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Presidential Clans in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan: status and development
Jordanová, Anna ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Šír, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with the topic of the development of presidential political clans in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. It covers the entire rule of the first two presidents (Nursultan Nazarbayev and Islam Karimov) from their ascension to their posts shortly after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and declarations of independence of both states, and also the current rule of their respective successors (Kassym-Jomart Tokayev and Shavkat Mirziyoyev). It predominantly focuses on the power and social status of their closest relatives in these clan- based structures. Special attention was paid to their potential roles in state affairs after the resignation (or death) of their patrons.
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Vliv institucionálního prostředí na vývoj ekonomik postsocialistických zemí
Mádr, Michal
The dissertation thesis deals with economic consequences of established institutional environment in the post-socialist economies. The institutional environment is associated with political arrangement. The main aim was to investigate whether level of political environment affects economic performance in the post-socialist economies. The level of political arrangement is expressed by two groups of indicators. Firstly, a standard expression using the three indicators is employed (Freedom in World, Polity2, Liberal Democracy Index of the V-Dem Project). Secondly, the level is associated with the individual political regimes (democratic and authoritarian regimes; liberal democracies and non-liberal regimes). Based on received results of linear regression analysis, it can be argued that the higher level of political institution supports economic performance. Simultaneously the individual analyses indicate liberal democracies achieve the highest economic performance within the individual political regimes whereas democracies have similar economic outcomes to authoritarian regimes. The first partial aim was to verify opposite relation, it means whether factors of economic performance representing the Modernization theory have affected formation of political regimes in the post-socialist area. Probit regression analysis was used for attainment of the partial aim. The analysis identified the individual factors of the Modernization theory (level of economic development and schooling) have had impact on establishment of liberal democracies. According to the results of probit analysis the other two theories explaining establishment of political institutions were discussed, namely the Early Developed Institutions and the Natural Resources Curse. In the last part, the second partial aim was achieved by testing reciprocal causal link between level of political system and economic performance with using the test of Granger causality. The results indicate there is not reciprocal causal link in Granger approach between the observed variables. Simultaneously the reciprocal causal relation occurs only within liberal democracies.
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Latin American involvement in the world economy, depending on the political system
Hlavičková, Petra ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Procházková Ilinitchi, Cristina (referee)
Latin America is a region that has passed through dramatic development in economic and political areas. Individual economies are very different. Region mixes poverty in developing countries with strong market economies. The aim is to answer the question whether the differences in political systems in Latin America greatly influence their involvement in international trade, whether the difference is reflected in the volume of export or import of individual states. Based on detailed analysis - political, socio-economic and trade analysis, comparisons were compiled, from which crystallized strongest economies, exporters, but also economically freest states.
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