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Pyrethroids in abiotic and biotic environmental matrices
Kociánová, Veronika ; Vondráčková, Ilona (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Synthetic pyrethroids form the main class of synthetic organic insecticides, which are applied in agriculture, household, and public health. Synthetic pyrethroids account form more than 30% of insecticide use worldwide, thereby they gradual replace chemicals of insect pest control as organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides. Pyrethroids are synthetic derivates of natural pyrethrins. In comparison with natural pyrethrins have pyrethroids greater photostability, greater resistence to degradation and greater insecticidal activity. Pyrethroids are labeled as potent neurotoxicants, which interact with sodium channels. Pyrethroids occur in abiotic and biotic environmental matrices. In this study we focused on the determination of this compounds in environmental water samples by GC-ECD, because of the pyrethroids contain atoms of nitrogen and halogens in their structure.
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Možnosti využití přírodních insekticidů
Malec, Josef
Botanical insecticides are naturally occurring chemicals synthesized by plants for defend against herbivores. The aim was to verify the possibility of using natural insecticides to protect of cherries against cherry fruit fly (Rhagoletis cerasi L., 1758). In 2016, was evaluated the efficacy of three natural insecticides (spinosad, azadirachtin, pyrethrins) in the cherry orchards near the village of Bílé Podolí in the district of Kutná Hora (240 m a. s. l.). Their efficacy was compared with a synthetic insecticide (acetamiprid) and an untreated control. Insecticides were applied by cherry fruit fly adults caught on yellow sticky plates. Efficacy was evaluated in two periods, one week after the last treatment and during harvest maturity (June 23). Maximal efficacy of 100% was found after application of Piretro Verde (pyrethrins), and the product Mospilan (acetamiprid). Efficacy of preparation Spintor Fly (spinosad) was 95.83%, of preparation Neem Azal TS (azadirachtin) in combination with a food attractant was 83.33%. All used natural insecticides have shown efficacy in protection of cherries against cherry fruit fly.
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Pyrethroids in abiotic and biotic environmental matrices
Kociánová, Veronika ; Vondráčková, Ilona (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Synthetic pyrethroids form the main class of synthetic organic insecticides, which are applied in agriculture, household, and public health. Synthetic pyrethroids account form more than 30% of insecticide use worldwide, thereby they gradual replace chemicals of insect pest control as organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides. Pyrethroids are synthetic derivates of natural pyrethrins. In comparison with natural pyrethrins have pyrethroids greater photostability, greater resistence to degradation and greater insecticidal activity. Pyrethroids are labeled as potent neurotoxicants, which interact with sodium channels. Pyrethroids occur in abiotic and biotic environmental matrices. In this study we focused on the determination of this compounds in environmental water samples by GC-ECD, because of the pyrethroids contain atoms of nitrogen and halogens in their structure.
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