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Study of reaction cross-sections important for advanced nuclear systems
Chudoba, Petr ; Wagner, Vladimír (advisor) ; Krása, Antonín (referee) ; Krtička, Milan (referee)
The doctoral thesis is focused on measurements of neutron cross-sections mainly cross-sections of (n,xn) threshold reactions. With the dawn of advanced nuclear systems such as fast reactors of GenIV, accelerator driven system or even fusion reactors, monitoring of fast neutron fields will gain on importance. The activation detectors are one of the viable options how to monitor these neutron fields and (n,xn) reactions would be one of the best options how to do such monitoring. There is one condition though. We need to have good cross- section data in high neutron energy region. Unfortunately, the current situation is rather bad. There is only a small amount of reliable data for neutron energies above 20 MeV and with increasing energy, the situation gets only worse. For this reason, we measure the cross-sections of (n,xn) reactions on perspective materials such as yttrium, gold and tantalum with neutron energies from 17.4 up to 94 MeV. In this thesis, the measurements together with motivation and methodology are described. Obtained results are in agreement with existing data. Severe discrepancies were observed between the predictions and experimental data for high order (n,xn) reactions. This problem is discussed and solved. The results in this region are in form of cross-section values and also...
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Study of reaction cross-sections important for advanced nuclear systems
Chudoba, Petr ; Wagner, Vladimír (advisor) ; Krása, Antonín (referee) ; Krtička, Milan (referee)
The doctoral thesis is focused on measurements of neutron cross-sections mainly cross-sections of (n,xn) threshold reactions. With the dawn of advanced nuclear systems such as fast reactors of GenIV, accelerator driven system or even fusion reactors, monitoring of fast neutron fields will gain on importance. The activation detectors are one of the viable options how to monitor these neutron fields and (n,xn) reactions would be one of the best options how to do such monitoring. There is one condition though. We need to have good cross- section data in high neutron energy region. Unfortunately, the current situation is rather bad. There is only a small amount of reliable data for neutron energies above 20 MeV and with increasing energy, the situation gets only worse. For this reason, we measure the cross-sections of (n,xn) reactions on perspective materials such as yttrium, gold and tantalum with neutron energies from 17.4 up to 94 MeV. In this thesis, the measurements together with motivation and methodology are described. Obtained results are in agreement with existing data. Severe discrepancies were observed between the predictions and experimental data for high order (n,xn) reactions. This problem is discussed and solved. The results in this region are in form of cross-section values and also...
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Application of semiconductor gamma spectrometry in experimental reactor physics
KUČERA, Jan
In the present bachelor thesis, a database for efficiency calibration of a gamma-spectrometry device with cascade summing correction was built using software developed by the company Canberra. The formation of the database consists in the construction of a model for a shielding of semiconductor detector and of models for measured radioactive samples with various geometries. The designed model was tested on measured spectra of gamma radiation and a selected calibration curve was compared with the results obtained by Research Center Rez using the MCNP method. Moreover, several theoretical results were obtained in the course of this work, including the technical parameters and usage of experimental reactors at Research Center Rez and the principles of gamma radiation spectrometry in the LR-0 reactor.
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