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Forest die-off influence on soil water and temperature regime at experimental plot in the Rašelinový brook catchment (NP Krkonoše)
Vesecká, Martina ; Šípek, Václav (advisor) ; Ouředníček, Petr (referee)
This thesis examines the impact of forest die-off on the soil water and temperature regime at an experimental site in the Krkonoše National Park. The research focuses on a specific site affected by a bark beetle outbreak and compares it to a healthy reference site. Field measurements were conducted from May 16, 2022, to December 31, 2023, including soil moisture, soil temperature, LAI (Leaf Area Index), and hydraulic soil properties. The data were then analyzed and used to create a HYDRUS-1D hydropedological model, which provided estimates for unmeasured variables such as evaporation, transpiration, and water runoff into the subsoil. Based on the modeled data, a comprehensive water balance was constructed for both the die-off site and the healthy forest. The results of this study provide insight into how forest die-off affects the soil water balance and temperature dynamics. The findings highlight the complex interaction between the physiological state of the vegetation, soil conditions, and climatic factors. Key words: soil moisture, soil temperature, bark beetle, Krkonoše, HYDRUS-1D
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Influence of air humidity, air and soil temperature and soil moisture on diameter increment of Pinus spp.
Bartoš, Radek
Increments of hourly intervals of Pinus oocarpa was measured during the year 2015. The research was based in Villa Rica area, Peru. Each hour change of stem was measured by band dendrometer even climatic values like air temperature, air humidity, soil temperature and soil water availability were measured every hour too. The measured tree is part of agroforestry system of coffee, where shading tree is the main role. Measured climatic values were compared to daily changes and weekly changes of the stem. A statistically significant effect (p<0.001) was found only for the temperature and humidity of the air and their effect on changes in the strain during day and night. The above graphs have a clear effect on other values where statistical significance has not been demonstrated.
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Importance of biotic and abiotic components in feedback between plants and soil
Hanzelková, Věra ; Pánková, Hana (advisor) ; Knappová, Jana (referee)
The plant-soil feedback affects the forming of a plant community. Plants affect their own species as well as other species. The plant-soil feedback can be both positive and negative. Plants affect soil, change its properties, and the soil affects the plants reciprocally. Soil components can be divided into biotic and abiotic ones. The abiotic component is represented by physical and chemical properties of the soil. The main properties are the soil structure, the soil moisture, the soil temperature, the soil pH and the amount and availability of nutrients. The biotic component is composed of soil biota. The individual organisms can function as decomposers, symbionts and pathogens. The majority of soil organisms is composed of microorganisms, the most important of which are fungi and bacteria. The effect of the abiotic component in plant-soil feedback is mostly nonspecific, while the effect of the biotic component is more specific. These components interact with each other and determine the resulting effect on the plants and the type and intensity of interaction between various plant species. The aim of this thesis is to show the importance of these components in the plant-soil feedback. Key words: plant-soil feedback, abiotic factors, biotic factors, soil structure, soil water, soil temperature, pH,...
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Specifika mikroklimatu pšenice a výskyt vybraných patogenů v této souvislosti
Minaříková, Ladislava
In 2015, the microclimatic monitoring of winter wheat canopy in location of Branišovice and Žabčice (the Czech Republic, central Europe) was established. Air temperature and humidity were measured in the ground layer of the vegetation. The soil temperature was measured in the depth of 5 centimetres. Measured data were compared with the data from the nearest climatological weather stations. Charts of differences between the microclimate of the undergrowth and the climate at the station were created. Data were evaluated using linear or polynomial regression analysis to create relation models between observed meteorological measurements. According to the Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture methods, the occurrence of the leaf pathogens was observed. The development of temperatures and humidity had been evaluated before the diseases struck.
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Teplotní režim v porostní mezeře dospělého smrkového porostu
Božka, Jaroslav
Name: Jaroslav Božka The name of bachelor thesis: Temperature regime in the stand space within the adult spruce stand Transformation of forest monoculture to the forests close to nature is most discussed within professional forestry company in the last decades. When converting forest monoculture to the forests close to nature there is also necessary to obtain information about stand climate that is created in the newly planted stands because the stand climate significantly affects the production processes of forest trees. In the thesis an analysis of the temperature regime in the fir-beech stand below the canopy of adult spruce stand was made at the study site of Rájec (Drahanská vrchovina Highlands) during the growing season (May-October) of 2013. Temperature in the fir-beech stand below the canopy of adult spruce stand and in the adult spruce stand was different, which was caused by different radiation regime in stands, which significantly modified the temperature regime. In the fir-beech stand growing below the canopy of adult spruce stand a specific temperature regime was creating. The temperature regime varied depending on the amount of penetrating solar radiation and depending on the physiological processes of growth (development of stand foliage, transpiration processes). Aperture adult spruce stand was suitable protection for the development of fir-beech stand planted below the canopy of adult spruce stand because reduced temperature fluctuations.
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Influence disturbance of forest on the temperature and humidity of soil
PAVLAS, Jiří
In this study, I attempted to evaluate the impact of two forest disturbances on the soil temperature and humidity in spruce forest. The spruce forests were attacked by bark beetle in the Březník area 17 years ago. Two types of management were applied after the bark beetle attack. The first approach was clear cutting and removing dead trees. The second approach was non-interventional and this zone was left to natural succession. This study compares differences in daily temperature amplitude and volumetric soil humidity between both types of management. I tried to evaluate whether the soil temperature and humidity conditions are explained more by influence of the management or by vegetation cover. Results showed significant difference in daily temperature amplitudes. Temperature amplitudes are about 49 % higher in clear cut areas than in areas with natural succession. Differences are insignificant in soil humidity conditions. The influence of the vegetation on soil temperature and humidity is insignificant. I, too, compared soil temperature and humidity from Březník areas (17 years after disturbance) and Prameny Vltavy areas where the spruce forest decayed recently.
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