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Vliv vyvětvování na tloušťkový a výškový přírůst třešně ptačí (Prunus avium L.) v podmínkách ŠLP "Masarykův les" Křtiny
Žalek, Mikuláš
Wild cherry produces very valuable wood that can increase economic benefits in forest management. In order to achieve quality cherries, it is necessary to carry out the pruning, which gradually achieves straight, long and knotless trunks. The aim of the work was to evaluate the reaction of cherries to different ways of pruning. The research took place in four young stands located at the TFE Křtiny. The results confirm that the pruning has a negative effect on the diameter increment. The more powerful the crown reduction, the more increment decreases. The effect of pruning on the height increment did not prove certainly. A practical recommendation is to realise a milder or selective pruning method that does not reduce significantly the diameter increment. Wild cherries should be pruned in time, repeatedly after two to three years, when the branches are not too thick, and a rapid healing of the cutting wounds can be expected. In addition, it is necessary to grow cherry trees with nurse species, which protect their trunks from the sunlight causing secondary shoots.
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Zhodnocení biologického potenciálu dřevin v lokalitě Senická třešňová alej
Ševčíková, Hana
Examined cherry alley is located in Senica (Trnava region, Slovakia). The main aim of this thesis was to register signs of presence of insects species at eight representative sample trees. Based on the results were suggested future interventions with emphasis on support of biodiversity. Notably significant was discovery of presence of cavity-specialised species – beetles of genus Oryctes and genus Cetonia. Based on this discovery was suggested relevant intervention. Surprising result was finding a very small amount of presence signs of genus Antaxia, which was highly expected. This might be caused by chemicals used in the agricultural enviroment nearby the alley.
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Růst a postavení třešně ptačí v porostech na LZ Židlochovice
Sklenářová, Monika
Rapidly growing cherry trees are valuable. As the forests may espouse as ecological and even economic function. In order to could have these in the forest stands to be achieved it is necessary artificial pruning trees. My research conducted in three undergraduate work at LZ Židlochovice. In the A- Growth was evaluated the thickness and height increment cherries for a period of three years in 2016. The pruning was done only once. The research B was started in 2017 and in the same year was prunned a part of trees. Effect of pruning of thickness and height increment was studied for 2 years. The research C was evaluated the influence of agroforestry for one each tree from 2017 to 2019 (for two years). The results showed that in A and B researches the pruning should not have had negative effect on height increment, however, in the growth B the pruning had a positive influence on height increment. In the both (A and B), in the contrary, the pruning conducted to reduce thickness of increment. In the C research are shown positive effects on growing out of cherries. The results show that the pruning of the cherry an important educational intervention, but it must be done in a timely and regular manner.
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Inventarizace populace třešně ptačí na lesnickém úseku Soběšice (polesí Vranov, ŠLP Křtiny)
Hönig, Květoslav
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the condition of the wild cherry population in the forest stand 85A9 in section Soběšice (Forest District Vranov, TFE Křtiny) in order to get an idea of its state and usability in forest management. Cherries in the research area were localized using a GPS navigation device. The diameter of their trunk was evaluated as well as the total height, the crown base height and, according to the classification by prof. Polanský, the shape of cherries and their position in the stand. Selected indicators of their health status were also evaluated. The results showed that the average height of the local cherries is 9.23 m and the diameter of the trunk is 13.57 cm. More than half of the cherries have a deformed 3rd quality trunk and show one of the selected defects. Thus the value of cherries in this research area lies more in their aesthetic rather than commercial benefits.
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Postavení a výchova třešně ptačí v porostu ve stavu převodu na les střední (ŠLP Křtiny - polesí Vranov)
Žalek, Mikuláš
Wild cherry is a promising tree for our forest management for ecological and economical reasons. In order to achieve a higher economic valuation of cherry wood, a special silvicultural measure must be carried out - artificial pruning. The pruning means removing the lower large branches and thus obtaining long, more quality boles without knots. The pruning of cherries took place in two differently old stands at the Training Forest Enterprise Křtiny. In stand A young wild cherry trees were pruned in three different ways: leaving only this year's increment (S), leaving the last whorl (P) and control, i.e. no pruning (K). In stand B several target trees, that were pruned, were selected and several control cherries without pruning for comparison of increments. The results show that pruning does not influence height growth, but the diameter growth has decreased with increasing intensity of pruning. The same decrease is observed for basal area increment. The data suggest that pruning should be done moderately at a younger stage of cherry development, when the removed branches are not too large.
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Ekonomické aspekty pěstování třešně ptačí (Prunus aviumL./ L.) s ohledem na podmínky Přírodních lesních oblastí 30 – Drahanská vrchovina a 35 – Jihomoravské úvaly
Vítková, Kateřina
The diploma thesis is deals with the economic aspects of the cultivation of Wild Cherry (Prunus avium L.) in the natural forest area 30 – Drahans´s upland and 35 – South Moravia´s ravines. Part of the thesis is an evaluation of the state of the Wild Cherry wood market in the Czech republic and creation of the proposal for foundation and upbringing of Wild Cherry stands. The main documents for the work were Regional works of forest development and Regional forest-typological elaborations for the natural forest areas, data from field measurements and surfy. Wild Cherry wood of Czech republic is insufficient range and the wood is of poor quality very often on the market. This can be considered as one of the reasons why the cherry wood is not interested in the processing of cherry wood, and it is usually custom-made during processing.
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Ekonomické aspekty pěstování třešně ptačí (Prunus aviumL./ L.) na Školním lesním podniku Masarykův les Křtiny
Vítková, Kateřina
The bachelor thesis deals with economics evaluation of Wild Cherry (Prunus avium L.) growing on the Training Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest Křtiny. The work also includes evaluation the simultaneous occurrence of stat of Wild Cherry in Czech republic. Importatnt documents were forest management plan of working-plan area on the Training Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest Křtiny and others documents for natural area Drahanská´s upland. Next dosuments were data from field measurements, questionnaire for Forest Nurseries, internet survey and data forestry organizations and companies engaged in forestry research and business with a timber. Wild Cherry is on the Training Forest Enterprise most sold as hard-wood broadleaves firewood or small private processors sold at negotiated prices. Wild Cherry in Chzech republic is not registered and most companies and organizations does not seem too interested of this wood plant.
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Use of molecular markers for pedigree reconstruction of wild cherry half-sib progenies
Jirková, Michaela ; Korecký, Jiří (advisor) ; Sedlák, Petr (referee)
The aim of my master thesis was to reconstruct the pedigree of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) half sib progeny using microsatellite markers. The cherries (Prunus avium L.) are grown for the purpose of establishing plantations half-sib progeny, to verify the registration of mother and traced his father between the clones represented in the seed orchards, or reveal paternal gamete contamination. Technically there is a transfer of individuals half-sib offspring to full-sib offspring. Literary analysis was performed focusing on the issue of pedigree reconstruction using molecular markers and the theory of the breeding cycle focusing on offspring testing was incorporated. The study was conducted on material from the seed orchard Obrovice, owner VLS s. p. (Parental population) and seedlings grown from these individuals for the purpose of establishing half-sib offspring testing in the forest nursery Lhota. As part of their research were collected samples, all clones of parental populations and 268 individuals from the offspring recording evenly respective parent clones.
Subsequently DNA was isolated. Microsatellite analysis was performed on 16 polymorphic loci and realized the pedigree reconstruction using software GeneMarker and software Cervus. Results are recorded at the end and progeny structure was described in detail. Pedigree knowledge will continue to be used in the future in genetic evaluation of individuals based offspring and enables significant acceleration of the whole of the breeding cycle.
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Analysis of population structure in the seed orchard of wild cherry Prunus avium L.
Krejzková, Anna ; Korecký, Jiří (advisor) ; Čepl, Jaroslav (referee)
The seed orchard of Prunus avium L., Čejkovka, LS LČR Lužná, was established in 2002. Low seed production is characteristic for the orchard. First seed collection took place in 2015, summing up to 35 kilograms. Based on genetic analysis, S locus alleles and microsatellite data were detected. Furthermore, phenology of blooming and fertility of individual ramets was observed. It was detected that from the registered 59 clones, 46 clones were of different genotypes and 29 clones are diferrent in S locus. Approximately 37% ramets in the orchard are genetically identical. In 2015, a total of 45% ramets produced seeds. Based on evidence, the effective number of clones in the orchard is 31, 12 based on SSRs and 10 based on S locus. The number of seed producing clones in 2015 was 20 based on evidence, 8 based on SSRs and only 5 based on S locuses. In order to achieve higher seed production it would be appropriate to partially supplement genetically identical clones with those of different genotypes. An additional option would be utilizing the existing orchard to collect grafts to establish a new, appropriately designed, orchard.
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