|
|
Respect for the rights of pediatric patients in pediatric wards
POJEROVÁ, Natálie
Current situation: These days, we try to adapt the daily routine and premises as much as possible to children's patients during hospitalization (playrooms, adequate contact with other children, experienced and trained medical staff ...). These principles were precisely formulated and approved at the 1st European Conference on Hospitalized Children in May 1988 as the Charter of the Rights of Hospitalized Children. The task of medical staff is to respect the rights of pediatric patients. Parents and their children should be involved in treatment and nursing decision-making. Objectives: To map the observance of the rights of pediatric patients in the hospital from the point of view of nursing staff. To map the experience of pediatric patients with the observance of their rights during hospitalization. Methodology: The research used a quantitative research survey using a non-standardized questionnaire and the qualitative research method used semi-structured in-depth interviews. The questionnaire was designed for nurses and contained 27 questions. Interviews were conducted with children aged 10 to 15 years. Research group: It consisted of 74 pedaitrics nurses and 6 children (from 10 to 15 years) with experience in hospitalization. Results: Based on the results obtained from the questionnaires, it can be stated that the education of pediatric nurses does not affect the observance of the rights of hospitalized children. Of the respondents, 44.6 % of pediatric nurses stated that they had the high school education and 55.4 % had a higher vocational school or university education. 94.6 % of pediatric nurses comply with all units of the Charter of the Rights of Hospitalized Children and 5.4 % rather do not comply with it. Hypothesis: There are differences in the observance of rights in pediatric patients in connection with the education of nursing staff has not been confirmed to us. We used Fisher's exact test with a significance level of p = < 0.05. Interviews with the children showed that their rights were respected during hospitalization. Recommendations for practice: Final results will be published in journal called Pediatrie pro praxi.
|
|
|
Often hospitalization of children and its affect on his need of safety and sureness
TREPPESCHOVÁ, Adéla
The need is the manifestation of absence, lack of something or infringement of internal balance and influence the individual to the behaviour that should again create the balance. The need of certainty and safety is dominant need especially for small children. It is need to avoid jeopardy and danger and express oneself by the general human tendency to eliminate the anxiety and it is possible to meet the needs by reliable and sure interpersonal relationship. The feel of certainty and safety enables obtaining of confidence, life worth, reliability, independency, orientation in human community as well as in material value. The hospitalization of a child means significant interference with person life. In the hospital a child is separated from the family and its home environment. A child is hamper in movement, lay up and invest with foreign people in foreign environment with different daily routine. We speak about hospitalism when the conditions in hospital or in another institute, where is the child on the long- term basis hospitalize, are so unfavourable that the child is harmed in its development. From the medical point of view has a child hospitalization also positive aspect such as pernament medical supervision and professional care. The aim of my bachelor thesis is to find out whether an often hospitalized child meet the needs. I have appointed two different hypothesis: The need of certainty and safety is not fulfil in an often hospitalized child (H1). The nurse cooperation with child dependents is minimal during the time of child hospitalization (H2). Any of the above hypothesis where proven. Quantitative research was used for processing of practical part of my bachelor thesis called: ``Often hospitalization of children and its affect on his need of safety and sureness.{\crqq} Controlled interview, observation and questionaire were used as technique of data collection and as a research collection I used patients of children's ward and its dependent from hospital in České Budějovice and Písek. The results shows that during a child hospitalization a child has only a low rate of anxiety from staying in hospital, its environment and medical staff. In the contrary a great number of children are sorrowful in the hospital. They miss both parents and friends, pet or their toys. During the hospitalization more than half of parents is accomodated together with their child. Average period of hospitalization of a child is in about sixty percents cases only one week, in twenty-five percents cases two to four weeks, in ten percents cases five or more than five weeks. Only small percentage of informants did not reply this question. Information about a disease that caused hospitalization of a child was in more than half of the cases supplied by attending physician, in twenty percents cases by parents and less than ten percents of informants did not reply this question. I would like this thesis to serve as a textbook and as an instructive material for both medical staff and parents of hospitalized children.
|
guest ::
