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Fertility timing across the Czech women, the 1966-1990 generations
Slabá, Jitka ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee) ; Kuchařová, Věra (referee)
Fertility timing across the Czech women, the 1966-1990 generations Abstract: The mean age of women at the first and second childbirth in Czechia is growing since the beginning of the 90s. The aim of this doctoral thesis is therefore to analyse the intensity and causes of the unplanned postponement of childbirth, mainly from the individual perspective of Czech women. The main sources of data used in the thesis are from the Ženy 2016 survey and the Ženy 2019 survey, that gather data about the women born in Czechia between the years 1966 and 1990. The research contribution of the thesis is twofold. Firstly, the separation of postponement into two phases - planned postponement and unplanned postponement, as both of them contribute to the growing mean age at first childbirth. Secondly, the finding of the sequential nature of fertility timing. First stage of postponement is related to the unfulfillment of defined prerequisites for the first childbirth, such as completion of education, stable position on the labour market or the overall material security. The second stage of the postponement is related to the unsatisfactory partnership situation and the third stage to the health problems. The results show that about one third of Czech women relate themselves to the issue of the unplanned postponement of the first...
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The impact of HIV/AIDS on reproductive behaviour in South Africa
Šustová, Šárka ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Šídlo, Luděk (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is to analyse the impact of HIV/AIDS on the reproductive behaviour of population of South Africa, its four racial groups and its nine provinces since the half of 1980's. Before the analysis of the impact of HIV/AIDS on reproductive behaviour was made, it was shown how big the problem of HIV/AIDS is in South Africa. The HIV incidence and prevalence were used for this purpose. The impact of HIV/AIDS was noticeable from the comparison of levels of fertility between HIV positive and negative women. The impact of HIV/AIDS on reproductive behaviour was further assessed using the decomposition methods and the statistical and epidemiological indicator called population attributable change. The results of analyses revealed the exceptional position of South Africa between other African countries that suffer from HIV/AIDS as well. A regression analysis showed that the growing prevalence of HIV increases the overall level of fertility. At the end of the thesis the projection of fertility till 2030 was made to illustrate the theoretical development of fertility provided that nobody become infected with HIV since the beginning of 2010.
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Fertility timing across the Czech women, the 1966-1990 generations
Slabá, Jitka
Fertility timing across the Czech women, the 1966-1990 generations Abstract: The mean age of women at the first and second childbirth in Czechia is growing since the beginning of the 90s. The aim of this doctoral thesis is therefore to analyse the intensity and causes of the unplanned postponement of childbirth, mainly from the individual perspective of Czech women. The main sources of data used in the thesis are from the Ženy 2016 survey and the Ženy 2019 survey, that gather data about the women born in Czechia between the years 1966 and 1990. The research contribution of the thesis is twofold. Firstly, the separation of postponement into two phases - planned postponement and unplanned postponement, as both of them contribute to the growing mean age at first childbirth. Secondly, the finding of the sequential nature of fertility timing. First stage of postponement is related to the unfulfillment of defined prerequisites for the first childbirth, such as completion of education, stable position on the labour market or the overall material security. The second stage of the postponement is related to the unsatisfactory partnership situation and the third stage to the health problems. The results show that about one third of Czech women relate themselves to the issue of the unplanned postponement of the first...
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Postoje a realita v reprodukčním chování v České republice
Terková, Michaela
The thesis focuses on the issues concerning development of reproductive behaviour in the Czech Republic and basic socio-demographic and economic indicators which affect this behaviour. The main aim of the thesis is to identify key socio-demographic and economic factors which affect attitudes and reality in the reproductive behaviour in the Czech Republic. It describes changes in the demographic structure and reproductive behaviour as well as changes in and consequences of population development. The analytical method used was a questionnaire and the data provided by this questionnaire were analysed with the help of word dependence and comparison. The questionnaire results proved that in ideal living conditions respondents would like to have more children than in reality. Reality is far from ideal and it is particularly caused by relationships between partners and by economic situation of respondents. However, most respondents prefer to have two children, which in terms of natural renewal of the population is not sufficient. It is important for today's demographic development to support an economically active population with three or more children. The questionnaire results are described in tables with a commentary and conclusion enclosed.
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Childlesness as way of life style
Kolářová, Karolína ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee)
This thesis focuses on childlesness in lifestyle concept. The aim of the thesis is to characterize the lifestyle of childless respondents. The work describes the various lifestyle related factors and reproductive plans. Comprehensive analysis is processed using logistic regression and determines how much a given factors affects repro- ductive plans and ultimate childlessness. Key words: childlesness, life style, fertility, reproductive behaviour 1
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Reproductive behaviour of males of Golden-ringed Dragonfly (Cordulegaster boltonii)
Dubcová, Dominika ; Černý, Martin (advisor) ; Dolný, Aleš (referee)
Communication among animals often relies on visible signals and the ability to compatibly perceive them. Correct signal perception is especially important for animals with male sexual selection. In my master's thesis, I am addressing the issue of how does a male golden-ringed dragonfly (Cordulegaster boltonii) recognize a female of the same kind and therefore, what is the main trigger of copulation behavior. Dragonflies display a wide variety of colors and possess very big eyes. These characteristics already suggest that they are very liable on color vision (Futahashi, 2015). Their sight is perfectly developed within the insect class and plays the most important role in the imagines in comparison to other senses. The ability to orient themselves using sight is not just important for orientation in space, nonetheless it is important for reproduction. Since golden-ringed dragonflies do not demonstrate visible color dimorphism, previous as well as my research suggests that the key role for female reconnaissance is primarily their typical movement above water surface during oviposition. In my research, I presented variable types of lure - females to male golden-ringed dragonflies and I observed what is the foremost trigger of reproduction behavior in the males. Besides the above mentioned female...
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The relationship between religion and reproductive behavior in demographic perspective
Fajfrová, Doris ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Velková, Alice (referee)
The relationship between religion and reproductive behavior in demographic perspective Abstract The aim of this thesis is to provide a deeper discussion of the relationship of religion to reproductive behavior at the theoretical, methodological and practical level. The secondary objective is to introduce a recently formed branch called religious demography. The main part of the thesis is of a theoretical and methodological character, and is built on the comprehensive elaboration of the foreign literature, which is dealing with the theme of religion and reproductive behavior. In the first chapter, the latest processes and changes that occur on the religious scene and difficulties associated just with the research in this area are described. The second chapter is dealing with general methodological problems, which are mainly related to the operationalization of religion and the availability of data needed to examine the relationship of religion to reproductive behavior. The third chapter then presents two demographic prospects, which reveal two different ways of relationships, showing how to deal with the religion and the demographic reproduction. In the final part a model example is introduced, based on principles of religious demography. The example is built on data of the individual categories of...
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Reproductive behavior of repatriates from Mongolia and ethnic Kazakhs in Mongolia
Nurpeisova, Kuanysh ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee) ; Opara, Oksana B. (referee)
Reproductive behaviour of repatriates from Mongolia and ethnic Kazakhs in Mongolia Abstract Differences and commonalities of reproductive behaviour of repatriates from Mongolia and ethnic Kazakhs currently living in Mongolia are the main focus of the submitted doctoral thesis. The data used in this research were obtained from the own sample survey carried out in the framework of the field research conducted during the summer of 2009. The field research has been supported by Charles University in Prague and the JSC "Center for International programs", an administrator of the Bolashak International Scholarship of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Special attention in the work is paid to behaviour differentials by sex, age, attained educational level, place of residence and actual number of children. The leading intention was to show how migration, through disruption of original social networks and changes in the social environment during the first stage of socialization of the second generation of repatriates, influenced reproductive behaviour of women in particular birth cohorts. Besides, the presented doctoral research tries to answer the questions whether repatriates influence demographic situation in Kazakhstan in required direction by having (traditionally) numerous families or whether they...
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