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Preparation of a polymeric therapeutic targeting CD20 positive B-lymphomas and NK cells
Hejl, Maxmilián ; Vaněk, Ondřej (advisor) ; Bělonožníková, Kateřina (referee)
Malignant transformation of B-cells is manifested by a marked increase in the number of surface markers 20 (CD20, cluster of differentiation 20). In studying this trend, chimeric monoclonal antibodies targeting CD20 were introduced to induce apoptosis in B-lymphomas. Since the introduction of the first therapeutic monoclonal antibody rituximab, many others have been developed, with some still used to treat B-lymphomas today. Unfortunately, in many cases, resistance to these drugs is developing, and therefore the development of new types of therapeutics is still relevant. This work aims to develop a polymer-protein macromolecular conjugate capable of inducing apoptosis in CD20 positive leukemia cell lines. For this purpose, we work with biologically active vectors, so-called anti-CD20 nanobodies. This is a variable binding domain derived from the "heavy chain only" antibodies found in, e.g., llamas or camels. Compared to conventional antibodies, nanobodies are approximately ten times smaller, but their binding affinity for the antigen is not altered. For this reason, nanobodies are ideal candidates for attachment to a polymeric carrier, where poly-N-[2-(hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] (pHPMA) was chosen in this work. The transpeptidase reaction catalyzed by recombinant sortase A, which recognizes and...
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Preparation of the high-affinity binding domain of protein B7-H6
Jeníček, Jakub ; Vaněk, Ondřej (advisor) ; Čermáková, Michaela (referee)
Natural killer cells are part of innate immunity and play a key role in defending the organism. Their role in the defense against tumors and anti-tumor therapy has been the subject of multiple research projects because tumors are among the most frequent causes of death worldwide. Tumor therapy is often complicated and invasive; therefore, finding new therapeutic approaches that target naturally occurring defense mechanisms is advantageous. One of the key mechanisms used by NK cells to recognize tumor cells and eliminate them is signaling via their receptor NKp30. The binding of an activation ligand to this receptor can induce the activation of a cytotoxic response, leading to the elimination of the tumor cell. One of the activating ligands that can bind to NKp30 is B7-H6, a cell surface protein found on certain types of tumors. However, the interaction between B7-H6 and NKp30 has not been wholly described yet. This thesis focuses on different methods, which can be used for obtaining the B7-H6 domain bearing a fluorescent label, that could be used to visualize NKp30 on the cell surface, thus allowing for further description of the interaction between these molecules. KEY WORDS NK cells, NKp30, B7-H6, sortase A, HEK293
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