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Oils for combustion engines
Dzurenda, Ján ; Novotný, Pavel (referee) ; Maršálek, Ondřej (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis deals with information search of the current state of knowledge in the field of lubrication of combustion motors, i.e. lubrication systems and oils for combustion motors. The introduction of work focuses on the issue of lubrication systems, theirs partitions by methods of lubrication and description of the main parts of the lubrication system. Next part is focused on the oils of motors. In this part is referred to division of motor oils, requirements for motor oils and characteristics of motor oils. Follow part describes issues associated with the lubrication of combustion motors. Part cites main factors that affect the properties of motor oils i.e. fuel, water, glycol and dirt. Further is processed problem of motor working i.e. temperature, amount and consumption of oil. The last part describes the issues of biodegradability and actual requirements of application for motor oils.
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Monitoring of the wheat quality for food production
Slavíčková, Radka ; Hýsková, Eva (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
The aim of this study was to monitor the quality of wheat Triticum aestivum, imported into the laboratory MORAGRO after harvest by eight different suppliers, and to evaluate the main quality parameters decisive for the final use of cereal crops. The introduction of the theoretical part was devoted to understanding commercial and agricultural importance of wheat and description of morphological and physiological characteristics of wheat grain. The core of the theoretical part has been focused on the description and explanation of physical and chemical properties of the wheat grain, which largely affect the final product quality of wheat. External factors affecting final quality and yields of wheat were also commented. The experimental part was based on measurements of main quality parameters of wheat (moisture content, bulk density, falling number, amount of gluten and the wheat proteins, sedimentation value and content of additives and impurities). In most cases, measurements were carried out using automated instruments. The quality of wheat was determined based on the obtained results, which allows deciding, whether it is appropriating for food production.
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PCBs Cleaning Process Optimization
Smejkal, Jakub ; Tichopádek, Petr (referee) ; Starý, Jiří (advisor)
The diploma thesis introduces readers to the issue of PCB cleanliness by a short analysis of historical approaches to their cleaning. The theoretical part defines what phenomena occur in case of leaving impurities on the PCB and names the different types of impurities with a focus on fluxes. It also deals with types of cleaning fluids and selected technologies suitable for PCB cleaning, including research of specific products and their manufacturers. The practical part analyses the current state of washing processes in the company TESCAN Brno, s.r.o and performs the initial cleanliness test of PCBs from external suppliers and internally assembled PCBs. Based on the performed analysis, the work then focuses on the replacement of the current cleaning fluid and the optimization of the used solder. In connection with the process and results of a series of test measurements performed in both monitored areas, work proposes a methodology for evaluating the current applicability of the cleaning liquid and for testing the surface insulation resistance.
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Use of liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical analysis and preparation of monolithic stationary phases for thin-layer chromatography
Vojta, Jiří ; Coufal, Pavel (advisor) ; Tůma, Petr (referee) ; Jelínek, Ivan (referee)
(EN) In the first part of this work, analytical methods for determination of impurities of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in combined pharmaceutical dosage forms were developed and validated. Development of the methods covered both the optimization of sample preparation procedure and chromatographic conditions. The methods were validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guideline and both of them were confirmed to be able to analyze stability samples. Impurities in paracetamol, codeine phosphate hemihydrate and pitophenone hydrochloride in the presence of fourth API fenpiverinium bromide were separated by using ion-pair reversed phase chromatography with gradient elution. Symmetry C18, 250 x 4,6 mm, 5 µm heated to 35 řC was used as a separation column. A diode array detector was used. The detection wavelengths were set as follows: 220 nm for paracetamol impurity K, 245 nm for paracetamol and its other impurities and 285 nm for codeine, pitophenone and their impurities. Impurities in valsartan, amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorothiazide were separated by reversed phase UHPLC method with gradient elution. Chromatographic column Zorbax Eclipse C8 RRHD, 100 x 3,0 mm, 1,8 µm heated to 30 řC and spectrophotometric detection were used. The detection wavelengths were set as...
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Use of liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical analysis and preparation of monolithic stationary phases for thin-layer chromatography
Vojta, Jiří
(EN) In the first part of this work, analytical methods for determination of impurities of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in combined pharmaceutical dosage forms were developed and validated. Development of the methods covered both the optimization of sample preparation procedure and chromatographic conditions. The methods were validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guideline and both of them were confirmed to be able to analyze stability samples. Impurities in paracetamol, codeine phosphate hemihydrate and pitophenone hydrochloride in the presence of fourth API fenpiverinium bromide were separated by using ion-pair reversed phase chromatography with gradient elution. Symmetry C18, 250 x 4,6 mm, 5 µm heated to 35 řC was used as a separation column. A diode array detector was used. The detection wavelengths were set as follows: 220 nm for paracetamol impurity K, 245 nm for paracetamol and its other impurities and 285 nm for codeine, pitophenone and their impurities. Impurities in valsartan, amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorothiazide were separated by reversed phase UHPLC method with gradient elution. Chromatographic column Zorbax Eclipse C8 RRHD, 100 x 3,0 mm, 1,8 µm heated to 30 řC and spectrophotometric detection were used. The detection wavelengths were set as...
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Development of an UHPLC method for stability study of venetoclax
Máchalová, Jitka ; Křížek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kozlík, Petr (referee)
Tato práce se zabývá vývojem chromatografické metody pro stanovení venetoclaxu a kontrolu jeho čistoty pomocí techniky UHPLC. Venetoclax je nízkomolekulární inhi- bitor antiapoptického proteinu Bcl-2, který hraje důležitou roli při regulaci apoptózy a při vzniku hematologické malignace. Venetoclax se tedy používá pro léčbu chronické lymfocytární leukemie. Kvůli problematické rozpustnosti analytu byl jako rozpouště- dlo vzorku zvolen 10mM vodný roztok H3PO4 : ACN s 40% objemovým zastoupením acetonitrilu. Dále byla nalezena optimální kombinace stacionární a mobilní fáze. Optimalizace byla prováděna především s ohledem na faktor chvostování píku vene- toclaxu a jeho rozlišení od nečistoty eluující v jeho těsné blízkosti. V optimalizované metodě byla použita kolona Acquity UPLC BEH Phenyl (100 × 2,10 mm; 1,7 µm) a jako mobilní fáze směs pufru (10mM H3PO4/NH3 o pH 2,5) s přídavkem 0,5% trifluoroctové kyseliny a ACN. Součástí validace metody bylo testování přesnosti, opa- kovatelnosti, meze detekce a kvantifikace, linearity a lineárního dynamického rozsahu, robustnosti metody a testování stability vzorku. Opakovatelnost retenčního času byla 0,07 % a opakovatelnost plochy píku byla 0,45 %. Hodnota meze detekce metody byla 1,6 · 10−5 mg mm−1 a hodnota meze kvantifikace byla 5,4 · 10−5 mg mm−1 . Linearita...
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Use of liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical analysis and preparation of monolithic stationary phases for thin-layer chromatography
Vojta, Jiří ; Coufal, Pavel (advisor) ; Tůma, Petr (referee) ; Jelínek, Ivan (referee)
(EN) In the first part of this work, analytical methods for determination of impurities of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in combined pharmaceutical dosage forms were developed and validated. Development of the methods covered both the optimization of sample preparation procedure and chromatographic conditions. The methods were validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guideline and both of them were confirmed to be able to analyze stability samples. Impurities in paracetamol, codeine phosphate hemihydrate and pitophenone hydrochloride in the presence of fourth API fenpiverinium bromide were separated by using ion-pair reversed phase chromatography with gradient elution. Symmetry C18, 250 x 4,6 mm, 5 µm heated to 35 řC was used as a separation column. A diode array detector was used. The detection wavelengths were set as follows: 220 nm for paracetamol impurity K, 245 nm for paracetamol and its other impurities and 285 nm for codeine, pitophenone and their impurities. Impurities in valsartan, amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorothiazide were separated by reversed phase UHPLC method with gradient elution. Chromatographic column Zorbax Eclipse C8 RRHD, 100 x 3,0 mm, 1,8 µm heated to 30 řC and spectrophotometric detection were used. The detection wavelengths were set as...
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Use of liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical analysis and preparation of monolithic stationary phases for thin-layer chromatography
Vojta, Jiří
(EN) In the first part of this work, analytical methods for determination of impurities of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in combined pharmaceutical dosage forms were developed and validated. Development of the methods covered both the optimization of sample preparation procedure and chromatographic conditions. The methods were validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guideline and both of them were confirmed to be able to analyze stability samples. Impurities in paracetamol, codeine phosphate hemihydrate and pitophenone hydrochloride in the presence of fourth API fenpiverinium bromide were separated by using ion-pair reversed phase chromatography with gradient elution. Symmetry C18, 250 x 4,6 mm, 5 µm heated to 35 řC was used as a separation column. A diode array detector was used. The detection wavelengths were set as follows: 220 nm for paracetamol impurity K, 245 nm for paracetamol and its other impurities and 285 nm for codeine, pitophenone and their impurities. Impurities in valsartan, amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorothiazide were separated by reversed phase UHPLC method with gradient elution. Chromatographic column Zorbax Eclipse C8 RRHD, 100 x 3,0 mm, 1,8 µm heated to 30 řC and spectrophotometric detection were used. The detection wavelengths were set as...
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Identification of ropinirole and its impurities by mass spectrometry
Vaňkátová, Petra ; Coufal, Pavel (advisor) ; Čabala, Radomír (referee)
This thesis is focused on the analysis of ropinirole and its impurities related to the synthesis process using mass spectrometry. The theoretical introduction summarizes method of mass spectrometry. The experimental part is devoted to interpretation of mass spectra of samples measured both without fragmentation and using the CID fragmentation. Measurements were performed on a triple quadrupole with electrospray ionization. Properties of samples with respect to the quantification using SRM mode are also summarized in the paper. The main contribution of this work is clarification of the fragmentation of ropinirole and its impurities, which may serve for further studies of these substances. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Oils for combustion engines
Dzurenda, Ján ; Novotný, Pavel (referee) ; Maršálek, Ondřej (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis deals with information search of the current state of knowledge in the field of lubrication of combustion motors, i.e. lubrication systems and oils for combustion motors. The introduction of work focuses on the issue of lubrication systems, theirs partitions by methods of lubrication and description of the main parts of the lubrication system. Next part is focused on the oils of motors. In this part is referred to division of motor oils, requirements for motor oils and characteristics of motor oils. Follow part describes issues associated with the lubrication of combustion motors. Part cites main factors that affect the properties of motor oils i.e. fuel, water, glycol and dirt. Further is processed problem of motor working i.e. temperature, amount and consumption of oil. The last part describes the issues of biodegradability and actual requirements of application for motor oils.
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