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Changes in fertility characteristics and population structures in Southern and Eastern Europe: interrelationships and contexts
Kahoun, Lukáš ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Changes in fertility characteristics and population structures in Southern and Eastern Europe: interrelationships and contexts Abstract There were significant changes in fertility characteristics and population structures between 1970 and 2020 in both Southern and Eastern Europe. This transition is associated with the concept of the second demographic transition by some authors. An unconventional methodology is used for its research in this thesis. Two three-dimensional scatter plots, which at the same time form unit cubes, are constructed using three selected indicators of both changes (fertility and structures). The distance between individual observations by examined years is interpreted as the dynamics of the transition of the given decades. The dynamics values from both scatter plots are then analyzed and compared with the others. The results show that changes between fertility characteristics and population structures are related to a certain extent, but the observed differences between regions or the specifics of some states complicate the generalization of this relationship. These conclusions also agree with the literature published so far. Key words: fertility, population structures, second demographic transition, data visualization, three-dimensional scatter plot Character count: 149 752
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Development of the family structures in the South Bohemia in the 19th century
Klečková, Diana ; Velková, Alice (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Development of the family structures in the South Bohemia in the 19th century Abstract This work is a probe into the life of a historical family in southern Bohemia in the second half of the 19th century. During this period, the Czech lands underwent the most significant qualitative changes in the history of mankind. However, these changes associated with industrialization had a rather negative impact on South Bohemia and caused South Bohemia to become a poor agricultural area with a high rate of emigration. Using the methods of historical demography, the development of not only family structures, but also the structures of inhabitantsand households, which are very closely connected with the family, is analyzed on the example of the village Bernartice. Analyzes are performed over a period of forty years from the data of the first modern censuses, carried in years from 1869 to 1900. The population in Bernartice stagnated in the period under review and high migration from southern Bohemia did not significantly disrupt the structure of population, families, and households. However, more difficult living conditions probably resulted in an increase in the coexistence of families with relatives, a smaller number of family members, and a lower representation of servants. Keywords: historical demography, family,...
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Changes in population structures in the European Union countries based on census data
Kahoun, Lukáš ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Maláková, Kateřina (referee)
Changes in population structures in the European Union countries based on census data Abstract Population structures have undergone dynamic development in recent decades. This thesis focuses on the development of structure by age, marital status, economic activity and education in 1991-2011. The thesis primarily uses census data, because they have unified methodology across EU countries. In particular, the thesis analyses the state and the change in the shares of the different structure categories, but also uses more detailed analytical methods. According to the results of the age structure analysis, all observed countries have aged considerably, which also influenced the development of other structures. The dominant trend in other structures was the rise in the share of single and widowed people, economically active women and higher-educated people. The thesis also deals with the influence of geographical location on the researched structures. Bigger homogeneity of structural changes was observed among geographically close countries. Key words: population structures, age, marital status, economic activity, education, Europe, census data
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