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Analysis of temporal speech impairments in patients with Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Davaajargal, Anar ; Kováč, Daniel (referee) ; Novotný, Kryštof (advisor)
Dementia with Lewy bodies is the second most common neurodegenerative disease of the dementia type. Progressive degradation of motor and cognitive abilities and behavioral changes have a significant impact on the quality of life of the affected person and those around them. Early diagnosis of the disease is therefore crucial for setting up adequate treatment. Due to similarities with other diseases, it may be overlooked or mistaken for another disease in the early stages. There is a lack of extensive research detailing the speech defects specific for this disease, which through acoustic analysis could be used to make a paraclinical diagnosis in a cost-effective, non-invasive, yet efficient manner. The aim of this paper is to survey available knowledge and methods, select and implement appropriate parameters targeting tempo and pauses, and then evaluate the effectiveness of the methods used to discriminate patients from healthy controls. The evaluation was based on Mann-Whitney U test and descriptive statistics. The best results were obtained for parameters MWPM of longer words, median pause length, occurrence of repeated words and NSR, all considering the task with monologue, which generally showed a greater discriminative power than the task that involved reading a text. The analysis suggests temporal parameters suitable for describing speech disorders in the selected disease. At the same time, new custom metrics are introduced and tested in this paper.
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Research of modern articulation features for the analysis of hypokinetic dysarthria
Vrba, Filip ; Zvončák, Vojtěch (referee) ; Galáž, Zoltán (advisor)
This thesis deals with hypokinetic dysarthria, as a disorder of motor speech, which occurs in approximately 70% of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Two newly designed speech parameters for quantification of articulation within HD are analysed in this thesis. This parameters were validated on recording of both healthy and PD speakers. The theoretical part describes conventional and used methods of speech signal processing, parameterization and statistical analysis. In the part of the system implementation is described practical design of new parameters and also methods of their statistical evaluation by correlation analysis and machine learning. The aim of this work is to design new speech parameters for HD diagnostics. The proposed system was implemented in MATLAB software environment.
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Speaker Recognition Based on Long Temporal Context
Fér, Radek ; Matějka, Pavel (referee) ; Černocký, Jan (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá extrakcí vhodných příznaků pro rozpoznávání řečníka z delších časových úseků. Po představení současných technik pro extrakci takových příznaků navrhujeme a popisujeme novou metodu pracující v časovém rozsahu fonémů a využívající známou techniku i-vektorů. Velké úsilí bylo vynaloženo na nalezení vhodné reprezentace temporálních příznaků, díky kterým by mohly být systémy pro rozpoznávání řečníka robustnější, zejména modelování prosodie. Náš přístup nemodeluje explicitně žádné specifické temporální parametry řeči, namísto toho používá kookurenci řečových rámců jako zdroj temporálních příznaků. Tuto techniku testujeme a analyzujeme na řečové databázi NIST SRE 2008. Z výsledků bohužel vyplývá, že pro rozpoznávání řečníka tato technika nepřináší očekávané zlepšení. Tento fakt diskutujeme a analyzujeme ke konci práce.
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Analysis of Speech Signals for the Purpose of Neurological Disorders IT Diagnosis
Mekyska, Jiří ; Dostál, Otto (referee) ; Přibilová, Anna (referee) ; Smékal, Zdeněk (advisor)
This work deals with a design of hypokinetic dysarthria analysis system. Hypokinetic dysarthria is a speech motor dysfunction that is present in approx. 90 % of patients with Parkinson’s disease. The work is mainly focused on parameterization techniques that can be used to diagnose or monitor this disease as well as estimate its progress. Next, features that significantly correlate with subjective tests are found. These features can be used to estimate scores of different scales like Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) or Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE). A protocol of dysarthric speech acquisition is introduced in this work too. In combination with acoustic analysis it can be used to estimate a grade of hypokinetic dysarthria in fields of faciokinesis, phonorespiration and phonetics (correlation with 3F test). Regarding the parameterization, features based on modulation spectrum, inferior colliculus coefficients, bicepstrum, approximate and sample entropy, empirical mode decomposition and singular points are originally introduced in this work. All the designed techniques are integrated into the system concept in way that it can be implemented in a hospital and used for a research on Parkinson’s disease or its evaluation.
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Acoustic analysis of sentences complicated for articulation in patients with Parkinson's disease
Kiska, Tomáš ; Smékal, Zdeněk (referee) ; Mekyska, Jiří (advisor)
This work deals with a design of hypokinetic dysarthria analysis system. Hypokinetic dysarthria is a speech motor dysfunction that is present in approx. 90 % of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Next there is described Parkinson's disease and change of the speech signal by this disability. The following describes the symptoms, which are used for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (FCR, VSA, VAI, etc.). The work is mainly focused on parameterization techniques that can be used to diagnose or monitor this disease as well as estimate its progress. A protocol of dysarthric speech acquisition is described in this work too. In combination with acoustic analysis it can be used to estimate a grade of hypokinetic dysarthria in fields of faciokinesis, phonorespiration and phonetics (correlation with 3F test). Regarding the parameterization, new features based on method RASTA. The analysis is based on parametrization sentences complicated for articulation. Experimental dataset consists of 101 PD patients with different disease progress and 53 healthy controls. For classification with feature selection have selected method mRMR.
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Assessing movement of articulatory organs based on acoustic analysis of speech
Novotný, Kryštof ; Galáž, Zoltán (referee) ; Mekyska, Jiří (advisor)
Hypokinetic dysarthria is a motor speech disorder often present during Parkinson’s disease. It affects the speech system, including articulatory abilities. There are several speech parameters describing this domain, so it is suggested to deal with their mutual comparison. This work aims to design and describe an algorithm for calculating the parameters of articulation, adapted for the Czech language, and then compare their discriminative power. The acoustic analysis of speech included in it is done via the Praat program and basic machine learning algorithms such as Expectation-Maximization, Kmeans and linear regression are used for the subsequent data processing. The Mann-Whitney U test and representatives of linear, nonlinear and ensemble machine learning models using cross-validation and balanced accuracy are used for evaluation. The results are scripts for automatic assessment of vowel space area, for calculating articulation parameters and for their evaluation. The outputs of the analysis of two different databases (PARCZ and CoBeN) prove that differences in articulation can indeed be observed between normal and dysarthric speech. Based on the mutual comparison of results, it is therefore proposed in the work which parameters and models of machine learning are being appropriate for further dealing with this issue.
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Analysis of speech disorders in patients with a high risk of developing Lewy body diseases
Novotný, Kryštof ; Kováč, Daniel (referee) ; Mekyska, Jiří (advisor)
Lewy bodies diseases (one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders) have the same pathological basis, but the individual representatives differ in their clinical manifestations. Different diseases affect the mental or physical side of the patient to a greater or lesser extent. This work assumes that thanks to the acoustic analysis of speech, it is possible to distinguish individual diseases from one another, because the disorders of the cognitive and motor aspects of a patient reflect in speech in specific ways. The thesis aims to describe the clinical features of the main representatives of the Lewy bodies diseases, to investigate their impact on speech, to propose characterizing acoustic parameters and then to compare their discriminative power. Speech recordings from the CoBeN and preLBD databases are used as input data for the proposed algorithm. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, FDR correction and XGBoost machine learning model using stratified cross-validation and balanced accuracy are used for subsequent evaluation. The result are scripts for the automated calculation of speech parameters from the database and their evaluation. The results of the analysis prove that the selected diseases can really be distinguished from each other and from a healthy control based on the manifestations in speech, already in the prodromal stages.
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Assessing movement of articulatory organs based on acoustic analysis of speech
Novotný, Kryštof ; Galáž, Zoltán (referee) ; Mekyska, Jiří (advisor)
Hypokinetic dysarthria is a motor speech disorder often present during Parkinson’s disease. It affects the speech system, including articulatory abilities. There are several speech parameters describing this domain, so it is suggested to deal with their mutual comparison. This work aims to design and describe an algorithm for calculating the parameters of articulation, adapted for the Czech language, and then compare their discriminative power. The acoustic analysis of speech included in it is done via the Praat program and basic machine learning algorithms such as Expectation-Maximization, Kmeans and linear regression are used for the subsequent data processing. The Mann-Whitney U test and representatives of linear, nonlinear and ensemble machine learning models using cross-validation and balanced accuracy are used for evaluation. The results are scripts for automatic assessment of vowel space area, for calculating articulation parameters and for their evaluation. The outputs of the analysis of two different databases (PARCZ and CoBeN) prove that differences in articulation can indeed be observed between normal and dysarthric speech. Based on the mutual comparison of results, it is therefore proposed in the work which parameters and models of machine learning are being appropriate for further dealing with this issue.
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Research of modern articulation features for the analysis of hypokinetic dysarthria
Vrba, Filip ; Zvončák, Vojtěch (referee) ; Galáž, Zoltán (advisor)
This thesis deals with hypokinetic dysarthria, as a disorder of motor speech, which occurs in approximately 70% of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Two newly designed speech parameters for quantification of articulation within HD are analysed in this thesis. This parameters were validated on recording of both healthy and PD speakers. The theoretical part describes conventional and used methods of speech signal processing, parameterization and statistical analysis. In the part of the system implementation is described practical design of new parameters and also methods of their statistical evaluation by correlation analysis and machine learning. The aim of this work is to design new speech parameters for HD diagnostics. The proposed system was implemented in MATLAB software environment.
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Speaker Recognition Based on Long Temporal Context
Fér, Radek ; Matějka, Pavel (referee) ; Černocký, Jan (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá extrakcí vhodných příznaků pro rozpoznávání řečníka z delších časových úseků. Po představení současných technik pro extrakci takových příznaků navrhujeme a popisujeme novou metodu pracující v časovém rozsahu fonémů a využívající známou techniku i-vektorů. Velké úsilí bylo vynaloženo na nalezení vhodné reprezentace temporálních příznaků, díky kterým by mohly být systémy pro rozpoznávání řečníka robustnější, zejména modelování prosodie. Náš přístup nemodeluje explicitně žádné specifické temporální parametry řeči, namísto toho používá kookurenci řečových rámců jako zdroj temporálních příznaků. Tuto techniku testujeme a analyzujeme na řečové databázi NIST SRE 2008. Z výsledků bohužel vyplývá, že pro rozpoznávání řečníka tato technika nepřináší očekávané zlepšení. Tento fakt diskutujeme a analyzujeme ke konci práce.
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