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Phytotoxicity of selected naphthoquinones on a selected plant model
Rucký, Jakub ; Masařík,, Michal (referee) ; Provazník, Ivo (advisor)
The introductory part of this thesis is focused on the theoretical analysis of solved problems as examining the toxicity of naphthoquinones plumbagine and juglone, especially with regard to their allelopatic action. The next section is focuses on the plant stress, caused by the action of stress factors leading to their death. There is an experimental protocol and the possibilities of determination the effect of naphthoquinones on the plant model. Experimental section discusses changing growth parameters of the plant samples in different concentrations of the naphthoquinone. There is examined cell viability and changes in the synthesis of the secondary metabolites. Data obtained by using spectrophotometric and microscopic analysis are evaluated with STATISTICA software and statistical significance are plotted.
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Dissecting the effects of salicylic acid on redox balance in plant cells using biochemical and fluorescent imaging techniques
Růžičková, Gabriela ; Burketová, Lenka (advisor) ; Janda, Martin (referee)
Topic of bachelor thesis is plant immunity, specifically it focuses on salicylic acid, reactive oxygen species, it also analyses hox salicylic acid effects formation of reactive oxygen species and which proteins are involved in this biosynthesis. Also in this thesis is described basic methods for measuring of reactive oxygen species, what are advantages, disadvantages, how they work and what they can be used for. Salicylic acid is one of phytohormones involved in immune reaction in plant defence, this thesis is describing salicylic acid signalling, associated proteins and overall effect on plant. Reactive oxygen species have wide framework of action in organisms, they can be called double-edged sword, they can help plant, but also, they can harm depending on their concentration and regulation of their forming, the problem of their quenching is also described in this thesis - their formation, antioxidants, effect on plant immunity. Chapter about measuring methods is divide into three parts - fluorescence methods, chemiluminescence methods and spectrophotometric (histochemical) methods. Key words: salicylic acid, reactive oxygen species, plant immunity, plant stress, phytohormones
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Phytotoxicity of selected naphthoquinones on a selected plant model
Rucký, Jakub ; Masařík,, Michal (referee) ; Provazník, Ivo (advisor)
The introductory part of this thesis is focused on the theoretical analysis of solved problems as examining the toxicity of naphthoquinones plumbagine and juglone, especially with regard to their allelopatic action. The next section is focuses on the plant stress, caused by the action of stress factors leading to their death. There is an experimental protocol and the possibilities of determination the effect of naphthoquinones on the plant model. Experimental section discusses changing growth parameters of the plant samples in different concentrations of the naphthoquinone. There is examined cell viability and changes in the synthesis of the secondary metabolites. Data obtained by using spectrophotometric and microscopic analysis are evaluated with STATISTICA software and statistical significance are plotted.
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Comparison of seasonal changes of ecophysiological characteristic of two selected trees under stress of the urban environment
ŠINDELÁŘOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis deals with the study of impact of stress to the two types of broadleaved trees in urban environment during the growing season. The studied species were Small-leaved Lime (Tilia cordata) and London Planetree (Platanus acerifolia). Trees are the important part of the urban environment both from an aesthetic standpoint and from the standpoint of the reduction of negative effects of the urban environment. However, these trees are under the constant influence of stress factors with which they have to deal (air pollution, water, temperature). Some trees deal with stress better but some worse. Because of this fact, two different types of trees were selected, which are able to deal with stress by their own way. As indicators of physiological state of plants under stress, the content of photosynthetic pigments and photochemical efficiency of PS II (QY and QY') were monitored at individual trees. The measurements were carried out always two days consecutively from May to September 2013 in Jiráskovo nábřeží in České Budějovice. Every month, the spectrophotometric measurement to determine the pigments in a leaf was carried out. For the spectrophotometric measurements, twenty-four leaves were measured in total; for the fluorescent measurement, thirty leaves were measured in total. The obtained values of both methods were processed and evaluated by graphs, which together with the average values show the statistic demonstrability of difference between the measured trees in city. According to these measured values, Small-leaved Lime seemed to be more vital at a given location, although London Planetree is marked in the literature as more resistant one towards the urban stress.
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Response of epidermal blue-green fluorescence emission from Barley leaves to uv radiation stress
Karlický, Václav ; Nezval, J. ; Štroch, Michal ; Špunda, Vladimír
Blue-green fl uorescence (BGF) is emitted by plant tissue when excited by UV radiation. Th e emission spectrum of BGF varies with plant species and is aff ected by the physiological status of the plant. BGF has been attributed mainly to cell wall-bound ferulic acid, although a contribution from fl avonoids and other simple phenols has also been suggested. Th e BGF signal is of interest due to its potential application in the remote sensing of plant stress: such techniques use ratios of blue and green to chlorophyll red and far-red fl uorescence emission intensities to estimate plant stress. In this work we investigated the response of BGF to UV-radiation stress and characterized changes in the shape of BGF emission spectra. We found these changes to be more signifi cant during the acclimation to UV-B radiation in comparison with UV-A or high irradiance of PAR. Furthermore, the spectral changes in BGF emission were due to a decline of fl uorescence at a wavelength of 435 nm compared with bands around 455 nm and 520 nm. In view of this, we have tried to distinguish individual fl uorescent components using more detailed fl uorescence analysis and to explain the causes of these spectral changes.
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