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Using of detonation nanodiamond in tribology research field
Mauer, Milan ; Křupka, Ivan (referee) ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor)
The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to give a general knowledge about nanodiamonds, which are chipped off during the explosions diamonds. These particles are used as additions in lubricating preparations to decrease the friction. Bachelor thesis summarizes the basic characteristics, methods of manufacture and application nanodiamonds in practice. Part of this thesis is dedicated to theoretical and detailed descriptions of procedures and experimental results in nanodiamonds field of study. Another part describes different types of nanoparticles, used for the same purpose as nanodiamonds. The final part sums up the advantages of nanoparticles and its purpose for experimental or practical usage.
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Preparation and characterization of diamond-based nanocarriers for transfection of siRNA
Majer, Jan ; Cígler, Petr (advisor) ; Fišer, Radovan (referee)
Although nanodiamonds were discovered and produced tens of years ago, they have been utilized in medical and biological fields just recently, particularly in drug and gene delivery into a cell and in bioimaging methods. Nanodiamonds can be modified with specific positively charged moieties for complexation with negatively charged nucleic acids. These complexes afterwards overcome extracellular and intracellular barriers and transport the nucleic acid either into cytosol or into the nucleus. Owing to fluorescence centres nitrogen- vacancy, which can be formed in the nanodiamonds, nanodiamonds exhibit excelling optical properties, as they emit stable fluorescence without "photoblinking" or "photobleaching". This thesis reviews properties, synthesis and modifications of nanodiamonds and other selected nanoparticles and their in vitro applications. This thesis also compares their cytotoxicity and gene knockdown efficiency.
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Biocompatibility of porous NCD layers with neurons
Freislebenová, Hana ; Benson, Veronika (advisor) ; Rudajev, Vladimír (referee)
Nanodiamond is currently one of the most researched materials in the field of regenerative medicine in the study of treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Due to direct interaction of this material with nerve tissue, it needs to be biocompatible with primary neurons. Furthemore, it is desirable for the used material to induce cell adhesion and stimulate the adherent cells to regeneration. This work evaluates the biocompatibility of porous boron-doped diamond layers with the culture of primary neurons. We compared the effect of diamond surface treatment by poly- D-lysine (PDL) coating on the adhesion and prosperity of the primary neuronal culture. We found that the tested nanodiamond layers are biocompatible with the primary neuronal culture. We further conclude that the PDL coating slightly increases the rate of cell adhesion to the surface but on the other hand induces greater adhesion of glial cells than the surface without PDL coating. Key words: nanodiamond, biocompatibility, adhesion, neurons
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Quantum optical nanosensors for microRNA
Čopák, Jakub ; Cígler, Petr (advisor) ; Ménová, Petra (referee)
Several disease processes taking place in the cells are characterized by an increase of the concentration of nucleic acids, in particular micro RNAs (miRNAs). A detection system that could selectively detect the increased presence of the miRNAs directly in the living cells in real time with nanoresolution is therefore highly desired. Fluorescent nanodiamond particles are considered promising candidates thanks to their biocompatibility, small size, allowing them to penetrate the cell membrane, and stable fluorescent defects in the crystal lattice, namely nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres. The NV centres are the most studied colour centres of nanodiamonds due to their unique room-temperature optical properties, allowing for highly sensitive detection of changes in the magnetic field (magnetic noise) with quantum sensing techniques. For instance, the length of the T1 relaxation time NV electronic spin is greatly influenced by the presence of paramagnetic species, which causes a shortening of the T1 relaxation time depending on the proximity to the NV centres. However, for selective quantum sensing with nanodiamonds, the use of molecular transducers is necessary to bind targeted molecules with high specificity and allow their detection via the change of the NV spin properties. In this work,...
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Biocompatibility of porous NCD layers with neurons
Freislebenová, Hana ; Benson, Veronika (advisor) ; Rudajev, Vladimír (referee)
Nanodiamond is currently one of the most researched materials in the field of regenerative medicine in the study of treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Due to direct interaction of this material with nerve tissue, it needs to be biocompatible with primary neurons. Furthemore, it is desirable for the used material to induce cell adhesion and stimulate the adherent cells to regeneration. This work evaluates the biocompatibility of porous boron-doped diamond layers with the culture of primary neurons. We compared the effect of diamond surface treatment by poly- D-lysine (PDL) coating on the adhesion and prosperity of the primary neuronal culture. We found that the tested nanodiamond layers are biocompatible with the primary neuronal culture. We further conclude that the PDL coating slightly increases the rate of cell adhesion to the surface but on the other hand induces greater adhesion of glial cells than the surface without PDL coating. Key words: nanodiamond, biocompatibility, adhesion, neurons
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Novel approaches to chemical modification of diamond surface
Bartoň, Jan ; Cígler, Petr (advisor) ; Řezanka, Pavel (referee) ; Stehlík, Štěpán (referee)
1 Abstract Diamond is a unique material for its physical and chemical stability. However, many advance applications rely on surface functionalisation. Here, two types of diamond were modified on the surface - thin layer of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and nanodiamond particles (NDs) high pressure and high temperature (HPHT). The aim of CVD surface modification was to prepare photosensitised, conductive, diamond electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC). For this purpose, a thin diamond layer doped with boron was deposited on the silicon wafer. Boron doping provided p-type (semi)conductivity to diamonds. The surface of the diamond was hydrogenated with H-plasma, and a short carbon linker with a protected amino group was UV-photografted to the surface. In another study, a photoconverting dye (P1) was covalently attached to the amine-linker. Furthermore, a dye designed based on donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) concepts was attached to the surface. Finally, a systematic study was done for differently conductive diamond layer and the underlying silicon wafer These experiments gradually lead to the highest ever reported photocurrents of 6.6 µA cm2 for a flat photosensitised boron-doped-diamond (BDD) electrode. Monomolecular layer surface functionalizations on CVD diamond are difficult to detect or even quantify...
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Biocompatibility of diamond-based platforms with neuronal cells.
Gottfriedová, Kristýna ; Benson, Veronika (advisor) ; Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie (referee)
5 Abstract Microelectrode arrays represent therapeutic approach to neurodegenerative diseases treatment. The development of electrode platforms is rather challenging due to the direct interaction of the material with neuronal tissue. Nanodiamond is one of the researched materials because of its biochemical properties: biocompatibility with many cell types, chemical inertness, high wear and corrosion resistance. During nanodiamond platforms development, biological research focuses on biocompatibility of used material with primary neurons and the evaluation of their adherence to the nanodiamond that is important for recording of electrical activity of neurons. Both, the biocompatibility as well as the adherence depend on the used nanodiamond, manufacturing, roughness, and surface modification. The amount of boron dopant enabling electric conductivity of nanodiamond is also important. In my thesis, I have summarized research on biocompatibility and adherence of neural cells on behalf of above mentioned parameters. I discuss here the variability of experimental results in order to surface modification and cultured cells type. According to the research reports, it seems that neuronal cells prosper well and prefer to adhere to platforms covered with molecules of extracellular matrix or at least poly-lysine...
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Biocompatibility of diamond-based platforms with neuronal cells.
Gottfriedová, Kristýna ; Benson, Veronika (advisor) ; Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie (referee)
Existuje mnoho typů platforem, které jako povrch, bezprostředně interagující s buňkami, využívají diamant. Hlavní rozdíly jsou v typu použitých diamantů. Jedná se o nanodiamanty a ultrananokrystalické diamanty, které mohou být různě strukturované a také dopované o atomy boru. Ačkoli by pravděpodobně bylo hezké, kdyby na platformách nemusela být žádná povrchová úprava. Podle výsledků výzkumů to nevypadá jako lehký úkol, výzkum v tomto směru probíhá, ale zatím bez významných úspěchů. Nejlepších výsledků se při kultivaci buněk na platformách dosahuje, když je povrch potažen alespoň částečkami molekul extracelulární matrix. Jako o trošku méně účinné se jeví využití molekul, které na základě elektrostatických sil navodí adhezi buňky. Jedná se například o molekulu lysinu. Dalším krokem ve výzkumu je ověření, zda povrchy, které se v první fázi zkoumání jevily jako biokompatibilní, budou i po dopování stále optimální pro růst buněk. Z níže uvedených výzkumů zatím vyplývá, že například dopování nanodiamantu borem nemá významný vliv na prosperitu buněk. Klíčová slova nanodiamant, nervová buňka, biokompatibilita, mikroelektrodové pole
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Preparation and characterization of diamond-based nanocarriers for transfection of siRNA
Majer, Jan ; Cígler, Petr (advisor) ; Fišer, Radovan (referee)
Although nanodiamonds were discovered and produced tens of years ago, they have been utilized in medical and biological fields just recently, particularly in drug and gene delivery into a cell and in bioimaging methods. Nanodiamonds can be modified with specific positively charged moieties for complexation with negatively charged nucleic acids. These complexes afterwards overcome extracellular and intracellular barriers and transport the nucleic acid either into cytosol or into the nucleus. Owing to fluorescence centres nitrogen- vacancy, which can be formed in the nanodiamonds, nanodiamonds exhibit excelling optical properties, as they emit stable fluorescence without "photoblinking" or "photobleaching". This thesis reviews properties, synthesis and modifications of nanodiamonds and other selected nanoparticles and their in vitro applications. This thesis also compares their cytotoxicity and gene knockdown efficiency.
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Using of detonation nanodiamond in tribology research field
Mauer, Milan ; Křupka, Ivan (referee) ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor)
The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to give a general knowledge about nanodiamonds, which are chipped off during the explosions diamonds. These particles are used as additions in lubricating preparations to decrease the friction. Bachelor thesis summarizes the basic characteristics, methods of manufacture and application nanodiamonds in practice. Part of this thesis is dedicated to theoretical and detailed descriptions of procedures and experimental results in nanodiamonds field of study. Another part describes different types of nanoparticles, used for the same purpose as nanodiamonds. The final part sums up the advantages of nanoparticles and its purpose for experimental or practical usage.
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