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Ecology of bryophytes in post mining sites
Fatková, Lucie ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Mudrák, Ondřej (referee)
Mining sites offer a mosaic of spoil heaps of different age, with diverse substrate characteristics. Especially problematic for vegetation development can be toxic spoil heaps with substrate from the Tertiary rocks characterized by low pH values and a high content of heavy metals. Under such conditions, bryophytes survive amongst other groups of organisms. In the frame of this master thesis occurring bryophyte species were analysed on toxic, nontoxic and recultivated spoil heaps of different age. Soil parameters (pH, conductivity, content of heavy metals, organic matter and percentage carbon and nitrogen content) were tested and further environmental variables like coverage of vegetation layers were recorded to analyse the importance of these factors for bryophyte community composition on differently managed spoil heaps. In total 37 species of bryophytes were identified on spoil heaps in Sokolov. On old non-toxic spoil heaps bryophytes reached the highest diversity. Young non- toxic recultivated spoil heaps contained the lowest number of species although they were holding the highest coverage of bryophytes. Toxic spoil heaps bore less diversity than non- toxic spoil heaps. In early stages of succession short living life forms and short functional groups of bryophytes dominated. Successional...
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Dlouhodobé sukcesní změny vegetace na výsypkách po těžbě uranu
VEJVODOVÁ, Kateřina
Vegetation sampling was carried out on uranium post-mining spoil heaps to evaluate the changes of spontaneous vegetation development after 11 years. The study was conducted in Příbram region. The species composition, participation of vegetation groups, life forms and effect of selected enviromental fakctors were considered.
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Spoil heap toxicity and possibilities for remediation
Venclovská, Lenka ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Lukavský, Jaromír (referee)
The content of this diploma thesis is to verify of possibilities for remediation spoil heap toxicity in Sokolov area, by the help of creating biological crusts. The main question of this work is the possibility of using algae to create biological crust on toxical substrates, which could improve the properties of substrates and contribute to the acceleration of succession. The correctness of this theory was tested using two tests on toxic soils in spoil heaps near Sokolov. In the first test (laboratory test) have been chosen two of the soils and the higher plants, in most cases, even did not germinate. That is why we decided to verify the second option to create biological crust in these phytotoxic soils. Therefore we applied selected kinds of algae in the field, some areas were liming, and the field has been monitoring and sampling during next three years. The results show that the application of dolomitic limestone does not affect progress of biological crusts. The result of the fluorescent microscopy clearly shows, that Klebsormidium algae was the only one of the tested algae, which survived and progressed compact visible crusts.
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Water regime of reclaimed and nonreclaimed heaps
Cejpek, Jiří ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Kuráž, Václav (referee)
Summary: Great Podkrusnohorska spoil heaps in the Sokolov region in Western Bohemia is the largest spoil heaps in the Czech Republic, which was pour million tonnes of overburden soil surface mining of brown coal. The thesis is setting on the basic characteristics of the water regime and water balance of spoil heap soil and thus follows a series of previous works dealing with the comparative development of the reclaimed and unreclaimed area. The areas are long-term monitoring of soil moisture using a dielectric soil moisture meter total water regime was monitored by subsurface with gravitation lyzimeter, runoff and throughfall rainfall. Older unreclaimed plots as well as reclaimed plots have higher porosity, water field capacity and moistre than young sites, however there are limited by water deficiency in similatr way as young sites due to increase in wilting point. Keywords: Spoil heaps, Recultivation, Soil humidity, Water supply, Water balance
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Soil water regime of reclaimed and unreclaimed post mining heaps
Cejpek, Jiří ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Moldan, Bedřich (referee) ; Tesař, Miroslav (referee)
This PhD thesis compares the water regime of reclaimed and unreclaimed spoil heaps after brown coal mining, with special regard to the development of hydrological properties of soils, which are determinant for the movement and retention of water in the soil. The basic influence on the supply of soil water has the technology of pouring the spoil heaps and aging, which co-regulates the development of vegetation. During the development of soil's spoil heaps increases field water capacity and water retention, but also increases the wilting point. These changes are related to the accumulation of organic matter in the soil and the degradation of claystones to particle size of physical clay. The development of the ability of the spoil heaps soils to bind water is greater in reclaimed areas, where the upper organomineral horizon develops more rapidly, but there is also a wilting point and water consumption. On unreclaimed area, the soil substrate develops more slowly. Overall, the differences in water regime between reclaimed and unreclaimed areas are small.
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Soil water regime of reclaimed and unreclaimed post mining heaps
Cejpek, Jiří
This PhD thesis compares the water regime of reclaimed and unreclaimed spoil heaps after brown coal mining, with special regard to the development of hydrological properties of soils, which are determinant for the movement and retention of water in the soil. The basic influence on the supply of soil water has the technology of pouring the spoil heaps and aging, which co-regulates the development of vegetation. During the development of soil's spoil heaps increases field water capacity and water retention, but also increases the wilting point. These changes are related to the accumulation of organic matter in the soil and the degradation of claystones to particle size of physical clay. The development of the ability of the spoil heaps soils to bind water is greater in reclaimed areas, where the upper organomineral horizon develops more rapidly, but there is also a wilting point and water consumption. On unreclaimed area, the soil substrate develops more slowly. Overall, the differences in water regime between reclaimed and unreclaimed areas are small.
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Soil water regime of reclaimed and unreclaimed post mining heaps
Cejpek, Jiří
This PhD thesis compares the water regime of reclaimed and unreclaimed spoil heaps after brown coal mining, with special regard to the development of hydrological properties of soils, which are determinant for the movement and retention of water in the soil. The basic influence on the supply of soil water has the technology of pouring the spoil heaps and aging, which co-regulates the development of vegetation. During the development of soil's spoil heaps increases field water capacity and water retention, but also increases the wilting point. These changes are related to the accumulation of organic matter in the soil and the degradation of claystones to particle size of physical clay. The development of the ability of the spoil heaps soils to bind water is greater in reclaimed areas, where the upper organomineral horizon develops more rapidly, but there is also a wilting point and water consumption. On unreclaimed area, the soil substrate develops more slowly. Overall, the differences in water regime between reclaimed and unreclaimed areas are small.
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Soil water regime of reclaimed and unreclaimed post mining heaps
Cejpek, Jiří ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Moldan, Bedřich (referee) ; Tesař, Miroslav (referee)
This PhD thesis compares the water regime of reclaimed and unreclaimed spoil heaps after brown coal mining, with special regard to the development of hydrological properties of soils, which are determinant for the movement and retention of water in the soil. The basic influence on the supply of soil water has the technology of pouring the spoil heaps and aging, which co-regulates the development of vegetation. During the development of soil's spoil heaps increases field water capacity and water retention, but also increases the wilting point. These changes are related to the accumulation of organic matter in the soil and the degradation of claystones to particle size of physical clay. The development of the ability of the spoil heaps soils to bind water is greater in reclaimed areas, where the upper organomineral horizon develops more rapidly, but there is also a wilting point and water consumption. On unreclaimed area, the soil substrate develops more slowly. Overall, the differences in water regime between reclaimed and unreclaimed areas are small.
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Nutrient budget in reclaimed and non reclaimed heaps
Veselá, Monika ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
Extraction of mineral resources causes landscape degradation and the aim of reclamation efforts is to restore ecosystems. Our research was carried out on spoil heaps after brown coal mining near Sokolov (Czech Republic). We compared twenty years old spontaneously developed sites and reclaimed sites afforested by alders Alnus glutinosa and A. incana. Biomass and nutrient budget were evaluated for herbs and woody plants, separately for species Salix caprea, Populus tremula and Alnus glutionosa. Alder showed significantly higher concentrations of nitrogen and carbon compared to other tree species. The total amount of biomass, carbon and nitrogen was higher on reclaimed sites whereas phosphorus was more represented on spontaneously developed sites. Most of nitrogen was accumulated in the below-ground tree biomass and the largest amount of phosphorus was in the above-ground tree biomass. Woody plants of non-reclaimed sites produced more litter whilst litter of alder stands showed a higher concentration of nitrogen. Higher values of biomass, carbon and nitrogen of reclaimed sites were probably achieved through alder ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen.
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Water regime of reclaimed and nonreclaimed heaps
Cejpek, Jiří ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Kuráž, Václav (referee)
Summary: Great Podkrusnohorska spoil heaps in the Sokolov region in Western Bohemia is the largest spoil heaps in the Czech Republic, which was pour million tonnes of overburden soil surface mining of brown coal. The thesis is setting on the basic characteristics of the water regime and water balance of spoil heap soil and thus follows a series of previous works dealing with the comparative development of the reclaimed and unreclaimed area. The areas are long-term monitoring of soil moisture using a dielectric soil moisture meter total water regime was monitored by subsurface with gravitation lyzimeter, runoff and throughfall rainfall. Older unreclaimed plots as well as reclaimed plots have higher porosity, water field capacity and moistre than young sites, however there are limited by water deficiency in similatr way as young sites due to increase in wilting point. Keywords: Spoil heaps, Recultivation, Soil humidity, Water supply, Water balance
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