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Specifika reprodukce koní
Maňasová, Michaela
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of specifics in the breeding and reproduction of horses. The theoretical part firstly describes genital organs of mares as well as stallions and the differences from other species of livestock. Next the thesis characterizes mare’s sexual cycle and methods of horse reproduction regarding their advantages and disadvantages. The next section of the theoretical part gives attention to specifics of the whole reproductive cycle and its comparison to other livestock. And the final part of the theoretical part provides the options for affecting the mare’s sexual cycle. The practical part covers the evaluation of reproductive traits of horse breeding in Hřebčín Vlachovice between 2015 – 2018 period. During these reproduction seasons, there were two stallions – Age of Jape and Ray of Light. It is looked on indicators as the amount of covered and pregnant broodmares, fertility of stallions, effectivity of mare’s getting pregnant or mare’s ability to get pregnant after having a foal. As the last but not least factor watched in the thesis is using hormonal products at mares.
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Zhodnocení zařazených plemenných hřebců v chovu českého teplokrevníka po roce 2000
Kotková, Simona
The aim of the thesis was to create a literature search of the Czech warmblood bred, important breeds involved in its breeding and subsequent analysis of breeding stallion approved for Czech warmblood breeding in individual years from 2000 to the present. The basic database consisted of 530 stallions belonging to 14 different breeds. Out of the total number of sires, the Czech warmblood horse was the most represented during the entire period of 22 years, at 31,13 %. Of the foreign sport breeds, the Holstein horse breed was the most represented at 15,28 %. The average sire was included in breeding for 11 years, while during his breeding period he produced an average od 26,08 offspring. Of the total number of 530 horses, 26,23 % were stallions from local stud farms (ZH) and 73,77 % were private stallions (S). Of the total number of offspring (13,825) of all sires, ZH offspring accounted for 38,68 % and S offspring for 51,32 %. The largest representation of own jumping and dressage performance was in jumping performance S-ST** 26,98 % and in dressage L 4,72 %.
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Českomoravský belgický kůň a jeho využití v minulosti a současnosti
Bartoš, Michal
The bachelor thesis describes the history and breeding of the Czech-Moravian Belgian horse breed. Its development, current rearing and areas of its use. This breed is also referred to as the Belgian horse, or the Belgian draft horse is the most common breed of cold-blooded horses. Part of the bachelor thesis is an analysis of the frequency of use of stallions in insemination. Stallions in Tlumačov and Písek stud farms were monitored. Data collection took place in the case of Tlumačov between 2009 and 2020. Data for the years 2012 to 2019 were collected in the Písek. The percentage of conception of these stallions was evaluated. There were 11 stallions working in the stud farm in Písek, with which a total of 176 mares were inseminated. The average conception in this stud farm is 58.86 %. There were 9 stallions in Tlumačov, with which 200 mares were inseminated, with an average conception value of 68.90 %
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Věková struktura populace plemenných hřebců plemen chovaných v ČR
PÍCHOVÁ, Vladimíra
work deals with the age structure of stallions of selected breeds, which they use for breeding. These are the Czech warmblood, the Old Kladruby horse, the Czech-Komoravian Belgian horse, the Welsh pony and cob breeds, and the Shetland pony. The aim was to explain the concepts associated with horse breeding and breeding activities of stallions. In the work itself, the age structure of stallions of individual breeds was compared, in the categories up to 8 years, 8-15 years, and in the category 16 years and more. The development of these age categories is monitored in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020. Furthermore, the mating activity of stallions was monitored according to age, number of matings and births of foals.
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Hodnocení plodnosti hřebců a klisen v podmínkách přirozené plemenitby
ZOUBKOVÁ, Lucie
The bachelor's thesis "The Evaluation of fertility in natural service stallions and mares" focuses on the fertility of natural service stallions and mares and the results of breeding thoroughbred horses in the reference period. It analyses all forms of natural service that can be used in the horse breeding, the reproduction of wild horses, advantages and disadvantages of this method and its use in the Czech Republic. The study describes sexual behaviour of horses that is supressed by the modern methods of reproduction, unlike natural service.
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Dostupnost chladnokrevných hřebců pro zapouštění klisen v přirozené plemenitbě
BALOUŠKOVÁ, Lidmila
The diploma thesis deals with the availability of cold blood stallions for mating with mares in natural breeding. There are currently three breeds of cold blood horses in the Czech Republic. It is a Noriker horse, a Silesian horse and a Czech-Moravian Belgian horse. In 2020, the total number of horses in the Czech Republic was 92 172, of which 1 352 were Noric horse, 1 365 Silesian horse and 1 971 Czech-Moravian Belgian horse. A total of 132 cold blooded stallions and 532 cold blooded mares were included in the monitoring, which were reproductive active between 2017-2019. In stallions, the age structure, the development of basic body dimensions, the proportion of original genes, the level of performance achieved and the location of the stallion, i.e., the breeding station were monitored. In the case of cold blood mares, the location of the mare was monitored, which was important for determining the distance to the selected stallion. Finally, an economic evaluation was performed
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Semen quality of stallions involved in breeding
VOKROUHLÍKOVÁ, Jana
The main objective of the study was to determine the seminal characteristics of warmblooded stallions, to assess a relationship between motility parameters of spermatozoa and sperm head dimensions (Experiment 1) and to compare the ability of three milk-based extenders to preserve the motility and viability of cooled shipped semen (Experiment 2) using Sperm Class Analyzer (SCA, MICROPTIC SL). In Experiment 1, 32 and 36 ejaculates were collected during breeding seasons 2016 and 2017 from 10 clinically healthy and fertile warmblooded stallions (age 3- 22 years). The volume of ejaculate (mL), sperm concentration (M/mL), motility of sperm with kinematic parameters, viability of sperm (%) and sperm morphometry with morphometric parameters were evaluated. In Experiment 2, 21 ejaculates from 11 stallions were collected before the beginning of the breeding season 2018 and diluted with Kenney, EquiPlus and INRA 96. Spermatozoa viability (VIT, %), total motility (MOT, %), progressive motility (PMOT, %) and selected kinematic parameters were evaluated for 63 semen samples. These parameters were determined 2 hours after semen processing and then in 24, 48 and 72-hour intervals of storage at 5 °C. The following average values were found in the obtained ejaculate samples for the observed periods of the breeding seasons 2016 and 2017 - volume of ejaculate 49.22 and 56.77 ml, sperm concentration 208.20 and 222.19 M/ml, MOT 82.44 and 81.38 %, PMOT 37.34 and 35.46 %, VIT 60.71 and 42.91 %, morphologically normal sperm 75.00 and 64.50 %, curvilinear velocity (VCL) 62.67 and 60.26 ?m/s, straight-line velocity (VSL) 32.10 and 27.55 ?m/s, average path velocity (VAP) 48.14 and 44.35 ?m/s, linearity coeficient (LIN) 50.64 and 44.89 %, straightness coeficient (STR) 66.56 and 62.01 %, wobble coeficient (WOB) 75.74 and 72.12 %, amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) 2.59 and 2.90 ?m, beat- cross frequency (BCF) 7.32 and 7.49 Hz, head length (L) 6.33 and 6,41 ?m, head maximum width (W) 3.01 and 3.11 ?m, head area (A) 15.65 and 16.37 ?m2, head perimeter (P) 16.26 and 16.55 ?m, elongation (Elong ) 0.36 and 0.35, ellipticity (Ellip) 2.11 and 2.07, roughness (Rugo) 0.74 and 0.75 and regularity (Regu) 0.96. There where significant differences among stallions in all evaluated parameters of sperm (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the influence of age and fertility of stallions was also demonstrated for the observed parameters. MOT, PMOT, VCL, VSL, VAP, LIN and WOB were positively correlated with area, width, length and perimeter of the head and negatively correlated with elongation and ellipticity of the sperm head. Sperms with larger head dimensions thus had larger MOT, PMOT, VCL, VSL, VAP, LIN, WOB, STR and smaller ALH and BCF. In contrast, sperms with greater elongation and ellipticity had lower motility and kinematic parameters. The effect of the extender (P < 0.05) and the storage time (P < 0.001) was highly significant for evaluated parameters. The ejaculates extended with INRA 96 reached significantly higher values (P < 0.01) for all evaluated parameters compared to Kenney extender. The INRA 96 extender significantly increased the values of PMOT, VCL and VAP compared to EquiPlus (P < 0.05). The results obtained from using INRA 96 showed that quality of cooled semen can be sufficiently maintained during at least 24 hours of storage.
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Rozdíly v aktivitě spermií hřebců
NOVOTNÁ, Lucie
One of the requirements for a successful artificial insemination is the quality of stallion´s ejaculate. This thesis deals with influence of sperm velocity fraction on fertility. Semen samples in this thesis were evaluated by using an objective computerized method CASA, system SCA. Sperm motility in monitoring was performed in 75 samples from 12 stallions involved in artificial insemination fresh sperm in ZH Písek. Total and progressive motility, rapid, medium and slow motility were monitored. Stallion´s age was from 3-21 years. The average of fertility was 56,19 %. The average of total motility was 78,07 %. The average of progressive motility was 38,35 %. Furthermore, the spermatozoa were divided into 3 velocity fractions and the average percentage of the individual fractions in the samples was as follows: 27,30 % rapid spermatozoa, 21,27 % medium spermatozoa and 29,50% slow spermatozoa. Then the average percentage of rapid progressive spermatozoa (13,43 %), medium progressive spermatozoa (24,92 %) and non-progressive spermatozoa (39,72 %) were found. There was a positive correlation between fertility and the rate of rapid motile spermatozoa (r=0,34). The difference between individual stallions (p-value < 0,01) in the mean percentage of rapid spermatozoa in the ejaculate was demonstrated. The stallion with the highest rate of rapid motile spermatozoa and the best pregnancy was welsh part-bred stallion. On the other hand, the worst pregnancy results and one of the lowest percentages of rapid motile spermatozoa had noriker stallion. The highest success rate of pregnancy was found after the second insemination.The results of this work have shown that the quality of the ejaculate has a very significant effect on good pregnancy but it is just one of many acting factors.
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HODNOCENÍ PLODNOSTI HŘEBCŮ V PŘIROZENÉ PLEMENITBĚ
ZÁHOROVÁ, Pavla
The aim of the bachelor thesis was to collect information about horse reproduction. It was evaluated the outcome of breeding mares and fertility of stallions at the selected breeding station. It was collected information from literary data about factors that influence fertility. The results of the work illustrate data about fertility of three stallions in season 2018. It was found that the using of stallions is not equal and intensity of using depends on breeder's interest. Frequency of using stallions is determined by intensity of mare's heat. The most intensive use of stallions was in May and June. Mares were breed at one heat three times on average. Success of the breeding was 59% and more. Time of ejaculation was on average 9 seconds and it was ascertained important differences between length of preparation before breeding mare, because stallions have different preferences to specific mare. Stallions used for breeding and sports have higher requirements on feed quantity and quality in order to retain good condition and high fertility. Popularity of stallions is affected by their results in sports in previous seasons.
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Otcovská role harémového samce: Analýza interakcí hřebec-hříbě
ŠANDLOVÁ, Kateřina
The aim of this thesis was to analyze the interactions between stallion and his offspring in two socially natural herds of Exmoor ponies. These interactions have not been thoroughly revised yet. We studied and compared aggressive and friendly interactions, snapping of the foals and play behavior between the individuals, with the main focus on the foal-stallion interactions. The results suggest, that the stallion is the most common adult recipient of foal behaviour and can play an important role in the foals motorical and social development.
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