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Usage of chemical weapons during the First World War and an edification for the present
PRAŽÁK, Marek
This thesis focuses on the description and characteristics of chemical weapons used during the First World War (WWI) and the consequences resulting from it to the present. The introductory part tries to present a comprehensive description of chemical weapons, their classification, including a basic description of their effects on the human organism. Further on, the thesis characterizes individual chemical substances used in the battles of the WWI between 1914 and 1918 and it mentions the most important and key attacks with warfare chemical substances, including a description of the development and design of chemical ammunition used. The next section of the thesis is devoted to the protection against weapons of mass destruction and, in particular, various types of protection and I assess the impact of the use of chemical weapons during the First World War to the present time. Regarding the methodology side, I gathered information from specialized sources and tried to map out clearly and in general the given issues, also based on my own knowledge and experience. The thesis is based on two basic hypotheses: 1 The First World War showed that if necessary the warring parties would resort also to the use of banned means, including chemical weapons; 2. The First World War laid the building blocks of modern protection against chemical weapons and the protection against weapons of mass destruction in general. Both of the hypotheses have been proven to be true, which I try to document in my thesis. The first hypothesis shows that even if chemical weapons were officially banned at The Hague conference, the warring parties did not hesitate, if necessary, to produce, improve and use them against their enemies. The second hypothesis is confirmed by the fact that along with the development and improvement of chemical weapons and ammunition the protection against these weapons developed and improved as well as the detection of warfare chemical substances and alerting of troops when such weapons are used. The consequence of this is the existence of current chemical protection and the emergence of a new military branch - Protection against the Weapons of Mass Destruction.
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"The Assesment of the number of the population in the South Bohemian region Applying to the Unpremediated Particular Protection in the Exceptional Case of the Release of Dangerous Substances"
UBLANSKÁ, Silvie
The aim of my thesis on the subject of "The Assesment of the number of the population in the South Bohemian region Applying to the Unpremediated Particular Protection in the Exceptional Case of the Release of Dangerous Substances" is to judge the informational margin about individual protection of the inhabitants in the South Bohemian Region, the standardizated equipment of protection and improvised equipment of protection, and about the possible risk of dangerous substances leakage in the place of their living. This information, which has been obtained by means of questionnaires, shall demonstrate how many people are going to use improvised individual protection and how many people are going to use standardizated equipment for protection in the case of extraordinary events with the escape of dangerous substances. In the description of the current situation, there is an overview of the laws and the establishment of the basic concepts related to individual protection. The practical part deals with the evaluation of these questionnaires that were accidentally distributed to the residents of the South Bohemia Region, and there is also a summary of this information within a comprehensive overview, including the division of the point of view between men and women or among people with different educational backgrounds. Preventative educational work among the population will contribute to higher protection during these extraordinary events regarding the escape of dangerous substances. The aim is to have a decrease in the health hazard and limitations of waste of human lifes. The most important result of my thesis are the findings that 82 % of the inhabitants in the South Bohemian Region are going to use improvised individual protection in the case of necessity.
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