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Prediction of criminal recidivism using artificial intelligence
Eberle, Matěj ; Drápal, Jakub (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
Artificial intelligence is gradually spreading into all sectors of human activity, and law is no exception. However, law and computer technology are very different disciplines. This paper explores a situation where they intersect. Specifically, it focuses on the use of predictive models in the criminal justice sector in forecasting possible recidivism. The thesis first describes the historical development of predictive mechanisms and seeks to use this background to introduce the basic theories applied in prediction. In this section, the thesis also uses the case study of the UK and Wales to demonstrate the limitations of such a models. Furthermore, the thesis offers a basic understanding of how AI models work, which is essential for understanding the legal side of the matter. This part of the thesis concludes by asking whether predictive models are even effective enough to make their deployment meaningful. Is the use of AI the next evolutionary phase in the field of recidivism prediction, or is it a dead end? To answer this, it uses a review of the major studies that have been published on this topic around the world. In the Czech Republic, this topic has been very little researched, so in the next part the paper first analyses the basic elements of the part of the legal system that are relevant...
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Specifics of Social Work in Prisons
LAURENČÍKOVÁ, Štěpánka
The Czech Republic strruggles with a higher rate of recidivism than desirable. While the number of convicts in prisons is declining, so is the number of staff. Social work plays a vital role in supporting convicts towards resocialization and reintegration. This thesis on the topic of Specifics od Social Work in Prison focuses on the current situation in the context of the number of convicts and the state's criminal policy setting. Additionally, the thesis discusses factors that can influence delinquent and criminal behavior. Crime prevention is part focuses on the role od social work in prison, penitentiary and post-penitentiary care, and the use of treatment programs. Two goals were chosen for the practical part of this work: to find out how social work is implemented in prisons from the perspective of social workers and to find out in selected prisons what procedures, methods and techniques a social worker uses within treatment programs with assigned individuals. The research was carried out using a qualitative research stratégy, where open coding created codes that were further processed in the ATLAS.ti software program. This program was also used to schematically illustrate the results. The conducted interviews were analyzed, and through the interpretation of the collected data, it was discovered what are the specifics of providing support from social workers in relation to prisoners and what approaches, methods and techniques social worker use through individually set treatments programs. The results also highlight the challenges, limits and barriers associated with providing effective interventions. The contribution of this work is a deeper insight into social work in prisons from the perspective of social workers and also getting acquainted with the challenges, limits and barriers that may disrupt the provision of effective interventions.
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