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The role of public administration in the field of public health protection
Lepičová, Anhelina ; Pikola, Pavel (advisor) ; Jaromír, Jaromír (referee)
Masters thesis deals with an issue of public authorities which protect and support public health using their competences. It identifies selected public authorities in the theoretical part and also it explores their jurisdiction. Mentioned authorities are administrated by the different ministries. Thats why there is a focus on practical activities of these authorities. Particularly, there is the focus on the overlapping in their ordinary, preventive and repressive competences. On the other side, attention is also paid to cooperation between the public authorities and its importance. Practical part of the thesis is aimed on some competences imperfections between the authorities, especially in the field of the public catering. There is the main Czech public law in the centre of attention which covers public food safety. Problems with practical application of this law, especially the problems with application of its amendments, are shown on the several practical examples. At the end, the thesis mentioned advantages and disadvantages which provides the amendments for the owners of the food companies and their customers.
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Performace measurement and assessement of catering services in the two following establishments - Children's Stacionary and The Center of Social Serrices.
HOUDKOVÁ, Ester
In the course of human history man has been changing his choice of food, the way of its acquisition and preparation. At present nutrition is considered to be a part of our lifestyle, on the one side it presents a source of energy, on the other side a source of vital nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Nutrition is widely affected by the socio-economic terms and conditions of the particular individual, at the same time it is a factor with a strong impact on man not only in terms of meeting his basic needs, but also in terms of his psychology. Nowadays, nutrition presents a widely discussed topic with respect to the risks of civilisation disorders, obesity in particular. Current professional estimates suggest that nutrition participates in the health condition of population by 40 to 60 percent. The objective of my work consists in mapping and comparing the conditions of operation in two social care institutions providing catering services, namely ``Dětský stacionář Světluška o.p.s.{\crqq} and Social Care Centre Empatie, which is a part of the social care institution Libnič. The technical and operational conditions in terms of public health protection standards as related to the current legislation were dealt with. In both studied institutions an analysis and evaluation of the all-day catering of clients in compliance with the principles of healthy nutrition including drinking regime were carried out. The intake of milk, milk products, fruits and vegetables, wholemeal products (bakery products in particular), the introduction of fish meals to the menus as compared with the standards of healthy nutrition and the food pyramid were studied. The last but not least criterion of the study was the finding that clients, due to lack of exercise, tend to show a higher body mass index {--} a heavier weight {--} as compared with the recommended values. 80 clients were monitored in the Empatie institution, both children and adults, 30 clients with their age ranging between 4 and 29 years were studied in Světluška. The Hypotheses H2 and H3 predicting that all-day catering menus would show insufficient intake values of milk, milk products, fruits, vegetables, fish and wholemeal products on the one side, and on the other side that the technical and operational conditions of rendered catering services in terms of public health protection standards would comply with the valid legislation could be confirmed by the research carried out in both social institutions. The theory of Hypothesis H1 related to the evaluation of the weight values of clients in both institutions due to lack of exercise has been disproved. The research results will be provided both to the two studied institutions for the purposes of increasing their quality of rendered services, and to the Regional Authority of Public Health and Hygiene KHS of the South Bohemian Region based in České Budějovice. Here they can serve as a source of information as related to the elaboration of check plans. The results can also be used as data for further research and studies in the field of preventive supervision.
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Quality of internal environment-Ice Arena in České Budějovice-measures taken due to the public health supervision
BĚHOUNKOVÁ, Markéta
Internal environment is an environment in which we spend most of our time. That is the reason why it has a significant impact on our physical health and mental wellbeing. Yet, there are a number of factors that may pose health risks; and that is why this issue should not be underestimated. The objective of the diploma thesis at hand is to assess the results as they were recorded in a targeted public health supervision focused on the guality of internal environment. The said state supervision was imposed by the Chief Public Health Officer of the Czech Republic of 14th March 2007 on Regional Hygiene Authorities including Prague Hygiene Authority, directors of Regional Hygiene Authorities, and directors of health institutions. Based on the reports on measurements of selected quality indicators in the internal environment of the Ice Arena in České Budějovice and their outcomes regarding the quality of the internal environment, the author expects to come to a conclusion which would confirm that measures taken due to the public health supervision have been sufficient in terms of efficiency. The given objective has been confirmed in the chapter ?Outcomes?. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis observes findings dealing with atmosphere in general, internal environment, and state public health supervision. The research part of the thesis was completed employing a qualitative research. Methods employed in data collection were observation and documents analysis. The data collection was carried out by secondary data analysis. All data were gained, firstly, from the results of the measurements carried out by the Hygiene Authorities of the Health Institution after these had been assessed (in 2007 under the auspices of the Health Institute based in České Budějovice, and in 2011 under the auspices of the Health Institute based in Plzeň), and, secondly, studiyng in detail related file documents provided by the Regional Hygiene Authority of the Region of South Bohemia based in České Budějovice. Unfortunately, there are no papers or books available on the topic to compare the thesis with. This thesis may be utilized by professionals at the Regional Hygiene Authority of the Region of South Bohemia based in České Budějovice during further research, and even by general public when providing information on the quality of internal environment of this important sport facility.
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Epidemiologic characteristics of nosocomial contagions
VODIČKOVÁ, Šárka
The bachelor´s thesis for the topic {\clqq}Epidemiologic characteristics of nosocomial contagions `` has a character of a research. The thesis is divided into two sections, the theoretical and practical ones. The theoretical section presents the view of nosocomial contagions. It is divided into four chapters, in which there are concisely shown the pieces of knowledge on history of nosocomial contagions, on causative agents of contagions and their sources, was of transduction onto a sensitive individual, furthermore on kinds of nosocomial contagions and possibilities of prevention. In the practical section the attention is focused particularly on problems of state health surveillance within prevention of nosocomial contagions. The aim of the thesis was, on the basis of consultations with officers of the public health protection authority and study of documentation, to make familiar with problems of the state surveillance over operation of the health institutions including the range and sequence of acts within its performance. And subsequently to try to type of health workplaces, where there is the highest risk of origin of nosocomial contagions. And to ascertain, how the situation in question will develop for the four-year period. The Hypothesis 1 assumes that the highest risk of origin of nosocomial contagions refers to the health workplaces of surgical character, where there are carried out the performances, within which there is damaged the integrity of tissular barriers. The Hypothesis 2 expects that the frequency of defects in the health workplaces decreased for the monitored period. The Hypothesis 3 assumes that for the monitored period there came to improvement of situation in equipment of health workplaces with consumable medical material. For the purpose of verifying or rebutting the hypotheses it is applied the quantitative research in combination with the qualitative one, carried out by means of the analysis of documentation of the control departments in the health institutions. The file is formed by the control findings of hygienic stations for the four-year period. The sense of this thesis is the evaluation of pieces of knowledge of the control findings, elaboration of the survey of the most frequently occurring defects in health institutions and the attempt of ascertaining the trend of development for four-year period. The thesis may serve as a guideline of directing the control activities in the future period.
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Professional Contagions in Health Service
MARTINCOVÁ, Pavlína
The topic of my bachelor thesis is Professional Infections in Health Care. The definition of professional infection marks the diseases which affect certain profession groups at higher rate than other population. At assessing it is necessary to prove that an affected person got into touch with infection during service, and that the risk of infectious disease during work was demonstrably higher than in common life (Göpfertová, 2005). The most significant risk in health service is the transmission of infections and thus higher possibility of professional infection occurrence in a health worker. That is why it is important for health workers to have maximum information on these problems. Professional infections can be announced and acknowledged as contagious and parasitic occupational diseases. They belong to V. chapter in the list of occupational diseases and have legislatively social and economical consequences for an affected person. According to the statistics of the last few years the most frequently repeating diagnoses are as following: scabies, viral hepatises and tuberculosis. To prevent the infections it is important to adhere to hygienic and against-epidemic mode, barrier nursing care. Thus it is necessary for the health workers to have knowledge in following: which diseases belong to professional infections, how they are transmitted, what possibilities of prevention exist, and also that the affection by these infections can have serious health consequences. It is also necessary that complex occupational health care was administered within the whole range. Simultaneously, the health workers should be aware that according to valid legislation they are entitled to protection and safety of their health during service. The investigative part was carried out on the basis of quantitative research. The method of data collection was questioning, using the technique of a questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 25 questions, 24 were closed, and 1 was half-open. The research group was non-medical workers in inpatient departments in Regional Hospital Náchod, Inc. The questionnaires were distributed to health workers apt to do health jobs without professional supervision, after gaining professional qualification (nurse, midwife) and health workers apt to do health jobs under professional supervision or direct management (health assistant, auxiliary nurse, emergency medical technician). The workers were of various age groups and practice in health care. In total, 150 questionnaires were distributed; rate of return was 115 of which 110 (100%) could be used for the final evaluation. The rest of them were discarded because they were filled in insufficiently. The first aim of my bachelor thesis was to find out about informedness on professional infections (contagious and parasitic occupational diseases) in non-medical workers in inpatient departments in Regional Hospital Náchod, Inc. The second aim was to find out about informedness on professional infections transmission and prevention in non-medical workers in inpatient departments in Regional Hospital Náchod, Inc. The third aim was to find out how the primary occupational health care is performed in non-medical workers in inpatient departments in Regional Hospital Náchod, Inc. On the basis of the results the hypothesis no. 1 was disproved. In this hypothesis I presumed that non-medical workers in inpatient departments in Regional Hospital Náchod, Inc. are informed on professional diseases (contagious and parasitic occupational diseases). Concerning the hypothesis no. 2 it can be stated that non-medical workers in inpatient departments in Regional Hospital Náchod, Inc. are informed on transmission and prevention of professional infections. This hypothesis was proved. Also no. 3 hypothesis was proved. The primary occupational health care is performed fully in non-medical workers in inpatient departments in Regional Hospital Náchod, Inc. This thesis could serve as a study material.
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