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Glial cells in central nervous system pathology: the role of Wnt signaling
Bronišová, Denisa ; Kriška, Ján (advisor) ; Heleš, Mário (referee)
Wnt signaling plays an important role in regulating cell growth, differentiation, or movement. This represents a potential in the treatment of pathologies in which the proliferation or differentiation of new cells could be key to the regeneration and mitigation of the consequences of the disease. Glial cells are more than just a glue for neurons, and they have important roles in pathologies in maintaining cell metabolism and survival, and brain functioning in general. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide a literature review of the roles of Wnt signaling in glial cells in the healthy brain, but especially in central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. The work provides an overview of the main types of glial cells in the CNS, a description of three Wnt signaling pathways, and focuses in detail on selected CNS pathologies and the role and changes of Wnt signaling that occur in these pathologies. Further research utilizing the potential of Wnt signaling in glial cells might lead to the development of novel therapies that could change the fate of patients with CNS diseases.
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Clinical variability of rare dementias: manifestations and possible reasons
Tesař, Adam ; Rusina, Robert (advisor) ; Baláž, Marek (referee) ; Hort, Jakub (referee)
Clinical variants of dementia are limiting their diagnosis and can leads to underdiagnosing or substitution of two different diseases with the same symptomatology. The aim of this study is a better understanding of a factors involved in the clinical variability of rare dementias. Progressive supranuclear palsy and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome caused by mismatch mutation P102L in Prion protein are used as model diseases. In this thesis, we firstly demonstrate the influence of the distribution of neuropathology and its spread on the clinical phenotype of the disease. Although a single neurodegenerative disease increases the risk of neurodegenerative comorbidity, this other neuropathology does not affect the phenotypic presentation of the primary disease. Monogenetically inherited proteinopathies can have a different clinical subtype, which is not only conditioned by causal protein polymorphisms, but can be influenced by the wild type allele of causal protein. A more accurate understanding of the symptomatic variability in dementias will allow a better focus of a drug studies and, in the future a treatment, but it will also lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Keywords: dementia, Progressive supranuclear palsy, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker...
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