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Allelopathy in constitution of plant communities
Kučera, Pavel ; Weiser, Martin (advisor) ; Hadincová, Věroslava (referee)
Allelopathy, the ability of some plants to decrease the fitness of other plants by secondary metabolites, has been known for a very long time. The scientific community paid great attention to its research. Despite this, there is still a lot of ambiguity surrounding this phenomenon. In the past, the role of allelopathy in the constitution of plant communities had been often overlooked. The situation improved slightly in the past years. Several new articles summarizing information about the ecological aspect of allelopathy have been published. However, there are many unanswered questions about its widespread in plant communities and the degree of its influence on the ecosystem. This bachelor thesis is focused on summarizing contemporary knowledge about the influence of allelopathy, mainly from the ecological viewpoint, and presenting possible directions for future research. There is included a short list of the most common allelochemicals, basic principles of the functioning of allelopathy, its widespread through plant taxa, and its effect on the plant communities, mutualistic microorganisms, and the whole ecosystem. There is also mentioned the role of allelopathy in the process of invasion of alien species and at the end of the thesis, I discussed possible utilization of accumulated information in...
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Studium problematiky nepůvodních druhů ve vybraném úseku povodí řeky Svratky
Ševčíková, Alice
This thesis deals with the issue of alien species in the selected basin of the river Svratka. The examination of selected vegetation took place near Brno, Tišnov and in Modřice. The studied areas were located on the bank of the river Svratka, on agricultural land near the bank and a few meters from the catchment on uncultivated land. My study of vegetation areas lasted from 2013 to 2015. As monitoring methods I used Zurich-Montpelier phytosociological school. Monitoring was statistically processed by analysis DCA and CCA. Total of 91 kinds of plants were founded in the selected places of the river. The highest ground cover species were Impatiens glandulifera, Plantago major, Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Urtica dioica, Convolvulus arvensis, Galinsoga parviflora, Elytrigia repens.
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Vliv managementu na složení rostlinných společenstev a na ohrožené zájmové druhy NPR Vyšenské kopce
VACEK, Michal
The study assessed the impact of grazing on the composition of plant communities and endangered plant species. We studied the effect of grazing using (grazed and ungrazed control) permanent plots established 20 years ago in a semi-natural calcareous grassland in the National Nature Reserve Vyšenké kopce, and established new permanent experimental treatment plots for mowing. We compared the species composition and the numbers of species between managements and compared the results based on monitoring in different seasons of the year.
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Přirozená a polopřirozená vegetace jako inspirace v zahradní a krajinářské architektuře
Vostalová, Markéta
In the literary review, this thesis deals with the historical view of the solved issue, current approach and methods. A number of examples from abroad and from the Czech Republic show a possible approach to working with plant communities inspired by natural and semi-natural vegetation. A suitable area was selected, adequate methods were chosen and a survey of this area was carried out. Based on the findings of the solved issue and on the basis of the data of the selected model area, a draft was created. The method of establishing plant communities and their management was chosen. The composition of the established plant communities was further specified.
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Studium problematiky nepůvodních druhů ve vybraném úseku povodí řeky Svratky
Ševčíková, Alice
This thesis deals with the issue of alien species in the selected basin of the river Svratka. The examination of selected vegetation took place near Brno, Tišnov and in Modřice. The studied areas were located on the bank of the river Svratka, on agricultural land near the bank and a few meters from the catchment on uncultivated land. My study of vegetation areas lasted from 2013 to 2015. As monitoring methods I used Zurich-Montpelier phytosociological school. Monitoring was statistically processed by analysis DCA and CCA. Total of 91 kinds of plants were founded in the selected places of the river. The highest ground cover species were Impatiens glandulifera, Plantago major, Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Urtica dioica, Convolvulus arvensis, Galinsoga parviflora, Elytrigia repens.
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Floristic associations of Miocene mires based on fuzite clasts study
Fischlová, Kateřina ; Sakala, Jakub (advisor) ; Gryc, Vladimír (referee)
The thesis presents systematical study and taphonomical evaluation of fusite wood specimens collected in the middle bench of the main lignite seam in the Bilina mine. In the introduction part, there are a general characteristic of the Most Basin and its geological setting with respect to the main lignite seam. Consequently, the charcoal is described in detail. Generally, the charcoaled wood, which was produced during wildfires in the Tertiary forests, shows well preserved anatomical details. The final part resumes systematics and taphonomy of the charcoal specimens collected by the author.
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Primary and secondary plant succession in brown coal region of Most
Jarkovská, Zlata ; Hendrychová, Markéta (advisor) ; Kadlec, Tomáš (referee)
By extraction of mineral resources there are created new spaces, concretely spoil heaps, which are ideal for settlement by new organisms. Based on chosen study areas trajectories of primary and secondary succession have been compared on model group of plants and additionally on aculeata hymenoptera. Research of model groups in primary succession has been conducted on spoil heaps made of substrate from lignite overburden and study of secondary succession has been conducted in foreland and around mines on spontaneously overgrown areas. Difference in number of plant species on individual sampling plots of primary and secondary succession was not significant. Each area in primary succession was not statistically significantlly different in coverage of vegetation from those areas developing under the secondary succestion. Areas of primary and secondary succesion were different in coverage of bare substrate, which more plant species were bound on. Other factors had not statistically significant effect on plant communities and aculeata hymenoptera as well.
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