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Edukace pacientů s flebotrombózou v nemocničním zařízení
ŠAVRDOVÁ, Soňa
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of educating patients who have been diagnosed with phlebothrombosis who are being hospitalized at the internal department. The objective of this thesis was to find out in what way nurses educate their patients within a healthcare facility after they have gone through phlebothrombosis, and what knowledge and skills patients have after having dealt with phlebothrombosis before they are free to go to home treatment. Six research questions have been established, finding out what educational methods and aids nurses use to educate patients who have survived phlebothrombosis. Further, they were aimed at finding out what knowledge and skills the nurses have about patients who have survived phlebothrombosis and what knowledge and skills the patients have. The theoretical part has focused on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the venous system, on the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and complications of a deep venous thrombosis. Further on, nursing care of a phlebothrombosis sufferer within both, the hospital and domestic environment can be found in the thesis. Last but not least, educating the phlebothrombotic patient, and the nurser-educator´s role. In order to reach the objective, the qualitative method of survey was used, together with the method of questionnaires, an in-depth non-standardized interview with patients suffering from phlebothrombosis at a healthcare facility, and with nurses taking care of these patients. The research file consisted of 6 nurses and 4 patients. The results of the obtained data lead us to find out that nurses properly educate their patients suffering from phlebothrombosis. The research has further revealed that patients are informed about their diagnosis. The research results will be offered to the staff of the department where the survey was carried out, in the sense of a created suggestion of an educational plan in nursing a patient who has survived an in-depth venous thrombosis as base material for possible changes in educating patients suffering from phlebothrombosis and their families.
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Nursing Care about Patient with Phlebothrombosis
KREJČOVÁ, Zuzana
Vein thrombosis (phlebothrombosis) is a disease which affects one if the parts of the deep vein system, when the vein is completely or partly blocked by a blood clot. This disease is, after the ischemic disease and hypertension, among the most common cardiovascular diseases at hospitalized people. This disease affects most often the veins in lower limbs and pelvis but it can also affect upper limbs (Skalická, 2006; Karetová, Bultas, 2009b). In case of the clot tearing off and moving into the pulmonary artery one of the most dangerous complications can occur ? pulmonary embolism. This can even lead to a death. Not only early diagnosis, but also suitable treatment, prevention and follow up care are important (Šárník, 2002). The main objective of the bachelor thesis was to find out specifications of nursing care and the most common nursing problems of a patient with phlebothrombosis. Three main research tasks were set, to find out specifications of the nursing care, the most common nursing problems and what areas the nursing care of a patient with phlebothrombosis should focus on. A qualitative method of research survey was applied to meet the tasks. The research survey was conducted in selected hospitals in the South Bohemia region, in the České Budějovice hospital, JSC, and Písek hospital, JSC. As the data collection technique, an individual, half-structured interview recorded in writing was used. The research group was compiled of 2 respondent groups. The first group were nurses working at internal departments. The selection criterion was their working at internal departments, were the patients with phlebothrombosis are treated. The second group were patients suffering from phlebothrombosis. By analysis of the collected data 4 categories were created, equal for both the nurses and the patients. Finding out the nursing care specifications at a patient with phlebothrombosis is necessary both for his treatment and his education. The respondents and nurses classified the following treatments as the medical treatment specifications: limbs bandaging, Fraxiparin application, Warfarin usage and the corresponding diet, rehabilitation and the follow-up care outside the hospital. Nevertheless, in the area of rehabilitation, complication symptoms and risk factors, shortcomings at respondents´ replies were identified. For the patient´s education it is necessary for the nurse to be familiar with the issue and to be able to use it in practice. The nurses demonstrated knowledge of Fraxiparin application, limbs bandaging, Warfarin usage and the corresponding diet. It was not difficult for them to understand he thrombosis issues. They were able to name risk factors, symptoms, prophylactic measures and the most dangerous complication, the pulmonary embolism. The interviews resulted in finding, that the nurses are well informed and they can pass the knowledge on to the patients. Despite the right education from the nurses we cannot avoid occasional omission of the treatment by the respondents. The respondents stated that sometimes they omit Warfarin usage, bandages application or they do not keep the diet properly. According to the nurses, the biggest problem for the patients is to keep the rest regime. The survey results showed that the respondents are quite well educated by the nurses. They proved it by their knowledge of applications, keeping the treatment regime, and by their awareness of their disease. Most of the respondents undergo the follow-up care, either at internal departments or at their general practitioner. The nursing care of a patient with phlebothrombosis focuses on the area of education, disease diagnosis, treatment and the disease influence on the patient´s life.
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