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Působení bisfenolu S na lymfatické orgány potkanů
HOMOLKOVÁ, Alexandra
The presented bachelor thesis investigated the impact of a ten-week oral exposure to BPS (4 g/kg body weight/day, 50 g/kg body weight/day) in outbred Wistar Han rats. The study assessed the effect of chronic oral BPS exposure on body weight, absolute and relative weight, and dimensional parameters of the spleen, as well as histopathological changes in the thymus and spleen. Additionally, hematological parameters were monitored, including total leukocyte count and the percentage of monocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes.
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Influence of PbO and CdO nanoparticles on particular physiological functions in mouse.
Svozilová, Eva ; Vrlíková, Lucie (referee) ; Večeřa, Zbyněk (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor´s thesis is to assess the long-term effects of inhalation of nanoparticles of lead oxide and cadmium oxide on the weight of selected organs of experimental white mice. The selected organs (spleen, liver, kidney, lungs, brain) were successively collected during a period of thirteen weeks. The effect of inhalation of both metal oxides was statistically evaluated. In both study groups of the experiment (PbO and CdO), the relation between organs weight and the length of inhalation and the relation between organs weight and inhalation of differing metal concentrations were evaluated, and results both of the study groups were compared to each other.
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Production of cytokines in mice infected with bird schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti
Majer, Martin ; Macháček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Černý, Jan (referee)
The neuropathogenic trematode Trichobilharzia regenti (Schistosomatidae) infects the central nervous system of birds and mammals. During its migration through the spinal cord, the parasite causes tissue damage and triggers inflammation which is likely responsible for the elimination of the parasite. In this thesis, the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-17 were detected by immunohistochemistry in the affected spinal cord of C57BL/6J mice during the infection. Additionally, IL-4 and IL-6, participating in the regulation of the inflammation and tissue repair, respectively, were noticed. Astrocytes, microglia and other, yet unidentified cells, produced these cytokines. Furthermore, splenic T-lymphocytes were phenotyped by flow cytometry to characterize peripheral immune response. At the peak of nervous tissue inflammation, mixed (Th1/Th2) cellular immune response was observed. Taken together, this thesis extended the knowledge of cytokine immune response of mice infected with T. regenti and also confirmed that inflammation in the nervous tissue influences the polarization of peripheral immune response. Key words: cytokines, spleen, CNS, microglia, astrocytes, Trichobilharzia regenti, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry
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Local steroidogenesis in peripheral tissues and its regulation
Langová, Veronika ; Ergang, Peter (advisor) ; Hudcovic, Tomáš (referee)
The innate and adaptive immune processes are modulated by hormones including glucocorticoids and by microbiota. The exact mechanisms underlying the microbial and hormonal contributions to this control are not completely clear. Present study is therefore focused to crosstalk between microbiota and de novo biogenesis or local regeneration of glucocorticoids. In particular, the study analysed the effect of commensal microbiota on expression of genes encoding steroidogenic enzymes (Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1, Cyp21a1, Cyp11b1) and regeneration of glucocorticoids (Hsd11b1) in adrenal glands, colon, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes using conventional and germ-free mice. The expression of all 5 components of steroidogenesis was identified only in the adrenal gland and colon, whereas the lymphoid organs expressed predominantly Star, Cyp11a1 and Hsd3b1 indicating the ability to produce only progesterone but not corticosterone. Microbiota decreased the expression of Star in all studied tissues but the expression of other genes was insensitive to microbiota or did not respond homogenously depending on the tissue and gene. Hsd11b1 expression was upregulated by microbiota in the spleen but not in other tissues. Similarly, the in vitro treatment of immune cells isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes by microbial...
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Postnatální vývoj sleziny králíka
ŠTĚCHOVÁ, Kristýna
Spleen is the largest secondary lymphatic organ which develops in a short postnatal period. Information on postnatal development of rabbit spleen is minimal in available literary sources. This diploma thesis deals with the weight, morphometric and histological changes of the spleen of rabbits at age 0, 5, 10, 14, 19, 27, 32 and 39 days. During postnatal development of rabbits, a statistically significant (P <0.01) increase in the weight, length and width of the spleen occurred. The spleen of newborn rabbits was a relatively small organ with an average length of 1.03?0.12 cm, a width of 0.2?0.01 cm and a weight of 52.50?9.69 g. At age 39 days the size and shape of spleen of adult individuals (average length 4.97?0.73 cm, width 0.9?0.18 cm and weight 1078.40?143.35 g). Between the weight and morphometric parameters, high correlation coefficients were observed in the range of 0.891 to 0.998. Spleen growth was accompanied by increasing cellularisation of the parenchyma, by strengthening the connective tissue (from 8.04?1.50 m to 31.30?5.51 m) and the progressive occurrence of connective tissue in the parenchyma. In the newborn rabbits, a red pulp with a high level of erythrocytes prevailed in the spleen parenchyma. Lymphatic tissue consisted only of small irregular aggregations of basophilic mononuclear cells around several central arteries. Basophilic and vascularization increased in the course of the age and the white pulp was gradually formed. In 14 day rabbits, the marginal zone was well-known, and primary lymph nodes formed by CD79+ cells were first formed. From 14th to 39th day the spleen gradually increased the frequency and size of the individual compartments, with rare germinal centers observed in the lymph nodes until the 39th day. Throughout the course of the observation, extramedullary haematopoiesis of different intensity was seen in the spleen.
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Influence of PbO and CdO nanoparticles on particular physiological functions in mouse.
Svozilová, Eva ; Vrlíková, Lucie (referee) ; Večeřa, Zbyněk (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor´s thesis is to assess the long-term effects of inhalation of nanoparticles of lead oxide and cadmium oxide on the weight of selected organs of experimental white mice. The selected organs (spleen, liver, kidney, lungs, brain) were successively collected during a period of thirteen weeks. The effect of inhalation of both metal oxides was statistically evaluated. In both study groups of the experiment (PbO and CdO), the relation between organs weight and the length of inhalation and the relation between organs weight and inhalation of differing metal concentrations were evaluated, and results both of the study groups were compared to each other.
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