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The breeding management of piglets with low birth weight leading to a lower mortality rate.
ŘEZÁČ, Ivan
The aim of the first experiment was to verify the effectiveness and profitability of providing of supplemental feed to piglets. Milk feed mixture of two producers (MFM- 1 vs MFM-2) were evaluated (served ad-libitum). All piglets were suckled and were fed with the pre-starter feed mixture from the 5th day until the weaning stage. The control group without milk supplements has shown a higher piglet mortality and worse body condition of sows. The usage of milk supplements led to the elimination of the sows´ body condition loss during the suckling period and reduced feed mixture consumption in sows (P<0.05). The MFM-1 group was found to have a higher consumption of milk supplement, the lowest mortality and the lowest loss of sows´ body condition (P<0.05). However, from the economic point of view, i.e. the costs on 1 weaned pig, slightly better results have been proven at the MFM-2 milk feed mixture. In the second experiment sows were divided into 2 groups. In the first group, the piglets were fed with milk feed mixture and in the second group, nurse sows (15% of the herd) were used. Nurse sows had a longer suckling period and farrowing interval, a slightly lower number of litters per sow per year and by 0.93 lower number weaning piglets per year. Using the milk feed mixture, generated a higher business profit per year than for nurse sows. However, the fact that nurse sows block the farrowing pen should be taken into account. In case there were kept sows fewer, the business profit would be higher. The aim of the third experiment was to compare 5 trials performed with two different pre-starter feed mixture for piglets and different feeding techniques in sow farrowing house. The relationship between the number of weaned piglets and their live weight in relation to the price of the nutritional supplement has not been not proven. Feeding piglets both with the sow's milk and starter feed mixture or milk feed mixture during the day would have a positive effect on their weight. Very important part of the post- weaning period is to make sure that the piglets are able to digest the subsequent feed mixture (so-called "enzymatic training"). Further research is needed to prove the effect of individual feeds on average daily gain, piglet mortality and the economic efficiency of piglet rearing.
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Vliv vybraných faktorů na ztráty selat
Zvědělíková, Drahomíra
The diploma paper was focused on evaluation of chosen factors that influences loss of piglets since birth to weaning. Experiment was run in pre-chosen breeding herd on 80 sows of two genotypes A and B. The influence of genotype was evaluated for loss of piglet, then it´s influence on birth weight and sex, and for genotype A lose based on order of litter. There was statistically proven difference between genotypes in loss of piglets for litter. For genotype A the loss for litters was 1, 49 piglets and for genotype B it was 0,84 piglets for litter. There was also valid statistics prove of positive correlation between number of piglets that were born alive and number of reared piglets, however highly provable positive correlation between number of piglets born in litter and lose of piglets before weaning was established only for genotype A. When gender taken into account higher mortality of female piglet for genotype A 9,22 % than for genotype B 3,76 %. In case of male piglet the difference was not so striking 10,92 % for genotype A and 7,37 % for genotype B. The overall loss of male piglets was 5,31 % higher than for females piglets. Average postnatal weight of dead piglets did not differ for both genotypes too much (1,06 kg A, 1,02 kg B). Statistically unprovable difference was established for evaluation of postnatal weigh of dead piglets with opposite sex. During evaluation of number of piglets born alive in litter based on order of litter was established statistically provable difference between the first and the third litter and highly statistically provable difference between the second litter and the third litter. There was highly provable statistic difference in number of reared piglets between the third and the fourth litter. Highly provable statistic difference in number of dead piglets on litter between the first and the fourth litter and also between the second and the fourth litter was established. In a lose percentage was established statistically provable difference only between the second and the fourth litter.
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Zhodnocení intenzity růstu selat
Metnarová, Eva
This bachelor´s thesis describes indicators, which are important in rating the growth and in rearing pigs. In the beginning I, will mention a research of pigs and their growth and development, what is fattening capacity and what are other factors affecting fattening capacity and slaughter value. I will describe the rearing of piglets and their development characteristics after birth. The other half of this thesis focuses on an experiment with selected experimental group of piglets in selected piglet farm. Based on acquired values from individual weighing of these piglets I will determine their growth intensity in observed time period.
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Analýza faktorov ovplyvňujúcich reprodukčnú úžitkovosť prasníc a straty prasiatok
Kováčiková, Vilma
The master´s thesis analyzes factors impacting on efficiency of sows and mortality of piglets. The data evaluated in this thesis comes from 54 sows and 513 piglets they farrowed. It focuses on impact of particular factors on length of meantime, order of litters, birth weight of piglets, litter size, hybrid combination and individuality of the boar. Longer meantime have shown a trend of increased number of stillborn pigs and higher parity has shown shortening of meantime. Statistically highly demonstrable difference (p < 0,01) can be seen between the sixth and higher litters and the third litter. Statistically demonstrable difference can be seen between the fifth and the third litter (p < 0,05). Higher birth weight has shown decreased losses of piglets. At the same time a negative correlation has been observed between the litter size and the birth weight, resulting in proving a statistically highly demonstrable difference in the number of all born, live born and weaned piglets between the group of the heaviest subjects and the groups of lighter ones. While observing differences in hybrid combinations (CLW x CL) x CLW sire line and (CLW x CL) x D, considerably higher losses of piglets have been observed in the first group and while observing the impact of individual boars, notable differences in weight and losses of young pigs have been observed.
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Analýza reprodukční užitkovosti prasnic ve vybraném chovu
Hajátková, Iveta
The aim of this diploma thesis was to analyze reproductive performance of sows in the selected breed. In this breed, data was collected in the year 2016 and early 2017. The basic statistical characteristics were monitored for the number of all pigs born, the number of live births and the number of weaned piglets evaluated for the influence of litter rank and the influence of the boar used. The test data was tested by paired t-test. The total number of sows with reproductive parameters was number 63. The number of live piglets in the monitored period was 12.9 pieces / litter. The indicator of the number of weaned piglets was 11.9 pieces / litter. The highest average number of live-born piglets was 36 for boar, but for the change had the highest piglet losses against other boars. The litter's influences on the number of live-born piglets was 12.8 pieces / litter in the 2nd litter and in the 3rd litter 13.5 pieces / litter, this difference was statistically significant. It follows that the highest average number of live piglets in litter rank was reached on the third litter order.
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Rozbor reprodukčních parametrů prasnic ve vybraném chovu
Bezstarostiová, Martina
The main objective of the Thesis was to analyse the reproductive performance of sows in the selected breeding. Data collection took place in Vemas a.s, which is engaged in pig breeding. The data was gathered in this breeding in the period of August 8 2016 to July 31 2017 at sample of 938 sows in 1761 litters. In the litter, the age of first fertilization and parturition of sows were monitored as well as the length of gestation period itself and gestation period depending on the number of alive or dead born piglets in the litter. Furthermore, the amount of all born piglets was observed, alive and dead born ones in the litter, the number of mummified piglets, the amount of weaned piglets and the loss of piglets from birth to weaning in connection to the litter order of the sow. Most of sows were fertilized between days 230. and 249. of their age, while parturition appeared between days 350. and 359. of their age. The average length of gestation period was 115,38 days. The biggest portion of live born piglets (14,08 cases per a litter) was born at the length of 113 days of gestation period, the smallest portion of dead born piglets has been found at the lenght of gestation period between 118 and 119 days. Most of all (14,72 cases per litter) and of alive born piglets (13,91 cases per litter) were observed in the third litter, the amount of dead born and mummified piglets in the litter went up in relation with the litter order. The number of weaned piglets in the litters was fairly balanced, in average 12,12 cases per a litter. The losses between the birth and the weaning were the highest in the third litter (10,42 % out of live born piglets). The breeding reaches excelent results which are also proven by PICtrag league where the breeding came first two times in a row.
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Optimalizace zařazování prasniček do reprodukce
Čermáková, Veronika
The aim of the thesis was to analyze the marshaling gilts for breeding. The experiment contains two groups of gilts. First group included gilts from own production, second gilts were purchased. Main goal was evaluation of pregnancy length, age in first pregnancy, in first due date and assess the numbers all born piglets, live- born piglets, stillborn piglets and mummified piglets in the litter from the first parity sows. Gilts were also analyzed for reproduction, depending on breeding age or age in purchasing period. According to that results, we did evaluation for selected indicators of reproduction like gravidity length, all born piglets, live-born piglets, stillborn piglets and mummified piglets in a litter. As we can see from results, the highest number of all newborn piglets achieve gilts from own production, namely 13,70 DC. Gilts in own production gave us higher number of live born piglets, 12,74 DC but they have lower number of stillborn piglets, specifically 0,61 DC. Gilts, which were purchased, have lower number of mummified piglets 0,04 DC. The length of gilts pregnancy were the same in both groups, average is 115 days. First service of gilts in own production was 238,02 days, in group of purchased gilts it was 247,65 days. Averadge age for first birth in own production group was 353,66 days, purchased group 363,32 days.
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Analýza užitkovosti prasat ve vybraném chovu
Čadová, Marie
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the reproduction and production indicators from the data obtained and processed on the selected farm. Farm indicators were evaluated between 2013 and 2017 and 200 sows were selected from multiplier herds for which selected reproductive indicators were evaluated. The reproduction indicators were evaluate the number of all born piglets, the number of alive piglets, the number of weaned piglets and the stillborn piglets from birth to wean by parity and gestation length. The highest number of all born piglets and weaned piglets per year was reported by the farm in 2017. 15, 6 ± 3.3 pcs of all live piglets were born and 11.9 ± 1.6 pcs of piglets per litter were weaned. The average was weaned 1.8 ± 2.9 piglets. In terms of production indicators, the average daily gain and feed conversion per 1 kg increments for the pre-fattening and fattening category were evaluated by year and season. The highest average daily gain in both categories was found in 2015, in pre-fattening it was 414.7 ± 18.9 g/day and in fattening it was 813.8 ± 34.1 g/day. For the feed conversion indicator, the lowest values were found in 2015. In the pre-fattening category feed consumption per kg of gain it was 1.79 ± 0.19 kg and in fattening it was 3.01 ± 0.19 kg/kg.
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Chov prasat plemene bílé ušlechtilé v České republice
ROHÁČEK, Daniel
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the results that have been provided by the Czech Association of Pig Breeders regarding productivity of Czech Large White breed. For the ob-served period of 1999-2017, the intention was to compile the tables that would summarize the number of litters, number of born piglets in one litter (all vs. live born), number of piglets sur-viving 21 days, weight of piglets after 21 days, and average time between 2 litters. The source materials and the used literature clearly indicate that the swine production in the Czech Republic is shrinking. Swine breeders are closing their production due to instable price of pork meat. The number of sows decreased by 177 755 between 1999 and 2017. As a con-sequence, the number of litters declined as well. On the other hand, this impact is compensa-ted by permanently shortening time distance between two consecutive litters, which currently stands at 156 days. This logically results to increasing number of litters per sow, now amoun-ting to 2.4 per year. Effective breeding also leads to increasing number of piglets in one litter. In 2017, one sow brought in average 14.8 piglets in a litter, of which 13.4 live born. Also the number of successfully bred piglets is growing thanks to improving technologies and better trained pers onnel, having reached 11.7 piglets per litter in 2017. Sows of Czech Large White breed deliver increasing lactescence, as the weight of a litter after 21 days grew in the obser-ved period by 13.4 kg to 69.1 kg. In the next part of the thesis, analysis is made for field tests and results of the unified test, both supplemented by tables and charts. For the observed period, the goal also was to evaluate the average daily weight gain, the percentage share of muscle mass, and the average thickness of saddle fat in mm of both sows and boars. It was found out that the Czech Large White breed had an excellent meat utilization. The share of lean muscle is increasing continuously - in 2017 it reached 63.6 % for boars and 63 % for sows. The vast majority of supplied pigs was classified into the highest-quality categories. The final part of the thesis contains the list of farms that were certified for breeding the Czech Large White breed in 1999 - 2017. The number of such farms was growing until it rea-ched 24 in 2001 and 2002. However, after subsequent decline there was only 6 such farms in 2017.
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Vyhodnocení reprodukční užitkovosti prasnic ve vybraném chovu
Sysel, Jiří
The aim of this thesis was to compare the reproductive performance of sows on two farms within a selected company, which is engaged in breeding pigs. There were observed phenotypic level of selected reproductive parameters, namely the total number of piglets born, number of piglets born alive and number of weaned piglets. These reproductive performance were also compared depending on the order of litters and the length of pregnancy. The evaluation of the results we can say that the best reproduction performance were achieved in 2014 on a farm A, namely 15,00 pcs of all born piglets per litter. Live born and weaned piglets per litter were found most in 2015 on a farm B, namely 12.56 pcs / litter of live born piglets and weaned piglets - 11.67 pcs / litter. In comparison reproductive performance in the sequence of litter in the number of live born piglets were the best third and subsequent litters on the farm A - 14.66 piglets per litter. The most live born piglets were found in the third and subsequent litters on the farm B - 12.58 piglets per litter. The highest number of weaned piglets were found again in third and subsequent litters, namely 11.64 piglets per litter on the farm B. The evaluation of influence of the length of pregnancy on the reproductive performance is obvious that the best results in all parameters was achieved at a length of pregnancy in the interval from 111 to 113 days. All born piglets per litter were found 15.2 pcs / litter on the farm A and live born piglets per litter were the most on the farm B - 12.55 pcs / litter. The most weaned piglets were found on the farm B - 11,70 pcs / litter. Losses of piglets from birth to weaning were recorded at least on the farm A in 2015 - 5.73% of piglets born alive and on the farm B in 2014 - 6.69%. Depending on the order of litter was the best result achieved at the farm and for sows in the second litter, when losses were recorded only 0.09% of piglets born alive. The best result of losses in relation to the length of pregnancy was achieved on farms A 3.24% at the length of pregnancy in the interval from 117 to 119 days
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