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A senior as a crime offender
INTERHOLC, Radek
At the beginning, the theoretical part of this thesis deals with the subject of seniors and related issues of old age, with seniors being a specific population group defined demographically and age-wise. Higher age brings a human being certain particularities. Therefore it is appropriate to analyse seniors in the case of pathological social occurrences. On one side, there are victims of crimes amongst seniors, predominantly in connection with domestic violence and thefts, on the other hand there are addicted seniors or even crime offenders included in this generation. This thesis and its conception focus on the subject of seniors as well as on the subject of their criminal activity, which they are capable of committing. The theoretical part also deals with the subject of criminal offence and the offender as well as related terms. The practical part of the thesis includes a survey carried out through narrative discussion with selected crime offenders in the senior age ? over 65 in order to find out, what made the particular individuals commit crimes and whether they can at all realise this fact and assess the impact of the mentioned behaviour on society. The thesis is completed with the outline of criminal offences of seniors by means of data analysis. The author therefore focuses on the question of criminal activity of seniors in the analysis as well as on the perception of this activity by the seniors themselves. He uses the narrative discussions with the criminal offenders and at the same time compares this within the context of secondary data analysis of the idea for criminal activity. In the end, he expresses hypotheses about this context. The results indicate that seniors can realise and assess the extent of their crime as well as the impact of their crime on them and on society. The data analysis showed that the percentage of seniors committing crimes out of the total amount of all established crime offenders is 2.11%. Considering the fact that there are 13.8% people over 65 within the Czech Republic and with regard to the social and economic situation of pensioners, it can be said that the percentage of seniors as crime offenders is minimal on the whole.
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Other crimes of the perpetrators of domestic violence
DVOŘÁK, Vlastimil
Domestic violence is a serious problem of our population; it is the most wide-spread form of violence concerning all groups of inhabitants. At home violence other criminal offences are committed simultaneously but no statistics observes the connection between home violence and committed crime of violent character. If the communication with surroundings fails, verbal violence (belittling, threat, invectives) or non-verbal violence (rejecting of communication as the means of exaction, signs of assailing by a gesture and of course violent aggression itself) come. The term ``home{\crqq} is not only a place where an aggressor and a victim live; it is a subjective term for the place and group of people. Home and a group of people cannot be situated in a specific place. Nevertheless, home and home environment is in places, which are out of the public control and a group of people is separate from the others. In these surroundings the relationships among particular individuals, parents, children, siblings and partners are included. As there is no typical victim of domestic violence, there is no typical offender of domestic violence. Belonging to a social group on the social, racial or other basis, age, job, nationality does not suppose the creating of certain typical features. The thesis and its research are focused on the issue of domestic violence as well as the issue of committed criminal offences before and after the course of domestic violence. The first hypothesis is that the offenders are people with the criminal past, which was not proved by a quantitative research. The second hypothesis that offenders with the criminal past commit violent criminal activities more frequently than property or other criminal activities was proved. However, its relevancy was weakened by the participation of respondents, or sociological structure of respondents. The results of the research on domestic violence were identified with generally admitted and respected facts. Respondents´ answers did not differ from the results of other statistic investigations but it was necessary to clear the results from subjective impressions of respondents-police officers, which come out of the character of their jobs. The use of potential marking of possible violent activity offenders or domestic violence committing with respect to their past criminal cases is available for the needs of region section basic units (the Police of the Czech Republic).
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The scientific and ordinary public attitute fowards to the home violence
VESELÁKOVÁ, Jesika
Abstract This Bachelor{\crq}s thesis deals, both theoretically and practically, with the attitudes of the professional and non-professional public to domestic violence. Violence in its various forms has been deep-rooted in human behaviour from time immemorial, and, in my opinion, it is unrealistic to think that it may be eliminated or at least suppressed at its beginning. What may be dealt with, however, are attitudes of society towards violence and its originators. The victim{\crq}s attitude is derived from the attitude of the state and the professional and non-professional public to this matter. The theoretical part focuses on defining the term of domestic violence and its specific aspects and forms. The readers become acquainted with society{\crq}s different views of men, women and children in a brief historical discourse. This thesis also sums up the characteristics of the victim and the culprit of domestic violence, and it briefly informs about the development and the present legislative state in the Czech Republic. The final chapters of this part deal with the definition, components and measuring of attitudes. The objective of the thesis was surveying the real situation of the professional and non-professional public{\crq}s attitudes. Before I started my research, I set up two hypotheses for each of the groups questioned. The first hypothesis confirms that the non-professional public is not sufficiently aware of domestic violence and possibilities of help provided to victims. The second hypothesis confirms that the non-professional public perceives domestic violence as a negative phenomenon in society, and are ready to participate in its detection. I consider the fact that the non-professional public are not able to distinguish domestic violence from ``hard disputes{\crq}q, as results from the first hypothesis, as the most serious obstacle in the way non-professional public detect this criminal offence. The third hypothesis confirms that more than 70 per cent of the respondents from among the professional public consider domestic violence as a problem concerning the entire society. The fourth hypothesis confirming that the prevailing majority of the respondents from among the professional public regard the currently valid legal state as sufficient, was refuted. To conduct the survey I used the quantitative method. The data were obtained from two sets of population by means of two types of anonymous questionnaires. The set of respondents of the non-professional public numbered 208. The research set of the professional public consisted of 53 respondents. The sets were not compared with each other. The objective of the thesis was fulfilled. I view the main contribution of my thesis in pointing at problematic spheres in the society{\crq}s awareness and attitudes, and I suggested possible solutions of the problem as well as starting points from this sphere in the future. The results of my thesis could be used as a feedback for the professional and interested public.
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Criminal activity releated to the use of illegal drugs
NOVÁK, Martin
In my thesis I deal with illegal drug use leading to criminality. Drug abuse has been a debated issue recently because drugs are omnipresent in our society. Illegal drug use has been a serious problem worldwide. Due to its geographical location, shortly after 1989 and after the fall of the Iron Curtain the Czech Republic has become both a transit and a destination country for all sorts of drugs within a short time. The objective of my thesis is to examine, describe and analyse the overall criminality in the Prague area in 2005 {--} 2007. The other concern of my research was to determine the drug addicts´ contribution in proportion to the overall criminality. I set three hypotheses: H I : The most common drug addicts´criminal activity is theft. H II : Most drug addicted criminal offenders are male. H III : The most common drug being abused is pervitin. The thesis is divided into two parts {--} theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part the development of the drug scene in the Czech Republic and crimes committed by drug addicts are described. I also give information on detection, investigation and criminal sanctions in criminality caused by drug addicts. I gathered the data from specialist literature. In the practical part I used the technique of the secondary statistical data analysis. I analysed the statistical data from 2005 {--} 2007 obtained from the Police of the Czech Republic Headquarters. The research was conducted by the quantitative questionnaire method and the data obtained were analysed. The data were put into charts and diagrams. All the hypotheses suggested were confirmed. The objective of my thesis was accomplished.
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Victim with hurt of health
DUŠÁKOVÁ, Lucie
In the penal code, the legal regulations related to the protection of personality rights applying to the life and health protection are the most relevant. Life and health are values of extraordinary importance and therefore both intentional and unintentional crimes are punishable. The thesis is concerned about crime victims who sustained bodily harm and the possibilities to set up a claim to win compensation. In it, the classification of crime victims from various aspects is given and the current problems from the victim´s point of view are surveyed. The victim´s adequate status in the justice system and the penal code is also treated. The issue of crime prevention is dealt with, and tactics how to avoid the role of a victim and how to reduce risks by implementing preventive measures are described. The thesis is a quantitative analysis of judicial records of the regional Court of Law in České Budějovice. The judicial records document criminal cases when the offender committed a bodily harm crime according to § 221 of the penal code. The research was also focused on the circumstances of the crime commission, such as presence of alcohol or aggression.
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The Offender of Domestic Violence
ŠTĚPKOVÁ, Miloslava
This work is about the problem of domestic violence, focused on person of the offender. It introduces the risk factors, which can lead to domestic violence and desribes some of the main characteristics of the offender according to specialized literature.
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Child Sexual Abuse
DUDLÍČKOVÁ, Vendula
My thesis deals with the problems of sexual abuse of children. It is divided into nine chapters, each of which has a subhead. In the first part, I focused on the term of child sexual abuse. In the second part, I focused on the problem of sexual abuse of children by family members. In the third part, I explained the term of commercial sexual violence committed against children. In the fourth part, I focused on the victims of sexual abuse and in the following part, I focused on the perpetrators. In the sixth part, I described the consequences of the abuse and in the seventh part, I described the therapy. I put a stress on the eighth part which deals with the sexual abuse prevention. The thesis ends with the ninth chapter where I described the moral crimes.
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The influence of migration on the drug scene in the Czech republic
KORANDA, Ladislav
This paper deals with the influence of migration on the drug situation in the Czech Republic. The main reason for choosing this topic was the effort to compile, at least partially, from a practical and an immediate point of view, a relatively complicated matter of contemporary drug background, concerning ethnic groups living in the Czech Republic. The paper focuses on gradual characterization of these groups in the area of organized drug criminality in the Czech Republic since 1989. It describes ways of illegal drug import into the Czech Republic and the concern of Czech citizens in this criminal activity. The majority of information concerning specific ways of committing criminal activity and current situation of selected ethnic groups{\crq} criminality in this paper is taken from statistic data of the Czech Police, the Czech Board of Customs and the Czech Anti-Drug Squad{\crq}s annual reports. The research was carried out by means of quantitative method, while the results were compared with the above mentioned publications{\crq} data. The aim of this paper is to point out the engagement of foreign nationals and also ethnic groups living in the Czech Republic in illegal drug sale. Another aim is to compare the concern of Czech citizens and foreign nationals in this criminal activity and to find out how the drug criminality beating reflects itself on the price of drugs. In the first chapter of this paper, information concerning selected ethnic groups engaged in illegal drug sale in the Czech Republic are stated. The major part is dedicated to persons of Vietnamese and Romany nationality. This chapter draws upon specialized publications; it also contains paraphrases on particular publications. At the close of the chapter, specific characteristics of illegal drug sale according to particular types of drugs are described. The research includes tables comparing drug delinquency in perpetrators of Czech nationality and foreign nationals. National minority distribution, number of criminal acts concerning drugs in both groups of perpetrators, and concern of ethnic groups and foreign nationals in organized criminal activity are mentioned as well. Results of the research are stated at the close of the bachelor paper. They are in compliance with set hypotheses and met the aim of this paper because it has been proven in what way foreign nationals and national minorities living in the Czech Republic are engaged in drug criminality.
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Pachatel trestné činnosti v ekonomice
Berdichová, Karolína ; Žák, Květoslav (advisor) ; Florián, Michal (referee)
Práce se zabývá vývojem počtu pachatelů obecně, pachateli z řad mladistvých, cizinců a policistů. U pachatelů mladistvých, cizinců a policistů je věnována pozornost specifikům kriminality těchto skupin. Pojednáno je o problematice mezinárodního srovnání pachatelů a o kriminogenetických teoriích, které vysvětlují, proč se pachatelé dopouštějí trestné činnosti. Důraz je kladen na biologické, psychologické a sociální kriminogenetické teorie.
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