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Constitutive legal actions
Hendrychová, Veronika ; Holčapek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Dvořák, Bohumil (referee)
Constitutive legal actions Abstract The topic of this thesis are constitutive legal actions, which are recognised as a separate category of actions in theory and are even envisaged to be explicitly enshrined in the law in the future. In contrast to actions for performance or actions for a declaration, constitutive actions are aimed at the issuance of a constitutive decision that creates, modifies or terminates a substantive legal relationship. Except in exceptional cases, where analogy may be considered, such constitution of legal relations requires express statutory authorisation. This is the basis for the specific status of constitutive legal actions and the proceedings in respect thereof. Even though constitutive actions have many specific features, they are treated as classic contentious proceedings. These specific features include especially the modification of the dispositive principle, the application of the investigative principle and the absence of adversarial status of the parties. Nevertheless, these specific features in fact negate the very nature of contentious proceedings and the legislation does not provide a suitable solution for them. The referred to specific features are thus used in this thesis as one of the keys to answering the question whether constitutional actions should indeed be...
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Proceedings to declare a person missing and dead
Kaplanová, Veronika ; Vyskočilová, Silvia (advisor) ; Frintová, Dita (referee)
This thesis deals with the proceedings in matters of a person missing and death, which include proceedings to declare a person missing, proceedings to declare a person dead and proceedings to determine the date of death. This thesis is devoted to these court proceedings in the first instance, especially to the means of the iniciation of the proceedings, determination of the participants in the proceedings, the course of the proceedings and evidence, the form of decisions, costs of proceedings and possible remedies. Concurrently, the thesis describes the substantive legal regulation of the assumptions and effects of the declaration of a person missing and the declaration of a person dead and the history of individual institutions and court proceedings. Furthermore, in order to enable a comparison with foreign legal regulations, the Spanish legal regulation of the institutions of missing persons and the declaration of death is presented here. The thesis aims to compare whether the substantive and procedural legislation correspond to each other. On the basis of this comparison, the analysis of the substantive and procedural legislation and the comparison with the Spanish legislation, de lege ferenda considerations are proposed. The work uses a historical, analytical and comparative method.
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Dispositive principle in contentious and non-contentious proceedings
Hošek, Martin ; Macková, Alena (advisor) ; Frintová, Dita (referee)
Dispositive principle in contentious and non-contentious proceedings Abstract This rigorous thesis is focused on the dispositive principle and its aplication in contentious and non-contentious proceedings. The dispositive principle is one of the main principles which constitute civil proceedings, contentious proceedings in particular. The aim of the dispositive principle is to establish who decides whether a proceeding is to be initiated, what is the subject of the proceeding and who has an influence on its course. The first chapter is related to civil procedure in general and its historic development since the ancient Rome until today. The other part of the chapter contains general definition of all types of civil procedure. The second chapter deals with civil trial proceedings. The first part is focused on contentious proceedings which are formed by the dispositive principle. On the contrary, non- contentious proceedings, which are the subject of the next part of the chapter, are formed by the principle of officiality. Nevertheless, the dispositive principle also applies in non- contentious proceedings. The author focuses on the main principles which form both proceedings. The author also describes how they proceed. The third chapter is dedicated to the dispositive principle in general. The author also...
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Types of civil procedure
Beroušková, Monika ; Kubešová, Silvia (advisor) ; Frintová, Dita (referee)
The attempt of this diploma thesis is to introduce the reader various types of civil procedure. The civil procedure is one of the types of justice besides criminal, administrative and institutional justice. The civil procedure represents the united process, which is internally differentiated. This differentiation is the result of historical development, when the original function of the civil procedure access additional features. The purpose of the civil procedure is not only to provide protection to endangered rights. Another function is to protect the rights against threat. Finally, there is the function of execution and reinsurance. The purpose of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview of the various types of civil procedure, their characteristics, common features and differences. The content of this thesis are various types of civil procedure and it is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the civil procedure in general and it's history. The second part, as the main part of the diploma thesis, focuses on characteristics of each types of civil procedure. First there is described civil trial proceedings, which is divided into contentious and non-contentious proceedings. The purpose of civil trial proceedings is to protect the violated or threatened rights or regulation...
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