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Evapotranspiration of peat soils
Urbánková, Karolína ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šípek, Václav (referee)
The correct determination of evapotranspiration is critical for the calculation of the water balance. Although research on evapotranspiration in general is already quite advanced, peat soils are so specific that they may require their own unique approach. Hydrologists have a series of calculations and models to determine evapotranspiration, but these are not always sufficiently accurate, especially at higher temperatures. The aim of this thesis was to summarise the existing knowledge of evapotranspiration in peat soils and to determine whether the peat layer thickness has an effect on peat evaporation. The thesis presents a survey of methods for determining evapotranspiration that can be applied to peat soils. The laboratory experiment used a split container, one part of which contained peat and the other part had peat only in the top 7 cm, with quartz sand underneath. The two parts were joined at the bottom with gravel and thus permeable to water. The trend of water loss, soil water potential and soil moisture was monitored. Preliminary results show that peat strength has a clear effect on evaporation. Further research would, among other things, look for a specific height of the peat layer for which the underlying material would no longer have an effect. Key words: evapotranspiration, peat,...
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Houby vřesovišť CHKO Brdy
SYNKOVÁ, Hedvika
The aim of this thesis was to assess the impact of controlled fire on fungal community in heathlands in CHKO Brdy and describe their changes during succession. Fungal fruitbodies were monitored during years 2018 and 2019 at twenty-five monitoring plots at Jordán, Tok and Brda. The relationship between fungal species richness and the time since the last fire and soil humidity was determined. The effect of the time since the last fire, soil humidity and vegetation on fungal species composition was analysed using multivariate ordination methods. The quality of studied habitat was evaluated based on the presence of red-listed and indicator fungal species.
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Monitoring of turism and its impact on natural ecosystems in Vyšebrodsko Nature park
HYŠPLEROVÁ, Klára
Natural park Vyšebrodsko is situated at the right side of Lipno dam. The aims of the protection are upland moorland with typical vegetation of the association Sphagnion medii and adjacent deforested area, the occurrence of protected and endangered species of plants and animals linked to the natural mixed forest meadows and moorland. There is protected also landscape character, cultural and historical pattern of this area. The aim of this work was to determine the intensity of turism impact on local ecosystems. There were counted turists, made questionnaire investigation and evaluation of introduced and ruderal plant species. The attendance of this area is relatively small and the influence of turists at the vegetation is not very significant.
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The preparation of revitalisation impact in "Rašeliniště Kapličky"
KOPECKÁ, Ladislava
The peat-bog Kapličky is a nature reserve located on the right shore of the Lipno Dam which we can find in the east part of the Šumava mountains in the Vyšebrodsko nature park. The purpose of my paper is to describe the damage of a part of the peat-bog caused by the human activities in the past. The peat was extracted for the fuel activities. It has led to degradation and the overgrowing of expansive species. Therefore I prepare the foundation for the practical realisation of the peat-bog revitalisation. My paper also includes the monitoring of the ground water level at 14-day-intervals, monitoring of vegetation and its alternations in consequence of water cycle. My paper links to Lenka Pavelcová the magister thesis.
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