burešová, Barbora ; Hofmanová, Barbora (advisor) ; Majzlík, Ivan (referee)
The work deals with the body posture and the way how it is influenced by equine assisted therapy. The first part deals with human motor activity and its development. Motor activity is divided into supporting and targeted. Supporting motor activity provides upright posture through reflex mechanisms. Targeted motor activity includes voluntary and involuntary movements. Voluntary movements are controlled by central nervous system at the instigation of our mind. If we perform specific movements regularly they can transform into stereotypes on the basis of kinetic learning. These movements and their control automate and are performed unconsciously which can lead to excessive muscle straining. Involuntary movements associated with food intake walking etc. are set by motor patterns. Motor patterns are motion responses of the central nervous system occurring in the same form in the sequence of generations. Simple reflexes and complex physical reactions. Motor development is given by these motor patterns and is bound to a healthy central nervous system. It begins with development of the body posture and targeted locomotion. The work describes the physiological development of human motor activity and its particular periods. Muscle activity is gradually coordinated. It ensures the centered position of the joints and correct curvature of the spine. Motor development continues with verticalization. The child uses balance coordination and muscle strength to develop unsupported walking. In the period of around two years when the central nervous system matures some reflexes and motor patterns fade away and the first motion stereotypes begin to arise. The second part deals with the posture that reflects and affects the overall condition of the body. It is a muscle holding of particular body parts against the force of gravity. Posture is part of every position and a precondition of movement. This work describes individual components of the musculoskeletal system with emphasis on the axial system and spine which are the basis from which each move unfolds. The skeleton forms the firm basis for the body protects organs and is the site of insertion of individual muscles. The paper describes the structure and properties of muscle tissue. And muscles whose function is essential for posture are mentioned. Posture and every movement is provided by balanced cooperation of muscles which are controlled from the central nervous system that is why part of this work describes the nervous system itself. The end of the second part focuses on poor body posture caused mainly by motion stereotypes acquired throughout life which leads to excessive muscle tension followed by pain and limitation of mobility. Many of these stereotypes were formed in childhood that is why they may appear to be perfectly normal often we do not even realize doing them and because of that we do not know how to change them. The next section outlines the principles of holistic medicine that body and mind are inseparable and one affects the other. The final part discusses the relationship between man and horse that reaches far into our history. It focuses on the use of horses to improve the health and overall quality of life of men. That is an area of which the interest is currently growing. The work deals with the effect of the horses to humans especially in physical and psychological areas. To understand the effect on the physical side the movement of the horse at a walk is described and also the rider's position and his movement which is caused by the movement of the horse's back. The thesis summarizes the findings of a direct effect of hippotherapy on the physical body and the effects on the psychological side of a man because these areas are closely interlinked.
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