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Influence of Microstructure Instability on Creep Behaviour of UFG Pure Materials
Král, Petr ; Dvořák, Jiří ; Svoboda, Milan ; Kvapilová, Marie ; Sklenička, Václav
Experiments were conducted to determine an effect of creep temperature on creep behaviour of pure Cu. The ECAP pressing was performed at room temperature by route Bc. Constant load creep tests in tension were conducted at 373-573 K under different stresses. The values of the stress exponent n of the minimum creep rate for ultrafine-grained (UFG) and coarse-grained material were determined. Microstructure of samples was characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with the electron backscatter unit (EBSD). The microstructure analyses showed that microstructure of pure Cu processed by 8 ECAP passes and subsequent creep exposure contained large fraction of boundaries with coincidence sites lattice (CSL). The results showed that creep in UFG materials is influenced by additional creep mechanisms up to 0.5 Tm when the UFG microstructure in more or less stable.
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Influence of Heterogeneity of Microstructure on Creep Behaviour of SPD Metals
Král, Petr ; Dvořák, Jiří ; Kvapilová, Marie ; Svoboda, Milan ; Sklenička, Václav
The methods of severe plastic deformation enable a production of bulk metals with the submicrometer or even nanometer grain size. Experiments were conducted to determine an effect of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) on the creep behavior of pure metal. The ECAP deformation was performed at room temperature by route Bc. Constant load creep tests in tension were conducted at 373 K under different stresses. The values of the stress exponent n of the minimum creep rate for ultrafine-grained material were determined. Microstructure of samples was characterized by scanning electron microscope equipped with the electron backscatter diffraction unit. Heterogeneity of microstructure was evaluated by coefficient of variation CVa. It was found that the fracture behavior in UFG materials is influenced by GBS, formation of mesoscopic shear bands and cavitation.
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Effect of different number of ECAP passes on creep in Cu-Zr alloy
Král, Petr ; Dvořák, Jiří ; Svoboda, Milan ; Kvapilová, Marie ; Sklenička, Václav
A coarse-grained binary Cu-0.2wt%Zr alloy was processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) in order to evaluate the effect of severe plastic deformation on the thermal stability of resulting ultrafine-grained microstructure after ECAP and on creep behaviour of the pressed alloy. Constant stress creep tests in tension were conducted at temperature 673 K and at the different applied stresses. It was found that the Cu-0.2Zr alloy after the first four ECAP passes exhibited higher creep resistance by comparison with unpressed state. However, the alloy processed by 8 ECAP passes showed faster creep rate than unpressed material under the same loading conditions. The measured value of stress exponent of the creep rate n~6 indicates possibility of an intragranular deformation mechanism as the rate-controlling process in creep of an alloy after 8 ECAP passes. Furthermore, creep behaviour of ECAPed material may be influenced by mesoscopic boundary sliding along shear bands.
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Creepové chování hliníkových slitin zpracovaných metodou ECAP
Král, Petr ; Dvořák, Jiří ; Kvapilová, Marie ; Svoboda, Milan ; Sklenička, Václav
This work examines creep behaviour in ultrafine-grained aluminum alloys (with Mg and Sc). The coarse-grained materials were subjected to ECAP (equal-channel angular pressing) at room temperature. The microstructural investigations were performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The experiments show that ECAP reduced the average grain size to ~300 - 400 nm and led to the higher occurrence of high-angle boundaries in comparison with the coarse-grained material. The movement of boundaries and the growth of grains, created by ECAP, was restricted by nano Al3Sc coherent precipitates (up to 10 nm).Constant stress creep tests in compression were conducted at the applied stresses from 10 to 80 MPa and temperature of 473 K . In this work the values of the stress exponent for UFG materials and the unpressed material were determined. creep rates recorded for the as-pressed samples were significantly faster, by about two orders of magnitude, than the unpressed alloys.
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