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Ant food preferences (Formica genus) on the seeds with elaiosomes
ENGLICKÝ, Tomáš
The topic of the presented bachelor thesis is the determination of the ants g. Formica preference for specific seeds with elaiosomes. The ant dispersion of the seeds with elaiosomes is called myrmecochory. The theoretical part of this thesis describes the myrmecochory phenomenon in the context of the seed dispersal. The conclusion of the theoretical part evaluates considerable benefit of myrmecochory for ants and plants despite its disadvantages. The practical part of this thesis describes the experiment held with the intention to determine the preferences of the ants. The seeds with elaiosomes from five experimental plants were presented to the ants from two experimental anthills. Obtained data were processed into tables and graphs and subsequently evaluated. The results show that the ants prefer certain types of seeds. The cause for this preference is discussed.
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Quality of cereal seed in the Czech Republic
BENKOVÁ, Ludmila
High quality multiplication material is created directly on a field. It's always about relation between seed and environment which is influenced by farmer. Within the Czech Republic the samples of certified cereal seeds were taken from the representative farmers, farm cooperatives and agricultural companies. After that they were subsequently analysed. The whole mentioned seed samples of the year 2013 comply with the legislative requirements. The term "seed quality" is often perceived as a subjective matter. Via questionnaire miniresearch it was found out how growers perceive offer and certified seed quality. At the same time the analyse of the actual certified organic seed need in the Czech Republic was carried out according to the given data of Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture. The results doesn't correspond to the real cereal organic seed offer. The present situation in certified seed quality and organic seed offer represents an appeal for improvement and the future necessary amendment to the low.
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Effect of various plasma sources on seed growth. Laboratory experimen in Buckwheat
Šerá, Božena ; Gajdová, Iveta ; Čermák, M. ; Gavril, B. ; Hnatiuc, E. ; Kováčik, D. ; Kříha, V. ; Sláma, J. ; Šerý, M. ; Špatenka, P.
Germination and early growth of buckwheat (Fagopyrum aesculentum) after low-temperature plasma discharge treatment in air gas generated in various apparatus were tested. Three pretreatment times were used: 180 s, 300 s and 600 s. Number of germinating achene, length and weight of sprouts were measured. The data was analysed with two-way ANOVA. A significant influence of the type of plasma apparatus, time of exposure and combination of both factors were found. The positive effect on germination and early growth was observed after application of GlidArc plasma. The opposite effect of PDBV apparatus, which is characterized by plasma with a high power density, was observed. Shorter pre-treatment times for this apparatus must be therefore used.
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Positive influence of humate on the growth of selected plant species
Šerá, Božena ; Novák, František ; Gajdová, Iveta
Stimulatory effect of humic and fulvic acids extracted from local sources of peat (the origin of CR) on germination and early growth of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), poppy (Papaver somniferum L.), pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and rape (Brassica napus subsp. napus) was verified. Experiments were performed in standard laboratory conditions. Dry weight of sprout was determined. Obtained data were evaluated by the ANOVA test. Tested plants can be arranged in the order from the significant positive effect on the dry weight to the negative one as follows: hemp, poppy, pepper, rape.
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Populační dynamika ruderálních druhů ve vztahu k limitujícím podmínkám prostředí
Modrý, Martin ; Tenčík, Aleš ; Hofmeister, Jeňýk ; Hošek, Jan
Hlavním cílem projektu je identifikace a ocenění významu hlavních podmínek pro rozvoj expanzních druhů rostlin náročných na živiny v lesní vegetaci. Téma je rozděleno do dílčích částí: a) analýza vegetace modelových ploch a její interpretace zaměřená na expanzní druhy, ustupující druhy, indikačně významné druhy, b) stanovení zásoby živých semen v půdě (analýza semenné banky), c) analýza intenzity deště semen, d) stanovení obsahu hlavních živin a organického uhlíku v půdě, event. pomocných půdních charakteristik, e) popis světelných poměrů stanoviště, především kvantifikace celkového světelného požitku a spektrálních poměrů významných pro klíčení semen, f) popis významných spolupůsobících faktorů (vlhkostní poměry, poměry řídící akumulaci opadu, mikro a mezomorfologie stanoviště, spouštěcí faktorys - mechanické disturbance apod.), g) formulace zásad hospodaření podporující zachování biodiverzity na vybraných lokalitách.
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The fodder and seed properties of leguminoses from genus \kur{Lathyrus} and \kur{Vicia}
BOJAROVÁ, Jana
This thesis deals with fodder crops and seed characteristics of legumes of the genus Lathyrus and Vicia. Furthermore, it summarizes general characteristics of the selected legumes in agriculture, especially its ability to bind atmospheric nitrogen. Legumes play an important role in preparing crop rotation; another important role is their proportion in the permanent grass stands and related value of fodder crops´ vegetation - with proportion of chickling and vetch - in the use as pasturage. The thesis concerns seed production of legumes which is demanding in terms of sensitivity to weather conditions, liability to diseases, uneven ripening, pod dehiscence and hard husk.
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Nutritive and technological quality of hemp seeds
PŮLPYTLOVÁ, Jaroslava
Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is a traditional oil and fiber crop. Its use is universal. Hemp seeds have been consumed in history as a nutritious food. The aim of this work is to summarize information about the nutritional quality of hemp seeds (base composition, amino acid, fibre, vitamin, specific substances content, etc.), technological quality parameters (TGW, the yield of hulled seeds), possibilities of processing and hemp seed products on the market.. Hemp seed contains about 25-35 % oil that is rich in linoleic and linolenic acids, 20-25 % easily digestible protein, 10-15 % saccharides mainly as fibre, vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, C and E. Basic processing techniques of hemp seeds include size separation and hulling. The yield of hulled hemp seeds can be higher as 75%. The hemp oil for food industry is produced by cold pressing. Rests after seed oil pressing (seed cake) are suitable for production of hemp-meal. In the Czech Republic, a whole range of hemp products are sold e.g. hulled hemp seeds, chocolate with hemp seeds, yogurt with hemp seeds, hemp oil, hemp meal, pasta, wine, beer, spice, and others.
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Seed of field`s produce from today`s look
RATAJOVÁ, Alena
Annotation This diploma work is focused on multiplication and production of the grass seed and clovers. There is a sum of factors influencing succesful production of the seed. Main objective of my diploma work is focuse on just one of those factors which is appearance of the weed in multiplication area, problems of its cleaning and influence on quality of the seed. Nowadays is seed production very important. After the entry to EU there was a massive decline of dairy herds whereas beef cattle becoming more and more important and influencing pasture programs. Subsidy which is going into program for this kind of usage of agricultural land are very interesting. Essential for succesful use of this subsidy is always usage of certified seed of grass mixtures or its componets.
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